UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 1980 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1980 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. l¥1402 Agricultural Statistics, 1980 Agricultural Statistics 1980 was prepared under the direction of PAUL A. WALSH, Chief, Data Services Branch, Economics and Statistics Service. EILEEN JOHNSON was responsible for coordination and technical editorial work. The cooperation of the many contributors to this publication is gratefully acknowledged. Source notes below each table credit the various Government agencies which collaborated in furnishing information. CONTENTS Page Page Introduction . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III VII -Cattle, b0g11, and sheep: Weights, measures, and conversion factors . . . . . . . . . . . V Cattle and calves ................................. 300 Hogs .............................................. 313 !-Grains: ~:r.~~!~~.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~ Total grain supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Food grains: Goats and mohair ................................ 348 :Wrth!e a::t: :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:. . 1 Meats and meat products ........................ 344 ~~ Hides ............................................. 358 Livestock index numbers ........................ 357 Feed grains: Corn .............................................. 30 Vlll-Dairy and poultry products: Oats •..•.......•.................................. 38 Cows and dairy products ......................... 358 t~?u.;;·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~ Chickens ......................................... 393 Turkeys .......................................... 407 ¥~~rr.u~~~~~.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~ Eggs ...•.....•..............••.................... 411 Animal units fed .................................. 58 IX-Farm resources, income, and expenses: Economic trends ................................. 416 II- Cotton, tobacco, sugar crops, and honey: Farm property ................................... 417 Cotton ........................................•.... 61 Population and employment ..................... 429 Other fibers ......•................................ 76 Farm production and distribution ....•.......... 435 Sugar ...........•.......•.......................... 77 Prices and income ................................ 446 Sirups ..•.....................................•.... 91 Coots and expenses ............................... 464 Honey and beeswax ............................... 93 Tobacco ........•.............................•.... 99 X-Taxes, insurance, cooperatives, and credit: Taxes and insurance ............................. 471 III-Oilseeds, fats, and oils: Credit and loan programs ........................ 476 Cottonseed ............•.......................... 114 Flaxseed ......................................... 117 Farmers' cooperatives ........................... 491 Peanuts •..............................••......... 122 Rural eleetrifiestion and telephones ...•.......•. 494 Soybeans ...............................•......•.. 129 Sunflower ........................................ 135 XI-Stabilization and pri.,.,.,.upport programs: Pe.vpennint and speannint ...................... 137 Price support ..................................... 504 Ohveoil .•.......•................................ 139 Payments to ~roduoors .......................... 515 Margarine ........................................ 139 Disaster proVISions ............................... 518 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Marketing agreements and orders ..........••.•. 519 ~:~rt,::jnok:::::::: ~~ XII-Agricultural conservation and forestry statistics: IV-Ve~tahles and melons: Conservation and pollution abatement egetables and melons .......................... 151 programs ....................................... 520 Vegetable shipments ............................. 195 Soil conservation programs ...................... 5Z1 Vegetable consumption ....................••.... 197 Forestry .......................................... 584 Commercial pack •................••............•. 200 Turpentine and rosin ............................. 547 V -Fruits, tree nuts, and horticultural XIII -Consumption and family living: specialties: Population ....................................... 560 Fruits and berries ............. , .................. 204 Food consumption ............................... 551 Tree nuts ......................................... 256 Food and nutrition programs .................... 556 Tea, cacao beans, and coffee ..................... 261 Prices at retail levels ............................. 559 Mushrooms ....................................... 264 Flowers .......................................... 265 XIV -Miscellaneous statistics: Agricultural imports and exports •.•.•........... 561 VI-Halt~'.~~~.~.~~~ .~~.1~. ~~:. ................... 268 CFoimshm~o dsi~ttyi fsutitucsr e·s: . :• ....................•.•...•...•.•..•.....•.•.............. 553704 ~~.~~~.~~~.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~ Refngeratlon statistics .......................... 586 Alaska statistics .................................. 587 ~=~.t,se:%'bfe :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~ Peas, dry ......................................... 294 Hops .............................................. 296 Popcorn .......................................... 298 Index ...................................................... 588 II Introduction Agricultural Statistics is published each year to meet the diverse needs for a reliable reference book on agricultural production, supplies, consumption, facilities, costs, and returns. Its tables of annual data cover a wide variety of facts in forms suited to most common use. Inquiries concerning more current or more detailed data, past and prospective revisions, or the statistical methodology used should be addressed directlY.' to the agency credited with preparing the table. Most of the data were prepared or compiled in the U.S. Department of Agriculture. A few tables were prepared in other Government Agencies. The historical series in this volume have been generally limited to data beginning with 1965 or later. Agricultural data for Alaska and Hawaii are included in the appropriate tables, where available. Certain statistics for Alaska are found in Chapter XIV. Foreign agricultural trade statistics include Government as well as non-Government shipments of merchandise from the United States and Territories to foreign countries. They do not include U.S. shipments to the U.S. Armed Forces abroad for their own use or shipments between the States and U.S. Territories. The world summaries of production and trade of major farm products are prepared by the U.S. Department of Agriculture from reports of the U.S. Department of Commerce, official statistics of foreign governments, other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. Agricultural Attaches and Foreign Service Officers, and the result of office research. Statistics presented in many of the tables represent actual counts of the items covered. Most of the statistics relating to foreign trade and to Government programs, such as numbers and amounts of loans made to farmers, and amounts of loans made by the Commodity Credit (' Corporation, etc., are data of this type. A large number of other tables, however, contain data that are estimates made by the Department of Agriculture. The estimates for crops, livestock, and poultry made by the U.S. Department of Agriculture are prepared mainly to give timely current State and national totals and averages. They are based on data obtained by sample surveys of farmers and of people who do business with farmers. The survey data are supplemented by information from the Censuses of Agriculture taken every 5 years and chec~ data from various sources. Being estimates, they are subject to revision as more data become available from commercial or Government sources. Unless otherwise indicated, the totals for the United States shown in the various tables on area, production, numbers, price, value, supplies, and disposition are based on official Department estimates. They exclude States for which no official estimates are compiled. DEFINITIONS "Value of production" as applied to crops in the various tables, is derived by multiplying production by the estimated season average price received by farmers for that portion of the commodity actually sold. In the case of fruits and vegetables, quantities not harvested because of low prices or other economic factors are not included in value of production. The word "Value" is used in the inventory tables on livestock and poultry to mean value of the number of head on the inventory date. It is derived by multiplying the number of head by an estimated value per head as of that date. The word "Year" (alone) in a column heading means calendar year unless otherwise indicated. "Ton" when used in this book without qualifications means a short ton of 2,000 pounds. Where note reference has been made to Economics, Statistics, and Cooperatives Service these should be changed to Economics and Statistics Service. Cooperatives is now Agricultural Cooperative Service. This change was effective October 1, 1980. m IV AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1980 WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND CONVERSION FACTORS The following table on weights, measures, and conversion factors covers the most important agricultural products, or the products for which such information is most frequently asked of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It does not cover all farm products nor all containers for any one product. The information has been assembled from State schedules of legal weights, various sources within the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and other Government agencies. For most products, particularly fruits and vegetables, there is a considerable variation in weight per unit of volume due to differences in variety or size of commodity, condition and tightness of pack, degree to which the container is heaped, etc. Effort has been made to select the most representative and fairest average for each product. For those commodities which develop considerable shrinkage, the point of origin weight or weight at harvest has been used. The approximate or average weights as given in this table do not necessarily have official standing as a basis for packing or as grounds for settling disputes. Not all of them are recognized as legal weight. The table was prepared chiefly for use of workers in the U.S. Department of Agriculture who have need of conversion factors in statistical computations. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1980 v WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND CONVERSION FACTORS (See explantory text just preceding this table) WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Approximate Approximate Commodity Unit1 net weight Commodity Unit' net weight u.s. Metric u.s. Metric Puu:nds Kilogra.ms ~111ls IKilogra.ms Alfalfa seed ...•.. Bushel ........ . 60 27.2 Celery . . . . . . . . . Crate 11 •••••••• 60 27.2 !N::?u.;.;~i· .... . 48 21.8 Cherries ••..•... t~)(!:"":'~. .... 16 7.3 Apples ........... . Fibbeorxb•o a.r.d. .... . """ ID.O Clover seed . . • BLuusgb e.l. ...•............. .. 360) 297..12 box, cell Com: pack········· 37-44 16.8-ID.O Ear, husked Bushel .•....... ••70 3L8 Apricots ......... . Lug (Brent- Shelled ..... .. do ........... . 56 25.4 wood)' ..... . 24 10.9 Meal ....•... ..do .......•.... 60 22.7 Westem ....... . 4-basket Oil ..•.•.•••. Gallon ..•......• 107.7 3.6 crate• ...... . 26 1L8 Sirup ...... . . .. do ...........• 1L72 5.3 Artichokes: Mesh or paper Globe ..........• ¥.-box ID 9.1 { 46-ro 20.4-22.7 Jerusalem ..... . Bushel ........ . 60 22.7 Sweet ...... . w!:~~-····· Asparagus ....... . Crate ......... . 30 13.6 ~ 18.1-z7.2 BAavnocaandaoss .........•....... .. LFiubge•r f.o.l.d.i.n..g. . . 12-15 6.4-6.8 Cotten ....... . { BBaallee,, gnreots s.. ..... ... . ••••458000 221287 box• 40 18.1 Cottonseed ... . Busbel ....... .. '"32 14.5 Barley ........... . Bushel ........ . 48 21.8 Cottonseed oil Gallon ........ .. ••7.7 3.6 Beans: Cowpeas ..... . Busbel ....... .. 60 27.2 OLitmhear,, ddrryy ......... .. { S....a ddcook .............................. ... 1506006 4~6~.4 CCrreaanmbe, rr4i0e-s {=i,;;~i···:: 12050 416L.43 Lima, un- shelled ...... . Bushel ........ . ~ 12.7-14.5 !:":~at ... Gallon ........ .. 3.38 3.80 Snap .......... . .. do .......... . ~ 12.7-14.5 Cucumbers ..•• Bushel 48 2L8 BeWetist:h out tops .. .. do .......... . 60 22.7 DEgewgpblearnrite .s. ..... .. ~~~.:::: 3336 1166..03 Bunched ...•.... Wirebound ... . Eqs, average crate ....... . 46 3>.4 ...., Case, 30 dozen 47.0 21.3 Berries, frozen Escarole ...... . Bushel ........ . 25 1L3 w!:'o~t Figs, freah ... . Box, single sugar ....... . 50-gal. barrel • 380 172 Flaxseed ..... . B!l:f'~.::::::: 566 252..74 3+1pack ... . .. do .......... . 425 198 Flour, various Bag .......... .. 100 46.4 2+1pack ... . ..do 460 :m Grapefruit: Blackbemes ..... . 24-qt. crate ... 36 16.3 Florida and Bluegrass seed .•. Bushel ........• 14-30 6.4-13.6 Texas .... ¥.-box mesh Broccoli •......••.. Wirebound bag ......... . 40 18.1 crate ......... . 20-25 9.1-11.3 Florida ..•.. 1% bu. box ... . 85 38.6 Broomeom (6 Texas 1'Yo bu. box .. .. 80 36.3 bales per ton) . Bale 333 161 California Broomeom seed .. Bushel ........ . 44-60 ID.0-22.7 Deaert Brussels sprouts Drums ........ . "25 11.3 Valleys and Buckwheat ...... . Bushel ........ . 48 21.8 Butter ........... . !OBpoex~ .~.~.~..-.-..-.·..· . 6640 2292..07 CalifAorrinzioan a .. {CBoarxttosn ......... ••6342 2194..05 Cabbage •••••.•••• Wicrreal>teou7 n•d• ••..•..•. 60 22.7 oDtehaeerr tt han { Box•• ......... . f11 80.4 Westem .....•. Valleys ..... Carton20 ...... . 83'12 16.2 crate• ...... . 30 36.3 Grapes: Cantaloups ...... . Jumbo crate• . 83 37.6 4-<rt..climax Carrots: Eastem ..•.• { &asket ....... 6 2.7 {Bushel ........ . 60 22.7 12-<jt. ba.s.k..e.t. ... .. 18-ID 8.2-9.1 Without tops .. ~~~~-···· {~ei 28 12.7 60 22.7 Westem ... . Castor beans ••••• Bushel ........ . ••481 18.6 crate22 ...... . ID 9.1 Castor oil ...•.... Gallon 3.6 Hempseed .... . Bushel ........ . 44 ID.O W.G.A. crate 50-60 22.7-27.2 Hickory nuts . .. do ........... . 60 22.7 Fiberboard Honey ........ . Gallon ......... . 1L64 6.4 box, HC::f;;tn'!w ..... . Cauliflower ....•.. wrapper Jumbo crate 23 • 44 ID.O leaves re Hops ......... . Bale, gross .... 200 90.7 moved, film wrapped, 2layers 23-ll5 10.4-16.9 See footnotes on page IX. VI AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1980 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES-Continued Approximate Approximate Commodity Unit• net weight Commodity Unit• net weight u.s. Metric u.s. Metric Pounds Kilcgroms Puunds Kilcgroms Pears: Horseradish { Bushel ..... . 85 15.9 California .. Bushel ....... . 48 21.8 root.s • . . . . . . . . . Barrel ...... . 100 45.4 Other .. do 50 22.7 H'::;fi:t!ea. .. . Western ... Box27 ........ . 46 20.9 Bushel ..... . 48 and 50 21.8-22.7 Peas: Kale .• do 18 8.2 Green, un- Kapok seed . . . . . • do 31>-40 15.9--18.1 shelled . . . 1,Bushel ....... . 28-80 12.7-13.6 Lard . . . . . . . . . . . . Tierce ...... . 375 170 Dry ········ ll··do .......... . 60 27.2 Lemons: Peppers, green ~trbQ;.;.d · · · · · 25-.'!0 11.3-13.6 California and { Box ,. ...... . 1976 34.5 I\_ carton ..... . 80-M 13.8-15.4 Arizona . . . . Carton 20 •••• 38 17.2 Perilla seed • • Bushel ....•... 37-40 16.8-18.1 Pineapples . . . Crate 28 ••••••• 70 31.8 Lentils . . . . . . . . . . Bushel 60 27.2 Plums and Lettuce . . . . . . . . . Fiberboard box, carton 38-55 17.2-24.9 4-basket Lettuce, hot- crate29 12.7-15.4 house ........ . 24-qt. basket 10 4.5 Other '1:.-bu. Limes (Florida) Box ........ . 80 36.3 basket ..... . 12.7 LMianlste e.d. .o.i.l. ......... .. GBaulslhoenl ........... .. .1073.74 1::~ Poo:;'~ .... . Bushel ....... . 1370 31.8 Maple sirup ... . Gallon ...... . 11.03 5.00 Shelled .... . .. do 56 25.4 Meadow fescue Poppy seed .. ,;;.do .......... . 46 20.9 seed •......••. Bushel ..... . 24 10.9 1:;:ushel •....... 60 27.2 Milk .•..•....... Gallon ...... . 8.6 3.90 Potatoes ..... . Barrel ········· 165 74.8 Millet .......... . Bushel ..... . 48-50 21.8-22.7 Bag ··········· 50 22.7 Molasses, .do 100 45.4 edible . . . . . . . . . Gallon ...... . 11.72 5.3 Quinces ..... . Bushel ....... . 48 21.8 Molasses, Rapeseed .... . .. do 50 and 60 22.7-27.2 inedible .. do 11.74 5.3 Raspberries .. 24-qt. crate .. . 36 16.3 Mustard seed .• Bushel ..... . 58-00 26.3-27.2 Redtop seed . Bushel ....... . 50 and 60 22.7-27.2 Oat.s ........... . .. do 32 14.5 Refiners' sirup Gallon •••...... 11.45 5.2 Olives ~~;~ ······· 25-.'!0 11.3-13.6 Rice: Olive oil ....... . 107.6 3.5 f!!ushel ....... . 45 20.4 OOnniioonnss,, gdrreye n. ..• Sack .....••.. 50 22.7 Rough ..••. ~i·::::::::: 116020 4753..45 bunched . . . . . . Crate ....... . ~ 27.2-29.5 Milled ..... . Pocket or bag 100 45.4 Onion se\8 . . . . . . Bushel ..... . 28-.'32 12.7-14.5 Rosin ........ . Drum, net ... . 520 236 Oranges: Rutabagas Bushel ....... . 56 25.4 Florida and { '1:.-box mesh Rye .......... . .. do .......... . 56 25.4 Texas bag ...... . 45 2o.4 Seasme seed • ..do .......... . 46 20.9 Box25 ...•... 90 40.8 Shallo\8 Crate(4-7doz. bunches) ... . 2Q.4l5 9.1-15.9 California and { Box •• ...... . 34.0 Sorgo: Arizona . . . . Carton 20 ... . 17.0 Seed •.....• Bushel ....... . 50 22.7 Sirup .•..... Gallon ••.•..... 11.55 5.2 Orcbardgrass Sorghum seed . . . . . . . • . . Bushel ..... . 14 6.4 grain"' ... . Bushel ....... . 56 25.4 Palm oil . . . . . . . . Gallon ...... . 107.7 3.5 Soybeans .... . ..do .......... . 60 27.2 Parsnips . . . . . . . . { ~dohe·l· . :: : :: : 4580 2212..87 SSopyeblte a.n. .o.i.l. ... .. GBualslhoenl ...••.... 1074.07 138..15 Lug box21 •• 20 9.1 Spinach ,;,:.~ •........... 18-20 8.2-9.1 Peaches . . . . . . . . . California Strawberries ~~·crate .. . 36 16.3 fruit box . 2618 8.2 12-pt. crate .. . 9--11 4.1--J;.O Peanut oil . . . . . . Gallon •...... 107.7 3.5 Sudangrass Peanuts, seed ....•••• Bushel .••..... 40 18.1 unshelled: SulP"""ne: RVuirngninerias, type Bushel 17 7"7 {:Jfured or south- unsulfured) Gallon .....•... 11.45 5.2 eastern . . . . do ........ . 21 9.5 Sunflower seed Bushel •......• 24 and 32 10.9--14.5 Spanish: South- Sweetpotatoes .. do .......... . 3155 24.9 eastern .. ..do 25 11.3 Crate ...•...... 50 22.7 South- Tar.;;.es_•. ... western .. do 25 1L3 ¥,-bu. box ... 47'1, 21.5 See footnotes on page IX. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1980 VII WEIGHTS AND MEASURES-Continued Approximate Approximate Commodity Unit I net weight Commodity Unit' net weight U.S. Metric u.s. Metric Pounds Ki«<grams Pounds KW.g-ro:m• Timonthy seed ... Bushel ......... . 45 20.4 Tung oil ..... . Gallon .......... . 107.8 3.5 Tobacro: Turni : Maryland ..... . Hogshead ..... . 775 352 wdh'out tops Mesh sack ..... . 50 22.7 Flue-eured .. do ............ . 950 431 Bunched ... . Crate• .......... . 70-80 31.8-36.3 Burley ......... . .. do ............ . 975 442 Turpentine ... . Gallon .......... . 7.23 s.s Dark air-cured .. do ............ . 1,150 522 V elvetbeans v~':u-oo .... (hulled) ..... Bushel .......... . 60 27.2 .. do ............ . 1,350 612 Vetch .•....... ..do ............ . 60 27.2 Kentucky and Walnuts .. do ............ . 50 22.7 Tennessee Water 60° F Gallon .......... . 8.33 8.8 fired-cured .. .. do ............ . 1,500 680 Watermelons Melons of Case ...•.••..••. 250-1!65 118-166 average or Cigar-leaf . . . . . . Bale ........... . 15()..175 68.0-79.4 medium Crate .......... . 60 27.2 size ........... . 25 11.3 Tomatoes . . . . . . . . . Lug box 21 ••••• 32 14.5 Wheat •........ lt~ushel .......... . 60 27.2 2-layer flat .... 21 9.5 Various com~ ~~hort ton ...... . 2,000 907 Tomatoes, ....... . modities .... ~!Ang ton ....... . 2,240 1,016 hothouse . . . . . . . 12-qt. basket ... 20 9.1 !\Metric ton ..... . 2,ID4.6 1,000 See footnotes on page IX. To Convert From Avoirdupois Pounds To Multiply by Kilograms ••••••••••.••••••••••••••.•••••.•••••••••••••••••••• 0.45359237 Metric tons •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0.00045359237 Conversion Factors 1 Metric ton - 2,204.622 pounds 1 Kilogram = 2.2046 pounds 1 Acre = 0.407 hectares 1 Hectare = 2.47 acres 1 Square mile - 640 acres = 259 hectare 1 Gallon = 3.7853 titers VIII AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1980 CONVERSION FACTORS Commodity Unit Approximate equivalent 1 pound dried ........ . 7 pounds f""'h; beginning 1943, 8 pounds f.....b Ap~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 pound chope ....... . tn':!t~rr!h 1 case canned.. . .... . Applesauce ...•........................ ..d oaz ................ . 1.2 bushel& freah Apricots .............................. . 1 pound dried ....... . 6 pounds r....,h Barley flour .......................... . 100 pounds ........... . 4.59 bushel& barley Beans, lima .......................... . 1 pound shelled ..... . 2 pounds unshelled Beans, snap or wax ................. . 1 case canned 33 ..... . o.oos ton r .....h Buckwheat flour ..................... . 100 pounds ........... . 3.47 bushel& buckwheat CCaaltvtlees ............................................................... .. .. ~-.t'u~~. ~~~. ~~~~~-.: 00..556517 ppoouunndd ddrreeaaaaeedd wweeiigghhtt {{1~~ aavveerraaggeel Cane sirup ........................... . 1 gallon .............. . 5 pounds sugar Cherries, tart ........................ . 1 case canned ....... . 0.023 ton r. .... h Chickens ............................. .. 1 pound live weight . 0. 72 pound ready-to-cook weight Corn, shelled ......................... . 1 bushel {56 lbo.) .... . 2 bushel& (70 pounds) of husked ear com Corn, sweet .......................... . 1 case canned 33 ..... . 0.030 ton t.....b Cornmeal: 100 pounds ...•........ 3.16 bushel& corn, beginning 1946 Co~~:::::::::::::::::::::::: .. do .................. . 2 bushels com, beginning 1946 1 pound ginned ..... . 3.26 pounds aeed cotton, including trash .. CCoottttoonnsseeeedd omile a.l. •........................................... . ~. . t'u~~.::::: :::::::::: 25..1808 ppoouunnddss ccoottttoonnsseeeedd Dairy products: Butter .............................. . .. do .................. . 2Ll pounds milk Cheese ............................. . .. do .................. . 10 pounds milk Condensed milk, whole ........... . .. do .................. . 2.3 pounds milk Dry cream ••••••••.••••••••••.•••••• .. do .................. . 19 pounds milk Dry milk, whole ................... . .. do .................. . 7.6 pounds milk Evaporated milk, whole .......... . .. do .................. . 2.14 pounds milk Malted milk .•.•••.••...••.••...•..• .. do ................•.. 2.6 pounds milk Nonfat dry milk •••.••••••.••...••. .. do ..........•........ 11 pounds liquid skim milk Ice cream .......................... . 1 gallon .............. . 15 pounds milk Ice cream .. {eliminating fat from butter and concentrated milk) .. .. do .................. . 12 pounds milk 1 case ......•.......... 47 pounds =n~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .. do .......•........... 39.5 pounds frozen or liquid whole eggs .. do .................. . 10.3 pounds dried whole ~ Figs ................................... . 1 pound dried ....... . 3 pounds fresh in Califorma; 4 pounds fresh eJae. where Flaxaeed . . . . . . . . . • . . . . • • • • . . • • • . • • . . • • • 1 bushel .............. . About 2% gallons oil Grapefruit, Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 case canned juice 33 0.64 box f""'h fruit Hogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 pound live weight . 0.579 pound dreaaed weight, excluding land {~ average) LLiinnsseeeedd moile a.l ...•................................................ . ~. . t'u~~-: :::::::::::::: 21.. 5717 ppoouunnddss ffllaaxxaaeeeedd Malt ..................................• 1 bushel {84 lbo.) .... . 1 bushel barley {48 lbo.) Maple sirup ..•........................ 1 gallon .............. . 8 pounds maple sugar Nuts: AAllmmoonnddss, iCm&polirfoterudi a ..•.•.•...•.•.•...•.•..•..•.•.• .. ~. . t'u~~-~~~~~-.:::::: 32.'2132 ppoouunnddss uunnsshheelllleedd through 1949; 2 pounds thereafter Brazil ................•.............. ..do 2 pounds unshelled Cashews ............................. ..do 4.55 pounds unshelled Chestnuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do 1.19 pounds unshelled Filberts ............................. ..do ~~~ds unshelled through 1949; 2.5 pounds Pecans: .. do 2. 78 pounds unshelled $~.:::::::::::::::::::::::::: .. do 2.50 pounds unshelled .. do 1.3 pounds unshelled Pistachios ••••••••••..•......•.•••..• .. do 2 pounds unshelled Walnuts: Black •.................•.......... .. do .......•........... 5.88 pounds unshelled Persian {English) ............... . .. do .................. . 2.67 pounds unshelled Oatmeal ..•............................ 100 pounds ........... . 7.6 bushels oats, beginning 1943 Oranlzea, Florida ..................... . 1 case canned juice33 0.53 box f""'h Peaelies, California, fnJ8Btone ...... . 1 pound dried ....... . 5'1s pounds freah through 1918; 6 pounds f.....b for 1919-28; and 6'12 pounds f.....b from 1929 to date Peaehes, California, clingstone ..... . .. do .................•. 7% pounds f.....b Peaehes, clingstone .................. . 1 case canned.. . ..... 1 bushel f.....b Do ......•......................... .. do .........•......•.. 0.0230 ton f.....b Peanuts ............................... . 1 pound shelled ..... . 1' 12 pounds unshelled Pears ................................. . 1 pound dried ....... . 6'12 pounds freah Pears, Bartlett ...•.................... 1 case canned 33 •..... 1.1 bushel& freah Do ............................... . .. do .................. . 0.026 ton r. .... h See footnotes on page IX. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1980 IX CONVERSION FACTORS-Continued Commodity Unit Approximate equivalent Peas, green .......................... . 1 pound shelled 2'12 pounds unshelled Do ............•..................... 1 case canned 33 ....•. 0.009 ton fresh (shelled) Prunes ................................ . 1 pound dried ....... . F~h~i'!,.~:;':h in California; 3 to 4 pounds Raisins ................................ . 1 pound .............. . 4.3 pounds fresh grapes Rice, milled (excluding brewers) ... . 100 pounds ............ . 152 pounds rough or unhulled rice .. do .................. . 2.23 bushels rye, beginning 1947 !~':~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 pound live weight . 0.482 pound dressed weight (1~ average) Soybean oil .......................... . ~.rou~~:::::::::: :::::: 51..4297 ppoouunnddss ssooyybbeeaannss ~~~·:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 tpoonu nrda wfa r.m..-.s.a.l.e.s. ... . 0V.9a3ri4o6u st own eriegihmtse do f stemmed and unstemmed, weight .............. . according to aging and the type of tobacco. (See circular 435, U.S. Dept. of Agr.) Tomatoes ............................. . 1 case canned 33 •••••• O.Q18 ton fresh TWuhrkeaety sf lo.u.r. ..................................................... .. 110 0p opuonudn dlisv e. .w..e..ig..h.t. . .. ~ ru:~ ~~~k weight Wool, domestic apparel shorn ...... . ~.rou~~.~~.::::::: 0.48 pound scoured Wool, domestic apparel pulled ..... . 0.73 pound scoured 1 Standard bushel used in the United States contains 2,150.42 cubic inches; the gallon, 231 cubic inches; the cranher ry harrel, 5,826 cubic inches; and the standard fruit and vegetable barrel, 7,056 cubic inches. Such large-sized products as apples and r,tatoes sometimes are sold on the basis of a heaped bushel, which would exceed somewhat the 2,150.42 cubic inches o a bushel basket level full. This also applies to such products as sweetpotatoes, peaches, green beans, green peas, spinach, ete. 'Approximate inside dimensions, 10'1, by 11V , by 18 inches. 3 Approximate inside dimensions, 4% by 12'12 by 16V. inches. • Approximate inside dimensions, 4'1, by 16 by 16V. inches. 'Approximate dimensions, 4'1, by 18'1, by 16V. inches. • Approximate inside dimensions, 18 by 12 by 32 inches. 1 Ins1de dimensions vary. Common sizes are 13 by 18 by 22'18 inches, and 18 by 15'18 by 23 inches. 8 Approximate inside dimensions, 13 by 18 by 21% inches. • Approximate inside dimensions, 13 by 13 by 22V. inches. 1• Tliis is the weight commonly used in trade practices, the actual weight varying according to temperatore condi- tions. 1n2 AApppprrooxxiimmaattee iinnssiiddee ddiimmeennssiioonnss,, 94''1184 bbyy 1116 vb, yb 2y0 1 i4n cinhcehs.e s. "The standard weight of 70 pounds is usually recognized as being about 2 measured bushels of corn, busked, on the ear, because it required 70 pounds to yield 1 bushel or 56 pounds, of shelled corn. 14 For statistical purposes the bale of cotton is 500 pounds or 480 pounds net weight. Prior to Aug. 1, 1946, the net weight was estimated at 478 pounds. Actual bale weights vary considerably, and the customary average weights of bales of foreign cotton differ from that of the American square bale. 15 This is the average weight of cottonseed, although the legal weight in some States varies from this ilgllre of 32 pounds. 18 Approximate inside dimensions, 9'14 by 10'12 by 15 inches. "Approximate inside dimensions, 1% by 11 by 16V. inches. 18 Approximate inside dimensions, 11 '12 by 11 v, by 24 inches. ••In California and Arizona from 1942 through 1958, theP net weights as used by this De~nt were 77 pounds for oranges, 79 pounds for lemons, and 65 pounds for Desert Valleys grapefruit. Grapefruit m California areas, other than the Desert Valleys, average 68 pounds. The new weights effective in 1954 reflect the shift from the "box" to the V,-box carton as the container used. 20 Approximate inside dimensions 10'14 by 101'1\8 by 16% inches for oranges or lemons, and 9'14 by 10•y16 by 16¥8 inches. for grapefruit. 21 Approximate inside dimensions, 5% by 18'1, by 16'18 inches. " Approximate inside dimensions, 4% by 16 by 16'18 inches. 23 Approximate inside dimensions, 7% by 16 by 21 'Is inches. 24 Approximate inside dimensions, 9% by 13 by 25 inches. "Approximate inside dimensions, 12 by 12 by 24 inches. 28 Approximate inside dimensions vary. Common size is 4'12 by 11'12 by 16V. inches. "Approximate inside dimensions, 8'12 by 11 V2 by 18 inches. 28 Approximate inside dimensions, 12 by 10'12 by S3 inches. 29lnside dimensions vary. Ranges from 4 by 16 by 16'1s inches to 6 by 16 by 16'18 inches. 30 Includes both sorghum grain (kairr, milo, hegari, etc.) and sweet sorghum varieties. " This average of 55 pounds indicates the usual weight of sweetpotatoes when harvested. Much weight is lost in curing or drying and the net weight when sold in terminal markets may be below 55 pounds. •• Case ol 24 No. 2V• cans. 33Case of 24 No. SOS cans. ,. Varies widely by method of harvesting. "The milk equivalent of ice cream per gallon is 15 pounds. Reports from plants indicate about 81 percent of the butterfat in ice cream is from milk and cream, the remainder being from butter and concentrated milk. Thus the milk equivalent of the milk and cream in a gallon of ice cream is about 12 pounds. 38 This is equivalent to 4.51 bushels of wheat per harrel (196 pounds) of flour and has been used in conversions, beginning July 1, 1957. Because of changes in milling processes, the following faetors per harrel of flour have been used for earlier periods: 179()....1879, 5 bushel; 1880--1908, 4.75 bushels, 1909-17, 4.7 bushels, 1918 and 1919, 4.5 bushels; 1920, 4.6 bushels; 1921-44, 4.7 bushels; July 1944-Feb. 1948, 4..57 bushels; March 1946-0ct. 1948, average was about 4.31 bushels; and Nov. l~une 1957, 4.57 bushels.