Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 3171 EditedbyJ.G.CarbonellandJ.Siekmann Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science Ana L.C. Bazzan Sofiane Labidi (Eds.) Advances in Artificial Intelligence – SBIA 2004 17th Brazilian Symposium onArtificial Intelligence São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil September 29 – October 1, 2004 Proceedings 1 3 SeriesEditors JaimeG.Carbonell,CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JörgSiekmann,UniversityofSaarland,Saarbrücken,Germany VolumeEditors AnaL.C.Bazzan UniversidadeFederaldoRioGrandedoSul Depto.deInformáticaTeórica,InstitutodeInformática CaixaPostal15064,91501-970PortoAlegre,RS,Brazil E-mail:[email protected] SofianeLabidi FederalUniversityofMaranhãoUFMA IntelligentSystemsLaboratoryLSI CenterofTechnology BacangaCampus,65080-040SãoLuis,MA,Brazil E-mail:[email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2004112252 CRSubjectClassification(1998):I.2,F.4.1,F.1,H.2.8 ISSN0302-9743 ISBN3-540-23237-0SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springeronline.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2004 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyOlgunComputergrafik Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:11316800 06/3142 543210 Preface SBIA, the Brazilian Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, is a biennial event intended to be the main forum of the AI community in Brazil. The SBIA 2004 was the 17th issue of the series initiated in 1984. Since 1995 SBIA has been accepting papers written and presented only in English, attracting researchers from all over the world. At that time it also started to have an international programcommittee, keynote invited speakers,andproceedings published in the Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (LNAI) series of Springer (SBIA 1995, Vol. 991, SBIA 1996, Vol. 1159, SBIA 1998, Vol. 1515, SBIA 2000, Vol. 1952, SBIA 2002, Vol. 2507). SBIA 2004 was sponsored by the Brazilian Computer Society (SBC). It was held from September 29 to October 1 in the city of Sa˜o Luis, in the northeast of Brazil, together with the Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks (SBRN). This followeda trendofjoiningthe AI andANN communities tomake the joint event a very exciting one. In particular, in 2004 these two events were also held togetherwiththeIEEEInternationalWorkshoponMachineLearningandSignal Processing (MMLP), formerly NNLP. TheorganizationalstructureofSBIA2004wassimilartootherinternational scientificconferences.Thebackboneoftheconferencewasthetechnicalprogram whichwascomplementedbyinvitedtalks,workshops,etc.onthemainAItopics. The callfor papers attracted209 submissions from21 countries.Eachpaper submitted to SBIA was reviewed by three referees. From this total, 54 papers from 10 countries were accepted and are included in this volume. This made SBIA a very competitive conference with an acceptance rate of 25.8%. The evaluation of this large number of papers was a challenge in terms of reviewing and maintaining the high quality of the preceding SBIA conferences. All these goals would not have been achieved without the excellent work of the members ofthe programcommittee –composedof80researchersfrom18countries–and the auxiliary reviewers. Thus, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to all those who helped make SBIA 2004 happen. First of all we thank all the contributing authors; special thanks go to the members of the program committee and reviewers for their careful work in selecting the best papers. Thanks go also to the steering committee foritsguidanceandsupport,tothe localorganizationpeople,andto the students who helped with the website design and maintenance, the papers submission site, and with the preparationof this volume. Finally, we would like to thank the Brazilian funding agencies and Springer for supporting this book. Porto Alegre, September 2004 Ana L.C. Bazzan (Chair of the ProgramCommittee) Sofiane Labidi (General Chair) Organization SBIA 2004 was held in conjunction with SBRN 2004 and with IEEE MMLP 2004. These events were co-organizedby all co-chairs involved in them. Chair Sofiane Labidi (UFMA, Brazil) Steering Committee Ariadne Carvalho (UNICAMP, Brazil) Geber Ramalho (UFPE, Brazil) Guilherme Bitencourt (UFSC, Brazil) Jaime Sichman (USP, Brazil) Organizing Committee Allan Kardec Barros (UFMA) Alu´ızio Arau´jo (UFPE) Ana L.C. Bazzan (UFRGS) Geber Ramalho (UFPE) Osvaldo Ronald Saavedra (UFMA) Sofiane Labidi (UFMA) Supporting Scientific Society SBC Sociedade Brasileira de Computa¸c˜ao Organization VII Program Committee Luis Otavio Alvares Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) Analia Amandi Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) John Atkinson Universidad de Concepcin (Chile) Br´aulio Coelho Avila Pontif´ıcia Universidade Cato´lica, PR (Brazil) Fla´via Barros Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (Brazil) Guilherme Bittencourt Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (Brazil) Olivier Boissier E´cole Nationale Superieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne (France) Rafael H. Bordini University of Liverpool (UK) Dibio Leandro Borges Pontif´ıcia Universidade Cato´lica, PR (Brazil) Bert Bredeweg University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands) Jacques Calmet Universita¨t Karlsruhe (Germany) Mario F. Montenegro CamposUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil) Fernando Carvalho Universidade Federal do Ceara´ (Brazil) Francisco Carvalho Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (Brazil) Cristiano Castelfranchi Institute of Psychology,CNR (Italy) Carlos Castro Univ. T´ecnica Federico Santa Mar´ıa (Chile) Stefano Cerri Universit´e Montpellier II (France) Ibrahim Chaib-draa Universit´e Laval (Canada) Helder Coelho Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal) Vincent Corruble Universit´e Pierre et Marie Curie (France) Ernesto Costa Universidade de Coimbra (Portugal) Anna Helena Reali Costa Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo (Brazil) Antoˆnio C. da Rocha Costa Universidade Cato´lica de Pelotas (Brazil) Augusto C.P.L. da Costa Universidade Federal da Bahia (Brazil) Evandro de Barros Costa Universidade Federal de Alagoas (Brazil) Kerstin Dautenhahn University of Hertfordshire (UK) Keith Decker University of Delaware (USA) Marco Dorigo Universit´e Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium) Michael Fisher University of Liverpool (UK) Peter Flach University of Bristol (UK) Ana Cristina Bicharra Garcia Universidade Federal Fluminense (Brazil) Uma Garimella AP State Council for Higher Education (India) Lu´cia Giraffa Pontif´ıcia Universidade Cato´lica, RS (Brazil) Claudia Goldman University of Massachusetts,Amherst (USA) Fernando Gomide Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Brazil) Gabriela Henning Universidad Nacional del Litoral (Argentina) Michael Huhns University of South Carolina (USA) Nitin Indurkhya University of New South Wales (Australia) Al´ıpio Jorge University of Porto (Portugal) Celso Antˆonio Alves KaestnerPontif´ıcia Universidade Cato´lica, PR (Brazil) VIII Organization Franziska Klu¨gl Universita¨t Wu¨rzburg (Germany) Sofiane Labidi Universidade Federal do Maranha˜o (Brazil) Lluis Godo Lacasa Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (Spain) Marcelo Ladeira Universidade de Bras´ılia (Brazil) Nada Lavrac Josef Stefan Institute (Slovenia) Christian Lemaitre Lab.NacionaldeInformaticaAvanzada(Mexico) Victor Lesser University of Massachusetts,Amherst (USA) Vera Lu´cia Strube de Lima Pontif´ıcia Universidade Cato´lica, RS (Brazil) Jose Gabriel Pereira Lopes Universidade Nova de Lisboa (Portugal) Michael Luck University of Southampton (UK) Ana Teresa Martins Universidade Federal do Ceara´ (Brazil) Stan Matwin University of Ottawa (Canada) Eduardo Miranda University of Plymouth (UK) Maria Carolina Monard Universidadede Sa˜oPauloatSa˜oCarlos(Brazil) Val´erie Monfort MDT Vision (France) Eugenio Costa Oliveira Universidade do Porto (Portugal) Tarcisio Pequeno Universidade Federal do Ceara´ (Brazil) Paolo Petta Austrian Research Institut for Artificial Intelligence (Austria) Geber Ramalho Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (Brazil) Solange Rezende Universidadede S˜aoPauloatSa˜oCarlos(Brazil) Carlos Ribeiro Instituto Tecnolo´gico de Aerona´utica (Brazil) Francesco Ricci Istituto Trentino di Cultura (Italy) Sandra Sandri Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (Spain) Sandip Sen University of Tulsa (USA) Jaime Sima˜o Sichman Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo (Brazil) Carles Sierra Institut d’Investigacio´ en Intel. Artificial (Spain) Milind Tambe University of Southern California (USA) Patricia Tedesco Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (Brazil) Sergio Tessaris Free University of Bozen-Bolzano (Italy) Luis Torgo University of Porto (Portugal) Andre Valente Knowledge Systems Ventures (USA) Wamberto Vasconcelos University of Aberdeen (UK) Rosa Maria Vicari Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) Renata Vieira UNISINOS (Brazil) Jacques Wainer Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Brazil) Renata Wasserman Universidade de S˜ao Paulo (Brazil) Michael Wooldridge University of Liverpool (UK) Franco Zambonelli Universita` di Modena Reggio Emilia (Italy) Gerson Zaverucha Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) Organization IX Sponsoring Organizations By the publication of this volume, the SBIA 2004 conference received financial support from the following institutions: CNPq Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient´ıfico e Tecnol´ogico CAPES Fundac¸˜ao Coordenac¸˜ao de Aperfeic¸oamento de Pessoal de N´ıvel Superior FAPEMA Fundac¸˜ao de Amparo a` Pesquisa do Estado do Maranha˜o FINEP Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos X Organization Additional Reviewers Mara Abel Juan Heguiabehere Nik Nailah Bint Abdullah Emilio Hernandez Diana Adamatti Benjamin Hirsch Stephane Airiau Jomi Hu¨bner Joa˜o Fernando Alcaˆntara Ullrich Hustadt Teddy Alfaro Alceu de Souza Britto Junior Luis Almeida Branko Kavsek Marcelo Armentano Alessandro Lameiras Koerich Dipyaman Banerjee Boris Konev Dante Augusto Couto Barone Fred Koriche Gustavo Batista Lu´ıs Lamb Amit Bhaya Michel Liqui`ere Reinaldo Bianchi Peter Ljubic Francine Bica Andrei Lopatenko Waldemar Bonventi Gabriel Lopes Fla´vio Bortolozzi Emiliano Lorini Mohamed Bouklit Teresa Ludermir Paolo Bouquet Alexei Manso Correa Machado Carlos Fisch de Brito Charles Madeira Tiberio Caetano Pierre Maret Eduardo Camponogara Grac¸a Marietto Teddy Candale Lilia Martins Henrique Cardoso Claudio Meneses Ariadne Carvalho Claudia Milar´e Andr´e Ponce de Leon F. de Carvalho Ma´rcia Cristina Moraes Ana Casali A´lvaro Moreira Adelmo Cechin Ranjit Nair Luciano Coutinho Marcio Netto Damjan Demsar Andr´e Neves Clare Dixon Julio Cesar Nievola Fabr´ıcio Enembreck Luis Nunes Paulo Engel Maria das Grac¸as Volpe Nunes Alexandre Evsukoff Valguima Odakura Anderson Priebe Ferrugem Carlos Oliveira Marcelo Finger Fla´vio Oliveira Ricardo Freitas Fernando Oso´rio Leticia Friske Fla´vio Pa´dua Arjita Ghosh Elias Pampalk Daniela Godoy Marcelino Pequeno Alex Sandro Gomes Luciano Pimenta Silvio Gonnet Aloisio Carlos de Pina Marco Antonio InsaurriagaGonzalez Joel Plisson Roderich Gross Ronaldo Prati Michel Habib Carlos Augusto Prolo