Acoustics Dictionary ACOUSTICS DICTIONARY QUADRILINGUAL ENGLISH GERMAN FRENCH DUTCH Walter Reichardt 1983 MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS THE HAGUE I BOSTON I LONDON KLUWER TECHNISCHE BOEKEN B.V. DEVENTER Distributors: for the Benelux Kluwer Technical Books B.V./Libresso B.V. P.O. Box 23 7400 GA Deventer The Netherlands ISBN-13: 978-94-009-6789-2 D/1983/0108/50 for the Ullited States alld Canada Kluwer Boston, Inc. 190 Old Derby Street Hingham, MA 02043 USA for all other nOli-socialist cOHntries Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Distribution Center P.O. Box 322 3300 AH Dordrecht The Netherlands ISBN-13: 978-94-009-6789-2 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Reic.hardt, Walter Acoustics dictionary 1. Sound-Dictionaries-Polyglot. 2. Dictionaries, Polyglot. 1. Berends, E.-G. II. Rijnja, H.A.J. III. Title. QC221.5.B47 1982 534'03 82-14108 ISBN-13: 978-94-009-6789-2 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-6787-8 DOl: 10.1007/ 978-94-009-6787-8 In this dictionary, as in reference works in general, no mention is made of patents, trademark rights, or other proprietary rights which may attach to certain words or entries. The absence of such mention, however, in no way implies that the words or entries in question are exempt from such rights. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be translated, reproduced, stored in information retrieval systems, or transmitted, in any form or by any means - electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise - without the prior written permission of the publishers. (c) 1983 Kluwer Technische Boeken B.V.-Deventer, The Netherlands (c) 1983 VEB Verlag Technik, Berlin, German Democratic Republic Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1983 Preface Interest in acoustics continues to increase. Although this branch of science was concerned primarily with the promotion of qualitative and quantitative sound transmission until a few decades ago, emphasis is currently placed also on the limitation of sound nuisance and, by extension, the setting of boundaries for permissible sound levels in places \vhere people are found. This last aspect in particular is exercising more and more influence on the design of buildings and machines, and in town and country planning. In addition, sound vibrations, because of their physical characteristics, are being used increasingly in disparate disciplines such as navigation, medical investigation and non destructive materials research. The flood of publications resulting from this increased interest in acoustics has led to a growing number of people being confronted with terminology which had until quite re cently only been used by a relatively small group of specialists and had remained largely unknown as a result. This four language dictionary, based on 'W. Reichardt, Technische Akustik; Berlin 1979', has been compiled to make not only this literature but also the nomenclature of equipment and instructions for their use accessible to the specialist and the interested layman. As with any multilingual vocabulary, this dictionary also includes only a partial equiv alent for the terms in the different languages in a number of places. In cases where it has proved impossible to find terms which are mutually equivalent, the compilers have used the English term as a standard and have in the first instance compared the terms in the other languages with the English term in question for points of correspondence. The spelling of the Dutch term is based on the 'Woordenlijst van de Nederlandse taal' with the exception of a number of words beginning with 'geluid ... '. On the basis of a resolution taken by the 'Nederlands Akoestisch Genootschap', all these words are written without the intermediary's' including those words which do have an intermediary's' in the 'Woordenlijst van de Nederlandse taal', e. g. 'geluidsfilm', 'geluidsgolf', 'geluids sterkte.' Any comments or suggestions for improvement will be gratefully received by Kluwer Technische Boeken BV, P. O. Box 23, 7400 GA DEVENTER (The Netherlands). Collaborators E.-G. Berends (English and German) lng. F. Lahannier (French) Ir. H. A. J. Rijnja (Dutch) Directions for use 1. The headwords have been placed in a strictly alphabetical order, as illustrated in the examples below distorted waveform sonics distortion factor sonic soldering distortionless microphone sound energy flux distortion of sound sounding board distortion of sound field sound insulation Magnetdraht Rauschanteil magnetischer Tonabnehmer rauschbedingte Wahrnehmungsgrenze magnetisches Mikrofon Rauschen magnetische Tonaufzeichnung Rauschfaktor Magnetkopfjustierung Rauschspannung a amplificateur cOIncidence son creux amplificateur acoustique sondage acoustique a amplificateur large bande sonde acoustique amplificateur aperiodique son de transmission a amplificateur resonance sonde ultrasonique akoestiek absorberen akoestisch beeld absorberende wand akoestische admittantie absorberend materiaal akoestische roostertrilling absorptie akoestisch inactief absorptiecoefficient 2. Abbreviations and symbols used in this dictionary () nonstationary (nonsteady) noise = nonstationary noise or nonsteady noise [ ] spectrum [d ensity] level = spectrum level or spectrum density level j Gleichklangjim = im Gleichklang sonorite pleinejde = de sonorite pleine < > these brackets contain explanations s. = see s. a. = see also <s1> = slang <US> American English ENGLISH 11 acoustic A ABC·test s.A3 A 1 ability to vibrate Schwingfiihigkeit [ faculte [de vibrer mogelijkbeid om te trillen A 2 absence of noise. freedom Rauschfreibeit [ absence [de trouble (bruit afwezigheid van ruis from noise, noiselessness de fond, perturbations) A 3 absolute bone conduction absolute Knochenleitungs- test m de la conduction absolute botgeleidingstest test, ABC-test prillung[ Dsseuse absolue A 4 absolute pitch absolute Tonbohe [<Musik> tonalite [absolue absolute toonboogte A 5 absorb schlucken <Schall> absorber absorberen absorbent s.A 7 A 6 absorber schallschluckende Anord- absorbeur m de son demper nung f. Absorber m A 7 absorbing material, Schallschluckmaterial fl, Inateriau m absorbant, absorberend materiaa! fl absorbent Schallsch!uckstoff "', absorbant m Schluckstoff III A 8 absorbing wall Schallschluckwand f. paroi [absorbante absorberende wand Schluckwand[ A 9 absorption Absorption [ absorption[ absorptie A 10 absorption coefficient Schluckgrad m, Absorp- coefficient In d'absorption absorptiecoefiicient tionsgrad In A11 absorption discontinuity Absorptionssprung II! discontinuite [(seui! Ill) sprong in de absorptie d'absorption A 12 absorption loss Absorptionsdiimpfungs- pertes [pi par absorption absorptieverlies n mailn A 13 absorption trap Absorptionssinke [ faille [(trou m) d'absorption absorberende val A 14 absorptive surface Schluckflache [ surface [absorbante absorberend oppervlak n A 15 acceleration level Bcschieunigungspegellll niveau In d'acceleration versnellingspei! n A 16 acceleration pick. . up Beschleunigungsempfanger senseur tn d'acceleration versnellingsopnemer III <Aufnehmer> A 17 acceleration transducer Beschleunigungsalunehmer transducteur m d'accelcra- versnellingstransducent In tion A 18/19 accelerometer Beschleunigungsmesser III accelerOInetre t1l accelerometer accent s. A 21 i[ A20 accent Betonung f. Hervorhebung accent m accent A21 accentuate, accent akzentuieren, verdeutlicheu, accentuer beklemtonen betonen, hervorheben A22 accentuation Akzentuierung [ accentuation f beklemtoning A23 accidental printing Kopiereffekt In effet m de copie accidente1 doordrukeffect n, echo- effect n A24 accordion Akkordeon n accordeon m accordeon n A25 accumulating stimulus einschleichender Reiz m, excitation f accwnulative accumulatieve prikkeling Einschleichreiz '" A26 acetate disk Azetatschallplatte [ disque m acetate acetaatplaat ackouomefer s. A28 A27 acoulalion Sprachrohr n <fiir Schwer- cornet In acoustique pour spreekboorn horigenunterricht> l'education de sourds partiels A28 acoumeter, ackouometer, Akumeter n, Horsch arfe- acoumetre m gehoorscherptemeter acoutometer messer m A29 acoumetric, acounl0- akumetrisch acoumetrique akoemetrisch nletric A30 acoumetry Akumetrie f. Horscharfe- aCOW11etric f akoemetrie messung f. Cochlearis- priifung[ acoumometric s. A29 A31 acoupedics Akupadie f. Akupadiatric [ acoupedie[ akoepedie acouphone s.H38 A32 acousia Horsinnm sens II! auditif gehoorzin A33 acousma Horhalluzination [ acousmie[ gehoorhallucinatie A34 acoustic admittance akustische Admittanz f. admittance [acoustique akoestische admittantie FluBadmittanz f. aku- stischer Leitwert m acoustical absorption s. S 166 coefficient A35 acoustical balance Hallbalance [ balance [acoustique akoestische balans A36 acoustical curren1 SchallfluB Ill, akustischer courant", (flux Ill) acous- akoestische flux Strom m tique A37 acoustical homing akustische Zielsuchvorrich- appareil In de localisation akoestisch doelzoekend device tung [ acoustique apparaat n A38 acoustical in!Julation Schallisolationsmaterial n materiau m d'insonorisation geluidisoierend materiaal n material A39 acoustical lattice vibra- akustische Gitterschwingung vibration [acoustique de akoestische roostertrilling tion [ grille A40 acoustically inactive schalltot, akustisch unwirk- acoustiquement neutre akoestisch inactief sam (inactif) A41 acoustically inert akustisch reaktionstrage acoustiquement inert akoestisch traag A42 acoustical mass, acoustic akustische Masse [ masse [acoustique akoestische massa mass A43 acoustical propagation Schallausbreitungskonstante constante [acoustique de akoestische voortplantings- constant [ propagation constante A44 acoustical reactance akustische Reaktanz f. FluB- reactance f acoustique akoestische reactantie reaktanz[ A45 acoustical reciprocity akustischer ReziproziUitssatz tMoreme m de reciprocite theorema n van akocstische theorem m acoustique reciprociteit A46 acoustical resistance akustische Resistanz f. FluB- resistance f acoustique akoestische \veerstand resistanz f. akustischer Widerstand III A47 acoustical speech power Sprechleistung[ puissance f acoustique akoestisch vernlogen n van spraak A48 acoustic altimeter akustischer H6hcmnesser m altunctre m acoustique akoestische hoogtemeter A49 acoustic amplifier akustischer Verstarker m ampIificateur m acoustique akocstische versterker A50 acoustic attenuation akustischer Dampfungs- COllstante f d'attenuation akocstische verzwakkings- constant koeffizient III acoustique factor acoustic 12 A 51 acoustic Quditorium akustische Gestaltung f von anlenagclnent til acoustique akoestisch antwerp 11 van design Vortragsraumen d'auditorium gehoorzalen A 52 acoustic baffle Schallwand[ baffle m acoustique akoestisch schenll 11 A 53 acoustic beati ng akustische Schwebungen fpl battement m acoustique akoestisdlC zwevingen pI A 54 acoustic board Schalldammplatte I paroi I amortissante geluiddempende plaat A 55 acoustic buoy Heulboje[ bauee f acoustique brulboei A 56 acoustic centre, effective akustisches Zentrulll It centre III acoustique, centre akoestisch middelpunt 11 acoustic centre acoustique effectif A 57 acoustic chamber schallabsorbierender chambre I (enceinte f) stille kamer Rauul m acoustique A 58 acoustic circuit element akustisches Schaltelement II cIeulcnt ttl de circuit akoestisch schakelelement 11 acoustique A 59 acoustic clarifier Klangreiniger 11! epureur 111 de son toonzuiveraar A 60 acoustic compliance akustische Nachgiebigkeit [ souplesse f acoustique akoestische samendruk- baarheid A 61 acoustic concentration Schallblindelung I concentration f acoustiqllc bundeling van geluid A 62 acoustic consultant akustischer Berater HZ conseiller m acoustique akoestisch adviseur A 63 acoustic control Schallsteuerung I contr61e ttl acoustique akoestiscbe bediening acoustic control s. a. N33 A 64 acoustic controUer akustischer RegIer Ill, regleur m (contr6Ieur Ill) akoestische regelaar akustisches Stellglied 11 acoustique A 65 acoustic corrector Verzugsrechner II! <Schall- correcteur m acoustique (de looptijdconlpensator ortung> ddai) A 66 acoustic countermeas .. LarmabwehrmaBnahmen mesures Ivl de lutte contre nlaatregelen pI tegen ures Ipl Ie bruit geluidhinder A 67 acoustic damping Schalldampfung [ attenuation f sonore geluiddemping A 68 acoustic delay line akustische Verzogerungs- ligne f de retard acoustiqne akoestische vertragingslijn leitungi A 69 acoustic depth finder, Echolot" sonde I [acoustiquel a echo echolood 11 fathometer A 70 acoustic depth sounding. Echolotung [ sondage l1l acoustique, echo- echopeiling echo depth sounding, sandage lit echo sounding A 71 acoustic detecting Horchgerat It appareil '" de dstection luisterapparaat n apparatus acoustique A 72 acoustic detector akustisches Ortungsgerat " dctecteur m acollstique akoestische detector A 73 acoustic dispersion Dispersion I von Schall- dispersion f acoustique akoestischc dispersie wellen, akustische Disper- (d'ondes sonores) sion A 74 acoustic duct, auditory Gehorgang >II canal til auditif gehoorgang canal (meatus), acoustic meatus A 75 acoustic efficiency akustischer Wirkungsgrad III rendernent In acoustique akoestisch rendelnent n A 76 acoustic elasticity akustische Federung I eIasticite f acoustique akoestische slapheid acoustic engineering s. A 268 A 77 acoustic excitation akustische Erregung I excitation f acoustique akoestische aanstoting (Anregung f) A 78 acoustic feedback, howl- akustische Rlickkoppluug I reaction f acol1stique akoestische terugkoppeling round A 79 acoustic field impedance Feldimpedanz I impedance [ de champ akoestische impedantie acoustique A 80 acoustic field resistance Feldresistanz [ resistance I de champ akoestische weerstand acoustique A 81 acoustic figures Schwinglmgsfiguren fpl figures [Vi de Chladni trillingspatronen pi A 82 acoustic flowmeter U1traschalldurchflnBmesser flU.'"(o111ctre In a ultra-sons akoestische stronlingsmeter >II A 83 acoustic funnel Schalltrichter III cornet 111 (pavilion Ill) geluidtrechter acoustique A 84 acoustic grating akustisches Gitter It grille f acoustique akoestisch rooster 1l A 85 acoustic homing akustische Zielansteuerung f localisation f (orientation f) akoestische doelgeleiding acoustique, recherche f acoustique de but A 86 acoustician Akustiker m, Toningenieur acousticien m, ingenieur In akoesticlls m du son A 87 acoustic image akustisches Bild It image f acoustique akoestisch beeld " A 88 acoustic impedance akustische Impedanz [, impedance f acoustique (de akoestische inlpedantic FluBimpedanz [ flux) A 89 acoustic impedance tube akustisches Impedanzrohr n tube m d'lmpedance geluidmeetpijp acollstiqlle A 90 acoustic inductance akustische Induktivitat I inductance I acoustique akoestische inductantie A 91 acoustic inert (inertia) akustische Tragheit [, inertie f acoustique akoestische traagheid Schallharte I A 92 acoustic inlet Einsprache [, Einsprechoff- entree f acoustique geluidopening nung f <des Mikrofons> A 93 acoustic insulation Schalldammung [ Isolation f acoustique akoestischc isolatie A 94 acoustic interactions aknstische Wechselwirkl1n- interactions fpl acoustiques akoestische wisselwerkingen gen [pi pi A 95 acoustic interferometer Schallinterferometer It interfer01lletre m acoustiqlle akoestischc interfer01l1eter A 96 acoustic intrusion akustischer Einbruchschutz alanne f acoustique anti- akoestische inbraakbevcili- protection III effraction ging A 97 acoustic leakage, acoustic Schallstreul1ng [ pertes [pi acoustiques, geluidverstrooiing scattering, scattering of dispersion f acollstique sound (sonore, du son) A 98 acoustic lens akustische Linse [ !entille I acoustique akoestische lens acoustic mass s. A42 acoustic meatus s. A 74 A 99 acoustic memory, akustischer Speicher 111, nlenloire f acoustique akoestisch geheugen 11 acoustic storage UItraschallspeicher III A 100 acoustic mirage akustische Spiegelung I reflexion f acoustique geluidspiegeling A 101 acoustic mixer Tonnlischer m 1l1eIangeur m de sons geluidmengtafel A 102 acoustic mobility akustischer Mitgang 1Il~ mobilite I acoustique akoestische beweeglijkheid FluBnlitgang In A 103 acoustic mode Schwingungsmode [ mode >II acoustique (oscilla- trillingswijze toire) 13 active A 104 acoustic nerves Homerven mpl nerf m acoustique gehoorzcnuwen pI A 105 acoustic non .. specular nichtspiegelnde akustische rcflcxion facoustique non niet-spiegelende geluidweer- reflection Reflcxionf spcculaire kaatsing A 106 acousticon Horgerat n appareil m d'ecoute hoortoestel n A 107 acousticophobia Akustophobie J. Gerausch- acousticophobie f lawaaivrees angstf A 108 acoustic organ stop akustisches Orgelrcgister n registre m acoustique akoestisch orgclregister n d'orgue A 109 acoustic orientation akustische Ortung J. SchaII- orientation f acoustique richtingzocken met geluid ortungf acoustic oscillation s. S 252 A 110 acoustic output SchaIIeistung J. akustische puissance f acoustique de akoestisch uitgangsver- Ausgangsleistung f sortie 1110gCll n A 111 acoustic panel SchaIIwand J. SchaIlschirm panneau In acoustique akoestisch panee! n III A 112 acoustic pattern Klangbild n itnage f acoustique klankbceld n A 113 acoustic perception, akustische Empfindung perception f du son akoestische perceptie sound perception (Wahrnehmung) J. SchaII- empfindung J. SchaII- wahrnchmung f A 114 acoustic phase constant akustischer Phasenkoeffi- constante f (angle //I) de akoestische faschoek zient III (Phasenwinkel m) phase acoustique AIlS acoustic plaster schaIIschluckender Putz II! revetclnent III absorbant geluiddempendc bekleding (insonorisant) A 116 acoustic power SchaIIeistung f puissance f acoustique geluidvennogen /I A 117 acoustic power cancen- SchaIIeistungsblindelung J. foealis.tion f de puissance bundeling van geluidvcrmo- fration SchaIIblindelungsgr.d m sonare gen acoustic pressure s. S 222 A 118 acoustic pressure SchaIIdruckaufnehmer II! lecteur ttl de pression geluiddrukopnemer detector acoustique A 119 acoustic probe Gehorsonde J. Horprlifsonde sonde f acoustique geIuidsonde f A 120 acoustic propagation akustischer Ausbreitungs- coefficient ttl. de propagation ge!uidvoortpIantingscoeffi- coefficient koeffizient 1Jl acoustique dent A 121 acoustic properties of a Horsan1keit f dnes RaUlllCS audibilite f d'une piece akoestische eigenschappen pI room (salIe) van cen kamer A 122 acoustic pulse akustischer 11l1puls m impulsion f acoustique geluidstoot A 123 acoustic radiation SchaIlstrahlungsdruck II! pression f de rayonnement akoestische straIingsdruk pressure acoustique A 124 acoustic radiator SchaIIstrahler III diffuseur In (emetteur m) geluidstraIer acollStique A 135 acoustic radiometer SchaIIstrahlungsmesser //I radiometre In acoustique akoestische stralingsmeter A 126 acoustic ray, sound beam SchaIIstrahl III rayon ttl acoustique geluidbundel A 127 acoustic reception, sound SchaIIempfang 111, SchaIIauf- reception f du son ontvangst van gelnid reception nahmef A 128 acoustic reflection SchaIIreflexion f reflexion f acoustique weerkaatsing van geluid A 129 acoustic reflex akustischer Reflex 111, reflek- refle.."{c ttl acoustique de akoestische reflex torische Kontraktion f l'o reille interne der Innenohrmuskeln A 130 acoustic refraction akustische Brechnng f refraction !sonore akoestische refractie A 131 acoustic regeneration SchaIIrlickkopplung f couplagc rn acoustique en terugkoppcling van geIuid retour, accrochage m acoustique A 132 acoustic reproduction Klangwiedergabe J. SchaII- reproduction f sonore ge!uidweergave wiedergabe f (acoustiquc) A 133 acoustic resonator SchaIIresonator rn resonateur In acoustique akoestische resonator A 134 acoustics Akustik J. SchaIItechnik J. acoustiquc f. technique f du akoestiek Tontechnik f son acoustic scattering s. A97 A 135 acoustic shadow SchaIIschatten III ombre f acoustiquc geluidschaduw A 136 acoustic shock KnaIl III choc In acoustique knal A 137 acoustic short circuit akustischer KurzschluB III court-circuit m acoustique akoestische kortsluiting A 138 acoustic slow motion akustische Zeitdehnung f. etalement III de la propaga- vertraagde wecrgave gedehnter SchaIIabIanf In tion, extension f dll tclnps de parcours acoustics of a room s. R 184 acoustic source s. S 244 A 139 acoustic stiffness akustische Steife J. Scha11- inertie f acoustique akoestische stiifheid <obsolete> harte f <veraltet> A 140 acoustic stimulus SchaIlreiz til excitation f acoustique akoestische stimulus acoustic storage s. A99 A 141 acoustic streaming akustische Glcichstromung f flux 111 acoustique continu akocstische stroming A 142 acoustic stress SchaIIdruck til pression f sonore akoestische druk A 143 acoustic survey SchaIIliberwachung f surveillance f acoustique akoestische bewaking A 144 acoustic tile SchaIIdiimmstein HI brique fabsorbant Ie brnit akoestischc tege! A 145 acoustic transmission SchaIIlibertragungssystcm n systeme m de transnlission systeem n voor ovcrdracht system acoustique van geluid A 146 acoustic transmissivity SchaIIdurchlaBgrad "', dcgrc m de permeabilite akoestische doorlaatbaarhcid SchaIIlibertragungsgrad III acoustique A 147 acoustic trauma akustisches Tranma n, Hor- traumatisme m acoustique akoestisch trauma n verlust //I acoustic velocity s. S 251 A 148 acoustic viscosimeter akustischer Viskositatsmesser viscosilnetre til acoustique akocstische viscositnetcr II! A 149 acoustic viscous bound- akustische Zahigkeitsgrenz- viscosite f aconstiqne des akoestisch viskeuse grensl.ag ary layer schichtf couches de separation AlSO acoustic wave filter akustisches Filter n filtre In acoustique akoestisch goiffiltcr /I A 151 acousti meter Gerauschlnesser m sonomctre m, aCollstimetre 11t geIuidmeter acoutometer s. A28 A 152 action of acoustic akustische Resonanz- effet HI de resonance werking van de akoestische resonance wirkungf acoustique resonantic A 153 action of ultrasound! UltraschaIlwirkung f effct In d'ultra-sons werking van ultrageluid A 154 active sonar Aktiv-Sonar n sonar m actif actieve sonar A 155 active transducer aktivcr Ubertrager lIZ transducteur m actif actieve transducent