- ACOlviA GRANIMAR AND TEXTS DY WICK R. :VIILLl\1( UK11VERSt'rV 0 1'' CAl..If'ORNIA I'R.J:Ss :OEl<KE~"V ANI) ~OS ANOELllS I '}(,S AII•••QI"l' &illlllr•t 'A'. 11, UuU, l:, D. C~. .~ ll•"- M. 1), Cm~nl!ol~ M. It, fh,IU:I, H,.rTY llo11,,., ll l., 01l:lut•4, It t'.lll'lrh•U v. ..... .., APfl,..,.t'd !:Or l"•t-lluc~<•" .!l<ofl""'*''" t1, Ltn l_..u•U J1111• Jll, lOG' ....I ce. 1) 00 ""-'veull.f 11t Ca!Ubi'I'IIA PI'~~· Dt:-i•l•ei o.u.tu l..o-•. A lfC'rlu C'un1trU11• Ullh•r.ltJ .Prr-.11 l,OI\olt.ll. ISIA,II.IIIUI CONTENTS lntroductiOfl ....• ,, •.••..••••••••••••••• , , , , ••• , • , . . . . . • • . . . • • • . . • • l Bibliography ································--··················· 3 GRAMMAR 100. Phonology • • • • • • • • • . . . • . • . • . . . • . • • • . • • . • . . . • • • . . . . • • • • • • • • . • • 1 110. Pl'oncJnes ..•....•..••..••••. •..•.•.•.•.... •• .....•.•.. i 120. Oistrlbution • . . • • • • . • • • . • • . . . • • • • • • . • . . . . . • . . • . • • • • • • • 8 130. Pbonetfes ••...•..... - ..• , ......• , •......•.•.••.•••••.. 12 14(), .rune~\u'e anti tet<ntlnal tonlOurs , •••.••• , •••••...•.•••. . 18 200. 1\fo.:-pltophonomtcs , , ••...••.•.•• , .•••.•••.•••••.••••••••••••.. ~ l 210. Ordered rule•.... • . . . • • • • • . . . .•••...•.•.....••.... %5 J. J7,nal morphophonemic cousonn.nts ••....•.•••.••..•• 2f• 2. Tho roplocJ •• morphopboncme l q ................. 40 n. n. ............ 3. Ae<><>nl <hangea with {gil). {·saa). 41 •1. A~(;cnt c:hangt'l w1th (·sto~o~). (.cw} ................. •ol 5. The morpbophoncmica of the tbcmnHe prefbea , .... 45 G. 1\ocent C-hangafl of thematic eyllablo~J ... , •....• , •... $1 7. The morpbophonernlc• of the number prt'hxcs• •••••• 51 8. Con::;ona.nt;:U changeR with: the plurnl J)rcCI}( ...•..... 65 9. Thcmatle: syUDble cxp.:mslc>n, symboU~ed (TSE), ..... G? 10, Seeondr~ry eoarticu1atfon morpbophonemce: 1.r. J, Q. All ................................. 10 ll. Prlmnry eoartleutatlon morphophonemu: u• • ·• J u .................................... 72 12. ltetronex con110nanta ortd p:\.laial atop$ before Cront vowels .... , ....••...•.•....••.•..•••..•• 7G L3. Vowel c:ontraction$., ••..•••...••..•..••.••••••.... 11 14. Medial ctottol atop ond \o"OWtl c::hanfft-8.. • •••.•••••• 79 II 15. 'fhu brtrmonlc vovrcl VJI ••......•....... .••••..••• 70 16. The 84:qllenceJ I"'Ull and l,iuft ....... ···-· ....... 80 I v vi CON'I'BNTS I• lui 1•1 .............. 11 Chrulg. . from to Md 80 lB. JlcdupUcative und length ntOt'jlhOmf'S , • , . , , , , •.• , , l10 19. Accent nblaut II< ·HI. :~r~d accent abhJut w1tl1 le"ith lll"ll .............. ............... 81 20. ACI.!Cnt etmngcs wllh v.:u·h\\.11~ length II: II . , ....... , 6?. 21. Onacc:enlcd .short syUabl~• before £lottalh. ..~ d eonaonllnt.s. • •••••••••••..•.••••.....••..•....• 83 n. Accent aoRS ••• , , , , •• , , • , , • , , •.•• , , , •• , •,. , , ••• , , 1,13 23. Accent chnnge11 with glottAL stop , ••• , , , • • • ••••• , • 85 24. Internal word juncture . . , ...... , . . . . . . . • . ...•. , . 88 25. Long eyHa.bles hMorc jun~t ure ...••..... , , . . , .... , 00 26. CloUal AQCrot pluo glotlnllzcd sonarnnts •••..•••..• 90 27. Clonal oce~n' ..- orying w.ith ralhnr. iiCCt:nt •••••••••• 90 2ft. AccP1\t1 on shOrl sylltsld\'• .... , •••..... , .....•. .. 00 29. 'l'hc a.Rph•ation o( O(:cluslvet; ••....••....••.••... .• 90 30. The glonnhz.ation of soooro.nt& ••••••••••••••••.•.• 01 220. Summl'lry of thft rnorphophoncmlcs ..• , •.•...•••.•... .. .. 03 2:J(), A.lloiUOrphy of the pronominal pt•cCi.xe.a •• , ••••. , ••• , . • . • 9!1 2o10. Al!omorph.y of the plural suffix ••••••..••....• ~ .•••..•• l01 300. Ltli'Oducuon to the g1•nmroar ••....••. ,. ....••.••...•••.. , ...•. llO 400. V crb 1 heme• ••........•...••..•..••••...• • ••••.•.•••••••. ••• I J 3 •liO. Th~1nn1tc d£.'1'1Valioo •••...•••..•• , . ••••••..••.••.••.•. 113 "20. lnfini\iYes .••• , ••••••••• , ••••.•.•.• , .•• , •..•..••... ••. 122 430. JnOcctlon •••.•. , ..•.••..•.••• 123 o • ••• • • ••• o •• , •• o, ••• ••• •l10. Nonthomntic t~urri.xes •.. ,. o • • • • • • •••• • ••••••• o •• o ••• o •• 125 4&0. CloealC1catory verbs •••••••••• l32 o ••••••••••••••••••••• ,. oiGO. Au)Clliary verb& ••• , ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , • , .••• 1l5 470. Pcrlplu·asttu coosh·ucttons 141 500. Noun theme• .....•. , •.....••...•..•.•.••..•...••. , ..•••.•.• 144 1)10. Iualiennbly p01J6U&scti uoun& , •••••••• • ••.••••. •••• •• ..• 14.-1 $20. Amhlvalents ••••..•••••••••••••. •••.•...•••••••••••..• 146 530. lnDeetlon . ....................... ............ .... .... . 1·17 ..... . ::.~o. Plural of HUUrlt 11l8 ··~·· ······~···················· 148 560. lnOc<Uon of •6dyu. •Myuy6 ..••••••••.•. , ............. 1<9 EIOO. Derivation., ..•....••••••••••••••••••••..•..••.•...•••. , •... ISO 610. Compounds ..••.•.•.•••••....•••••••.•••.••.••••••.••• 1$0 CON"I'I:;N'TS vii 620. 1•'orma1iOn of Vt' rb stems lSI &30. Auxlllary complements ,, ••..• ·o····••• •oo.o-· ....••.•• 153 640 • .Nomlntll dt!dVJHton .•. •. o •••••••... .. .. o o .. -~ ....• o ..• JGO GSO. AUv~.:rhlnl c.lcrlvntlon , •.. o. o I ••••••• •••••••• • • • • •••• ••• 165 . ' ........... 660. '('h!,! prefix r~o- 0. 0 •••••••••••••• 0 •••••• • 1'72 700. SyrtLax 173 o ••• o ••••••••••••••••••• o •••• , •••••••••••• • ••••••• ••• 710, })r·ortlcutlon o •• , •••• , 1, • •• , , • • • ; ••• • • • o ••••••••••••••• 173 120. Tnl'lnHive phc·n•u• •..• o,,. o •••• o ••••••••••••••••• o. l76 0 ••• '730. No\JJ'\ phrases • o •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •••••••••• 17& '7-10. Adverbs ................ o •• 0 ••• • ••••••• , •••••••• , ••••• 179 750. Corljunctl.ons •.••..... ••. , ......••• o. o, ••••••••• , •••• , l82 160. Subordin:ttion •. , •..••..••..••••.•..••...••• , •••. , , ••• l63 110. lndotlnitc--inlerrocattves ••.•• o ••••••••••••••••••••••• • • 185 'l'l:":XTS t.nlroduction to the tcxLc; ... , • 18.9 o ..... ........... 0 • 0 • ••••••••• • •••• , •• I. Bo.pfuing,. , ....••• , ••....... •• •...•......•..•.•••.•.•. 191 o ••• 2. AU Soul a• Ony . ......•• , .• , ..... 200 o •• ,, •• o •••••••••••••••••••••• 3. The Parlah Prluat •• , , • , , •. , , .••... , .. , .• , .. , . 202 o , ••• , ••••••••• 4. St. Stephuu'l Day .••..•....•...••• , , ••.•.•..••••.....••••••.. 202 ~. Chicken Pull on S•n JWI.n's D•y ..... ......................... 264 G. Around .Acorn a ••••..•• o •• , ••• ~ ••• , ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 206 '7. Whnt We Uwad to Oo a.1 !Gds (i:\11'8· Vn_Ucy) .•.••.••• ,, ,,, o •••• , ZOO A. What We U.ucd to Do 01J I<Jds (~1ra. Hnn.scn nnd Mr•s. Ltm) •••.. 208 9o Cro·Ning Up •••.••••.•..••••.••.• 210 0 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10. When I V•aa a Guide at Aeomn .................. , ••••••••••••. 2t2 II. Sellin& Pottery ....••... ~· .••• , ••• , , •• , ••••• ,,. ,., •• , ,,, ..• , • 214 1~. A Trip to Mt. 'l'aylor. ......... ............ ....... , ........... 214 IJ, Prairie Ooga ........•... 216 o ••••• o •• , ••••• o•• • • • o • • • ••• o • •••••• I .f. Snow •.•••. , ...•••..• ,. • •••.•••.. o •••••••••••••••••••• o ••••• 21G 1~. Calhe>lnlt S!lh ··••••••o•••••••••••••···•···••••·····•~······. 216 16, Picking Prickly Penrs., •..•.••• ,,, ....• ,, •..• ,, •• , •... 2l0 l • ••••• l7. l'vlaking Sol\P, .......•. , •. , ••.• ·•· .......... , ....••••.••• 218 o •••• l8. lndlan l'lotedlc:\nc ••••••••• 218 o •••••••••••••••••• ,, •••••••••••••••• 19. School. ...••••.•.............•••.•••••••.........••••••...•.. 220 20. Co,,•boy 1..1 fc ns a l(ld •• , .•.....•.• , ••...•..•.•...• 220 o • ••••• , ••• 21, Cictunc o l)r·um Qt Cochttl ••• ~ •••••••••••••.• o ••••••• •••••• , •• 22.2 22. [t"rtgalion Oit<"hcs •••• o., •••• o,. o •• , . .......................... 222 23. Pl:antlng ••• , , •.•• , . 22-f o ••••••••••••••••••••••• , ••••••••••••••••• viii CONTF.N'l'S 24o l:farvo8l •• o. o o o o o ••. o ••••..•.• o •••••• 22'4 0, • ••••••••••• 0 •• 0 •••• 0 • 25. GrindJng Corn ••••...•..•••.••. , . , ••. , , .•• .,_, .•• , .• •., .•••... 226 0 20. Corntnuol i\1unh ••••.•.• , •... , . , •...•..•..•... , • , ..• , . , .••.. , , 22& 21. TortUlns (and A Warn tnt) ...••.••••••••..••••••• o ............. 226 28. Stuffed Tripe • , •••••..• , ....... .......... , .•...•....... , ••... . 228 20. Pgttor•y ••• ,,. o •.. , o o,, o,,.,,.,, ••• • •••• ,,, ••••• ,, ••••• o.,, ••. 228 30. Pouc:ry Patnt• .....•. o •• o •••••••••••••••••• o •••••••••• o •••••• 230 :JI, Hunting ..... , ••....• , ........................... , . o., . , o.,, ••• 230 32. Tropu nnd SutLrc.s ..•.....••• 2J2 o •••••••••••••• ••••••••••••• o .. , . , 33. Building Houses ...... , ••.......... .....................•..... 234 34. Shinll)' •••..••••••••• , ..•.• , , ••.•• , , ••••. , ......... , ..... , .... 230 3!L ·rargcl l:'t'actico .. , •... 240 o • • , • ••••••• • ••••••••••••••••• • •••• •••• 36. Stick Rating •••••.•••• o ••••••••• o •• o ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 242 37 o Growlng Up tn the Old D<lyS. ................. ............ , .... 244 3R, The Jllrth oC tho War Twlno ............................. , .... 246 11\TRODUCTION The lndinn pueblo of Ac:omo le located ln Kew Mexlco, about elxt7 miles woat or Albuquerque. The pueblo was bul1t on a mraA tOI> to off'cr pro tt:otlon from th~ NavaJo and AJ)ncbe. ·rodny moiit or the AconHJN Hve in thu nonrhy tnrmJng colonlco of Ar.:o.tn1ta ond McCilt'liC~. nnd rfltur·n to Acoma only tor apeci.al occaaions. Only n few of lh~ Older people live permanently at Aeoma. ~re are approxl mat ely two thousand Acoma lndl•ns. <'lftd virllially all of them are nr~tive speakcra of Acomo. Acoma belongs to !hC Korea langut•(JIJ r~ntily, whtoh lm::lude& lllao t>lx other closely related !anguaees or dialect•. Laguna. u Keres pueblo to tate<! n few mllea to the vdt, (s ACOma1a e-lose&t ncl&hbor. Lagun3 and Aeoma. are mutually intelUgtbJe. The other five Kerua~ pueblos arc lo cntod In the RICI Grande Valley to the eo(Jt. and north. Coehiti ta the moat no.rtbcrn ot the Kcroa pueblos. . and lt dlttcry more frorn Acoma thun any other Keres hmguaae. CochlU and Acoma nre mut\Ully lntelli gf.ble only if tht ~Speakers have had col\llderablc opportunity to hoar eneh othcr•s languo.g(.\, There io a gr~d~1a.1 tr"&n!:dtion tn lhc Keres hmguace t'amlly from Cochiti in tho no•·th to A<:orna in the weoi {sco Oavlft. 1959). Keres is not known to be related to any Olher l&nguage group. ~plr placed Keres ln the Rok:an-Slounn st.o<;k. but evidence ta still l.acklng. There arc three other J.nnau.:..ge r.amtl les roprcsontcd hl the pueblo OJ'O{I, namely Zufll. 'l~;lnOatl. tll1d Uto·A'tlUCnn. zunl ({I spoken til lt\0 •J.ncle pueblo of the anme nnme ln we.!lltCrn New Mt>xlc:o. The Tanoan lar~auages a~ •poken al a number or pueblos ln the Rio Gr-a.ndl!! Valley and form A more dh•ercUled family than Kere$. Uto•A.'Z.tec-:m tH ropr~· semcd by lbc Uopl langu,:~go. upoken nt n number of pu(lhlOs 1u north (I{I$1Crn .4rll:Ono. Acoma h~ bc:en in eoo\act with other pueblo groups Cor some Ume. probably at JeOHl since \he bcftinoing of tho pueblo erol, some rt!teen hundred 1.() two thousand yt~rara ugo. Thore has bct:n much c:ult•u•nl bor &"()wlng blll surpdnlngly lliOo linguistic llOr••owiug, Acoma hoa hccn In contaca with SJ•tuli&h lor over \hree centurles and haR borrowed morE: rrom that t..anRunge than [rOnl neigbborlnR pueblo language$ (MiUcr, IO~r:.ob. I t I 2 ACm1A CRAM MAll AND 1'EXTS 1060). On the othf'r"' hand, lh~! more recen1 contoei wllh Eogliah in the put one hundred y~;ars h~uJ rcsu1h:d 1n vel")' little bc>J"rowing. 'fberc ttt·c n few monoUr\(tua.l Acomns. mOtH of whom nl'C oldCJr wutucn. Spuntsh I. Bpoken by a few or the older people. but the lnngv.ase Is .5C:I· dom used 10day~ and CIJ>paren11y it wna mwc1• lUi common at Acoma nu lt was In tho Rlo Gronde puoblos. 'l'ho "'a.jorit}' or lhe AcomaA have been to the lndb.n Service scboole o.nd •ptok Engllnh. What e1o•entunl drect t':nttlisb wUJ Mve on the nntlve laJ)IfUage remnins to be seen, bul. il con bo predlclod tlun tt ~A'ill bu conHid\!I"Jible. lr• t940 nOlle of the first gro<le children 01 Aeomitn Day School spoke Englleh when they emered school. Today a few of thl! (i n;l grader's already spook some Englh;:h. but Ac omo lit fHill lholr first lunguagc. (See Fox, 1959, (or a.n execllent occount or language usc and f\lneuon at Cochiti: dte situat.!on at Acoma ia probably •lmUar to that "'' Coc::hSti. e-xcept for the ·~o~lt.iOI\ or SJ)linlsh.) The puvblo orca Is ethtlOgr.apht(:olly one or the best known nren-s iu North America north oi Mexico. Llncui&tic:ally, it ia one of Uu: le3sl. knO'tl\.'U, and Keres lB the tcn~l kOOWil or lbe four pueblo laoguoge famillca. Tho f.irat flCl'iOus llng\.ltstic work wa.o •Jonc by Soati (1023. 19:l5. 1928). Spencer (l 046) attcmp1ed to pre.senl a phouc:mic: tln:ll,y•la which wotJld ac eoun: for o.ll the dhtlecuc. Unfortunotcty~ mnny tmporlant phonemic dis• UnCtions ;u•o igno••cd. The Only thorough trontmcut or 0 KereA hwgunge hnll been done: by OavU; (in preNs). My fit:ld work was done cntlre1y In the San Fr:mclNco 8.-y Arc:1 rrosn 1U5G tQ I 059, tmdor gro.nlo from tho UniveruHy Patcul (!'wtd nnd Lhe 01.1· purtmenl or LinguJAUes. Unlversity of Calllorni3: al Berkeley. Most of the Cicld work wu done wllh Anne JIBnsen, an Acoma ape:.ker who wae then .aboul thirty-t1vo yeat·s old. Topc•rc.coJ•dcd 1cxto were oblinued rrom Mrs. Hanten, t~.s well 36 rrom other Acomn 8pcakere Uving in or vialUng the S:m Francisco Ray Areo.: Andraw L.cwie. Margarf!1 L1m, Bell L.e"'1w, M<try UinL£n (brother nnd alflle1·s or Mrs. Ho.mic-n), George Om·cin, M(lry Valley. a.nd her d•U~hter Huth V31lcy. tUl o! the texttJ were transcribed with the help of Mre. Uanaen, and all of the crammnltcaJ nott'IR were obtnincd from MJ•tt. Jlnnseu. The phon<!mic tulnJysia 18 hasod on matcrlnl tram Y...tra. H:msen Qlld f\>tr8. Lim. Tbe grammar Ia a rcvlalon o! my dtssertD.tion subminerl to the Gradu aHJ Division o£ lhe: Urtiverslty of Caltfornta. lu partiaJ t~o.tiahu:tlon or lht:: z•equtcemcnta Cor the degree or Ooclor of Phllosoph.J' In 1962. Grateful t.hnnks aro due to th.e mcmber.!t or the com"'lttce, :\1ory lt. H,1ns, Murray B. En\encnu. o:ld P'ronciu .1. \-Vhltftl.lld, ror lhuir sum_:Mtions nnd po.tiouce: to my wHe tor her patience: and to lhc Acowu spea.kers. whoet> 'A•illJn,a co&peration made this grammar pcuus:lble. - BJB UOCRA PIIY uona, Frn.n~ 1923. •A Kcres:!n Text.• lnternaUonnl Journal of American L.inguis tlC$, VoL 2, pp. J7l•l80. 102~. Keresan Texts. American J::thuologic:.J Soelcfy Publlc!Dtion.!J, Vol. e. Pt. 2. 1928. Kercta.n Text•. Amer-ic:a.n Ethnological Soei~ty PubUealloi'\S. Vol. I, Pt. I. Dnvlu, Jrvin~; 1059, "Linguistic Clue:• to Nor-thorn tHo Gt·andc Prehistory,'' El P.alnrio, Vol. GG, pp. 73•64. "nlo L3!''lg\:agc o( Sa.n~a Ano Pueblo. Bureou of Amerlca.n Ethnology, BuJ1(llln (in pre•••· Pox, .J. R. 1950. "II. Note OJJ Coc.hl tl Llngu[J;llC¥." in Chn rles U. Lnngc, Cochiti. A Ne:w Me.r1to Pueblo, Paal and Present. Aue.tin: Unlvtr6hy of Tt1xas Prctu. Appendl,x No. H, 1)J), 557·512. Cntschet, Albert S. 1876. ZwCM Spt·~tbcn aus dcm SOdwestet·n Nord~amerikas (J,ueblo uod Apache-Mund•rum: Tonto, Tonkawa, Olgger. Uta.h). WeL Dlilr~ Hc:-rmann U6hlau. {Qu6res und Ae<tmll, pp. 60-63.1 1679. •seven 1.,111guistlc Sloeks or Western Jndlan OiaJccts," lluport upon United Sta.lOI GeogJ·aphlcol Sur·vcy• West of Utc::t O.le liwt drllth ~'1Crida.n, Vol. 7, pp. '103·486. Wa.hlngton. Cunn. John M. lUI?. Schllt. . Chen. Hhuory, Tt·adidoM und Narr:niYf'S or the Quercs lndi.PII& or Lngu11t1 and Ac:otnu, AlbU(Il~ercluc, N. rvl,: Alt,r'iRhi and Anden:.on. Mc:nRu•. John 1882. Laguna lnc!ian Translation or McGu!efyC'a (ale) ~ew First Eelectlc Readct• r.. . ncuntA, Nc:w Me)(!co. Mtokf·y, norba.ra H. 1956. "Acoma Kin$hil) 'rcrms." Southwestern Journnl of Antfiropology~ Vol. I:!. pp. 2ofi0·258. I 3 I 4 ACOMA GRAMMAR AND TEXTS Miller, Wick R, tU$9_!!. "Some Notes on Acomo Kinst.Up 1"errnlnology," Southwcstec•r• Journal of Anthropo!ogy. Vol. IS, pp. 119-184. 10$0.£. "Spanish J.-oanwords in J\como: 1,,., lnh:rnll.l!Onal Jom·nat of Arnerlcnn Lingu1&tics, Vol. 25. pp. 147•153. 19GO. •spanish Loanwords iJl Acomo: U, 11 lnte.rMtiOnal .Tourn::.J oC American Llnguhnlcs, VoL 26. pp. 41··19. J..fiHcr. Wick Jt .• and lrvhlc Da.vi• JOG3. •?roto-J<uresrm Phnnotogy,t~ JuicrtuutontJl Jou:·nal or Amc1•icnn L..tnguisllcs. Vol. 29. pf>. 310-330. Newnum. Stanley S. 1954. "A.merlcAn (udinn Lingutatica in the Soutb.weot, 11 American Anthros:IOlogist. Vol, ~. pp. 626-64.4. Spencer, Robert F. 1046. "1'hc Phonemes of Kerosan," lnteraUlUonaJ Journal of Amcri con LingulsUca, VoL 12, pp. 229-236. 1047. •SpaJl.i.sh LoanworltS. in Kercslln, 11 Southwcst~c·n Journal of Anthropology. Vol. 3. pp. 130-HG. StirUnr:. Matthew W. 1042. ()rlgin Mylb of AcomA and other Records. Uurenu or Ameri can Ethnology~ Bulletin 135, PI>• 1-123. Toomey. 'J'. N. 1914. Citllltn.motlC#-1 and Lexical Notct oa the Kercd Languoge. Uorvas l. . nborntories or AmerJcan LlnquisllC'H. Bu1Jo1.in 5. White. Leslie A. 1932. 111e Acoma lndlons. Bureau or Amerlt-an Ethnology, Annunl llCJ>Orl 47, 1920·10 30. 1943. New Material from Ae:orna.. Sure:au or American Ett\nalogy. Jlulletln 13G. I'P· 303-3SO. 10114o. 11Notes on lhe E:thnology of tho Kereo,'' P:apcra of th~ Jo.tich.l• gon Academy of Science. Arte, and LC:Ucrs, Vol. 30, pp. 557 • 508. 1044b. "A Ceremonial VocabWa.ry omong the Pueblo.-.• lntemntlonol Jour~l or Amortcan LinguistiC&, Vol. 10, pp. IGL-107. 1045. •Not-es on the t::tbnozoology or the Keruuan Pueblo Jc)dians, 11 Papers of the Mlcbignn Academy of Science, Arts, ond Leners. Vol. 3 •~ pp. 223•2-13.