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A revision of the Chilean Brachyglutini. Part 1. Some taxonomic changes in Brachyglutini and preliminary diagnosis of Achilia Reitter, 1890 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) PDF

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Preview A revision of the Chilean Brachyglutini. Part 1. Some taxonomic changes in Brachyglutini and preliminary diagnosis of Achilia Reitter, 1890 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)

Revue suisse de Zoologie (September 2015) 122(2): 297-306 ISSN 0035-418 A revision of the Chilean Brachyglutini. Part L Some taxonomic changes in Brachyglutini and preliminary diagnosis ai Achilìa Reitter, 1890 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) Sergey A. Kurbatov1 & Giorgio Sabella2 1 Davydkovskaya 4-2-104, Moscow 121352, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali dell’Università - sezione Biologia Animale, via Androne 81,1-95124 Catania. E.mail: [email protected] Abstract: This first part of the review of the Chilean Brachyglutini is devoted to analyzing the taxonomic situation within the tribe and some taxonomic changes are proposed: 1. The subtribe Baradina nominally remains a part of Brachyglutini; 2. Based on the presence of median gular longitudinal elevation laterally delimited by a pair of sutures in Brachyglutina (apomorphy which characterizes the subtribe) the following genera are transferred to Brachyglutina: a) Mangalobythus Tanokuchi from Bythinini; b) Sogaella Jeannel from Iniocyphini; c) Arachis Rafffay, Diroptrus Motschulsky, and Obricala Raff:ay from Brachyglutini incertae sedis (Newton & Chandler, 1989); and also Berlaraxis Jeannel and Araneabaxis Chandler are transferred from Brachyglutini to Iniocyphini subtribe Iniocyphina; 3. Based on the presence of two long, longitudinal lateral carinae on the metathorax the subtribe Pselaptina is reestablished (stat. resurr.). A preliminary diagnosis of Achilia Reitter is also given. Keywords: Brachyglutini - Brachyglutina - Pselaptina - Chile - Achilia - taxonomy. INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS This article opens a cycle of contributions devoted to The present study is based on the material from the a revision of Brachyglutini from Chile and Southern following different collections: Argentina. First the species-rich genus Achilia Reitter, MHNG Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Genève, Switz¬ 1890 will be studied, then the rest of the small genera will erland (G. Cuccodoro) be examined, and finally the relationship of these genera MMHN Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, with each other and other genera of Brachyglutini will be France (A. Taghavian) discussed. This sequence of study is due to our desire to ZMUM Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, explore the limits of variability within the largest genus Moscow, Russia (A. Gusakov) to understand taxonomic significance of the characters PCSK Private collection S. Kurbatov, Moscow, Russia used by Kaffray (1904), Jeannel (1962, 1963), and Franz Morphological terminology follows that of Chandler (1996) for their respective new genera. The revision of (2001). The abdominal tergites and stemites are Achilia will follow the boundaries of the species groups in numbered in Arabic for the visible segments, and in which Jeannel (1962, 1963) divided this genus. However Roman for their morphological position. The visible it is not excluded that at the end of our research the abdominal segments begin with tergile 1 (IV) and number, composition, and characteristics of the species stemite 1 (III). groups will be modified, as we feel doubtful about the More than half of all genera of Brachyglutini and reliability of the characters used by these authors. several genera of Iniocyphini, Proterini and Bythinini In this article the general situation within the tribe have been studied in the course of our study. For a Brachyglutini and the subtribe Brachyglutina is better understanding of the exoskeletal characters examined, some taxonomic changes are produced, and a representatives of the following genera were dismem¬ preliminary diagnosis of the genus Achilìa is given. bered and placed in Canada balsam: Brachyglutini: Àcamaldes vagepunctatus, Achilìa spp., Asanis sp., Anabaxis sp., Batraxis spp., Anchylarthron sp., Atenisodus sp., Baxyris sp., Brachygluta spp., Manuscript accepted 24.03.2015 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.30001 298 Sergey A. Kurbatov & Giorgio Sabella Briara sp., Briaraxis depressa, Bundjulung mercurius, Iniocyphini: Dalmoburis petrunkevitchii, Nipponobythus Bunoderus lucrosus, Bythinogaster sp,, Caligocara korbeli, Sogaella sp. sp., Comatopselaphus spp., Decarihron consanguìnea, Proterini: Goniomelhts besucheti, Harmomima sp., Drasinus cisinsularis, Ephymata sp., Euphalepsus Proterns elenae. spp., Eupsenius glaber, Eatrichites zonatus, Fagniezia impressa, Globa llongipes, Mallanganee greeni, Nisaxis tomentosa, Nondulia convexa, Panabachia bythinioides, TAXONOMIC PART Pedisinops regains, Physoplectus pardii, Pselaptus The current system of Pselaphinae is still far from k e (frage i, Reichenbachia spp., Rybaxis diabolica, adequate. According to Chandler (2001: 16) 3 of the Tremissus inexpecSatus, Tribatus creticus, Triomicrus 6 higher taxa of these beetles “are difficult to define, ludificator, Trissemus olivieri, Wollomombi ligniphilus. with the Euplectitae or Goniaceritae being either Bythinini: Mangalobythus sp. Figs 1-12. Ventral side of the head of Brachyglutini. (1) Ephymata sp. (2) Bunoderus lucrosus. (3) Achilia crassicornis. (4) Acamaldes vagepunctatus. (5) Bundjulung mercurius. (6) Brachygluta trigonoprocta. {1) Sogaella sp. (8) Batraxis hampei. (9) Pselaptus belfragei. (10) Eutrichites zonatus. (11) Caligocara sp. (12) Comatopselaphus sp. A revision of the Chilean Brachyglutini. Part 1. 299 paraphyletie or polyphyletie”. We fully share this 2. The subtribe Brachyglutina is characterized by the opinion on the last two taxa. The tribe Brachyglutini is following apomorphy: a median gular longitudinal part of the Goniaceritae, and, in turn, cannot be clearly elevation (= median gular carina sensu Chandler, 2001: characterized. In connection with this situation, for a 290) laterally delimited by a pair of sutures (Figs 1-8; better understanding of the position of Chilean genera see also Chandler, 2001, figs 203-204). In rare cases within the tribe we have studied a considerable number this elevation may be low and even not very distinct of the world Brachyglutini as indicated in the Material on a dried specimens, however its lateral sutures are and Methods. always clearly visible on a slide preparation. The only In accordance with recent taxonomic changes the known exception is seen in the genus Batraxis Reitter, Brachyglutini includes the subtribes Baradina, Bra- 1881, which may have a partially reduced elevation and chyglutina, Decarthrina and Eupseniina (Chandler, 2001 : accompanying sutures in some species (Fig. 8), but it should be borne in mind that this is a very polymorphic 290). During our research we came to the following genus with a tendency to the reduction of many conclusions. morphological structures (basal elytral foveae, lateral 1. Baradina with the two included genera Euphalepsus carinae of abdominal tergites, etc.). Reitter, 1883a (= Barada Raffray, 1891; = Tétras emus The ventral side of the head in Brachyglutina is also Jeannel, 1962; for synonymy see Chandler, 1999: 171) often provided with infraocular carinae that extend from and Phalespoides Raffray, 1890 are related to a group the gular constriction to the anterior margin of the head of genera that do not belong within the Brachyglutini capsule; but these carinae may be strongly reduced up but for the moment are not yet placed into a single to their complete disappearance in many genera, and are taxon. Another of our articles will be devoted to the not of taxonomic value in our opinion. The mandibles description of this new taxon, and for now Baradina have two very long macrosetae (basal and medial) at the remains a part of the Brachyglutini. Additionally, the outer margin (Figs 19-24), except for the studied species only species of this group reported from the Chilean of Reichenbachia Leach, 1826 [i?. juncorum (Leach, fauna, E. delamarei (Jeannel, 1962; Franz, 1996) 1817)] that have a shortened mediai macroseta (Fig. 27), inhabits North-Western Argentina, i.e. an area which and for a few genera that have a shortened or lacking is not included in the region of our interest. So in this basal macroseta (e.g. Batraxis, Panabachia Park, 1942, paper we will not examine the genus Euphalepsus. Pedisinops Newton & Chandler, 1989) (Fig. 26). On the Figs 13-18. Maxillary palpi of Brachyglutini. (13) Achilia crassicornis. (14) Bunoderus lucrosus. (15) Baxyris sp. (16) Brachygluta trigonoprocta. (17) Nisaxis tomentosa. (18) Anchylarthron sp. 300 Sergey A. Kurbatov & Giorgio Sabella Figs 19-27. Mandibles of Brachyglutini. (19) Achilia crassicornis. (20) Rybaxis diabolica. (21) Mangalobythus sp. (22) Drasinus cisinsularis. (23) Mallanganee greeni. (24) Asanis sp. (25) Baxyris sp. (26) Panabachia bythinioides. (27) Reichenbachia junco rum. A revision of the Chilean Brachyglutini. Part 1. 301 contrary Baxyris Jeannel, 1949 and Fagniezia Jeannel, Brachyglutina. The tergites of first four segments of 1950 have two very close basal macrosetae (Fig. 25). abdomen have clearly delimited paratergites except for The anterior angles of the labrum are usually more or less certain species of Batraxis that have more or less fused marked, more rarely rounded (Figs 28-39). The antennae tergites with their corresponding paratergites. usually have 11 antennomeres (Ectopocerus Raffray, So the composition of Brachyglutina follows that of 1904, and males of some Eupines King, 1866 and Chandler (2001) with the several exceptions: Anchylarthron Brendel, 1887 have 10 antennomeres). 2a. Genus Mangalobythus Tanokuchi is transferred here Prosternimi has a pair of anteroprostemal foveae (Figs from Bythinini to Brachyglutina. We have studied 52-55). All studied representatives of the subtribe have one undescribed species of this very characteristic a pair of lateral mesostemal, mesocoxal, and metastemal genus from the mangrove forests of northern Borneo foveae (Figs 56-59). Median mesostemal fovea is single (MHNG collection), and found that it completely in vast majority of genera; however it is more or less corresponds to the description of Brachyglutina forked in Anchylarthron Brendel, Briara Reitter, 1882, including the prominent median gular longitudinal Briar ax is Brendel, 1894, Bythinogaster Schaufuss, 1887, elevation with accompanying sutures, and the Drasinus Raffray, 1904, Mangalobythus Tanokuchi, similar foveal pattern of the meso- and metastemum 1989, and in some species of Brachygluta Thomson, (Fig. 58). 1859 (for ex. Brachygluta guillemardi, B. haematica, 2b. Genus Sogaella Jeannel, 1960 is transferred from B. heifer i, B. iranica, B. trigonoprocta, B. turcmenica), Iniocyphini to Brachyglutina. Newton & Chandler but is lacking in Baxyris. With regard to Batraxis, this ( 1989: 51 ) put Sogaella into the former Tanypleurini fovea is much more forked in B. hampei Reitter, 1881 (now Iniocyphini Natypleurina). and is completely divided into two separate foveae in We studied a representative of Sogaella and were able B. splendida Nomura, 1986 (Fig. 59). The metastemal to establish that it definitely belongs to Brachyglutina, coxae are widely separated in all representatives of primarily due to the structure of the ventral side of Figs 28-39. Labrum of Brachyglutini. (28) Brachygluta trigonoprocta. (29) Wollomombi ligniphilus. (30) Physoplectus pardii. (31) Tribatus creticus. (32) Sogaella sp. (33) Pedisinops regains. (34) Achilia crassicornis. (35) Bunoderus lucrosus. (36) Briaraxis depressa. (37) Ephymata sp. (38) Asanis sp. (39) Acamaldes vagepunctatus. Figs 40-51. Mentum of Brachyglutini. (40) Achilia crassicornis. (41) Bunoderus lucrosus. (42) Panabachia bythinioides. (43) Briara sp. (44) Wollomombi ligniphilus. (45) Pedisinops regulus. (46) Brachygluta trigonoprocta. (47) Sogaella sp. (48) Ephymata sp. (49) Tribatus creticus. (50) Mangalobythus sp. (51) Physoplectus pardii. Figs 52-55. Prosternimi of Brachyglutini. (52) Achilia crassicornis. (53) Briara sp. (54) Anchylarthron sp. (55) Bundjulung mercurius. the head (Fig. 7) and some other features (see also Arachis crassicornis (Raffray, 1882), Diroptrus Figs 32, 47). ceylonicus Motsehulsky, 1858 and Obricala 2c. Genera Arachis Kafffay, 1890, Diroptrus foveicollis (Raffray, 1882), and we have been able to Motsehulsky, 1858 and Obricala Raffray, 1890 establish that they definitely belong to Brachyglutina are transferred from Brachyglutini incertae sedis primarily due to the structure of the ventral side of (Newton & Chandler, 1989: 46-47) to Brachyglutina. the head with the median gular longitudinal elevation We studied the type species of these three genera: laterally delimited by a pair of sutures. A revision of the Chilean Brachyglutini. Part 1. 303 Figs 56-61. Meso- and metastemum of Brachyglutini. (56) Achilìa crassicornis. (57) Drasinus cisinsularis. (58) Mangalobythus sp. (59) Batraxis splendida. (60) Eutrichites zonatus. (61) Comatopselaphus sp. 2d. We here exclude the genus Berlaraxis Jeannel, Sharp, 1874 are apparently unrelated to other genera 1957 from Brachyglutini, that was placed in this of Iniocyphina (Kurbatov et al, 2007), and Proterus tribe among the genera incertae sedis (Newton Raffray, 1897 with its allied genera are not close to & Chandler, 1989: 46-47). We have studied the other representatives of Proterini, while this “tribe holotype of Berlaraxis coomani Jeannel, 1957, and [itself] is most likely polyphyletic” (Cuccodoro & we came to the conclusion that this genus (having Kurbatov, 2006: 251; see also Chandler, 2001: 391). in particular a completely different underside of That is why we do not formally put Berlaraxis and the head compared with other representatives of Araneabaxis in the Iniocyphina, but indicate their Brachyglutini) is very close to Sunorfa Raffray, 1882 affinity to particular genera. and its allied genera due to the shape of palpoimere 3. The subtribe Pse!aptina (stat. resurr.) recently 4, the structure of the base of abdominal tergile 1, synonymized with Brachyglutina (Chandler, 2001: 291) the shape of the aedeagus, and some other characters. is reestablished. But this reestablishment is produced Thus we transfer Berlaraxis to the tribe Iniocyphini on another basis than that indicated by Park (Park el subtribe Iniocyphina. al, 1976: 48). This subtribe in its new concept shares For the same reason, after the study of a paratype of with Brachyglutina the median gular longitudinal Araneabaxis oreillyi Chandler, 2001, we exclude the elevation delimited by lateral sutures (this elevation genus Araneabaxis Chandler, 2001 from the tribe may be interrupted in the middle) (Figs 9-12); however, Brachyglutini subtribe Brachyglutina and transfer unlike Brachyglutina the subtribe Pselaptina has two it to Iniocyphina, also placing it next to the genera long longitudinal lateral carinae on the metathorax around Sunorfa. Chandler (2001: 304, 385) himself (Figs 60-61). As so defined Pselaptina then includes the wrote about the possibility of such placement as part following genera: Caligocara Park, 1945, Eutrichites of his description of this genus. LeConte, 1880, Pselaptus LeConte, 1880, Atenisodus However, on one hand “Iniocyphini [is] difficult to Raffray, 1904, and Comatopselaphus Sehaufuss, characterize as a group distinct from the Protermi” 1882 with the last two genera previously placed as (Chandler, 2001: 376), while on the other hand, Brachyglutini incertae sedis (Newton & Chandler, the interna! relationships of both tribes is currently 1989: 46). unclear. For example, the genera close to Morana 304 Sergey A. Kurbatov & Giorgio Sabella Achilia Reitter mesostemal fovea (Fig. 56). Stemite 2 (IV) with large mediobasal carina, with pair of mediobasal and pair of Achilia Reitter, 1890: 212; type species: Bryaxis valdiviensis basolateral foveae. Reitter, 1883b (= Achilìa blanchardi Raffray, 1904) Secondary sexual characters affect mainly the dorsal side (des. Jeannel, 1962: 396). Clermontodes Jeannel, 1950: 317 (synonymized by Besuchet, of head and antennae, and sometimes other parts of the 1986: 259). body. Aedeagus with membranous basal bulb and more or less Preliminary description: Head with pair of vertexal bilaterally symmetrical sclerites of internal sac. foveae. Underside of head with distinct median Figures 62-63 represent the general appearance of the gular longitudinal elevation accompanied by lateral genus Achilia. sutures, and with partially reduced infraocular sutures (Fig. 3). Anterior margin of labrum more or less Remarks: The genus Achilia shares only with straight (Fig. 34). Anterior margin of mentum rounded, Bunoderus Raffray, 1904 the shape of the anterior with weak median notch (Fig. 40). Outer margin of margin of the mentum (rounded, with weak median mandibles with two long macrosetae, basal and medial notch) (Figs 40-41), and both have the same foveal (Fig. 19). Palpi with 4th palpomere clearly enlarged, pattern of the pronotum, possess both sutural and which is approximately two times larger than 3rd discal elytral striae, and share some other features. (Fig. 13). However unlike Achilia the representatives of the genus Pronotum with antebasal and two lateral foveae, lacking Bunoderus have the fourth palpomere not enlarged (Figs any sulci. Elytra with 2-4 basal foveae, sutural and discal 13-14), just as in many other genera of Brachyglutini striae. Tergite 1 (IV) with pair of discal carinae, with (Figs 15-18), the pronotai disc has a median carina or pair of basolateral and sometimes pair of mediobasal tumidity anterior to the median antebasal fovea, and foveae. Prosternimi with paranotal carinae and pair of stemite 2 is lacking a mediobasal carina and basolateral anteroprostemal foveae (Fig. 52). With single median foveae. Figs 62-63. Habitus of Achilia species. (62) Achilia grandiceps Jeannel, 1962. (63) Achilia puncticeps Reitter, 1883b. A revision of the Chilean Brachyglutini. Part 1. 305 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Kurbatov S., Cuccodoro G., Lobi I. 2007. Revision of Morana Sharp and allied genera (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: We thank A. Taghavian (MNHN) and A. Gusakov Pselaphinae). Annales zoologici (Warszawa) 57(4): 591 - (ZMUM) for the loan of type material, and G. Cuccodoro 720. (MHNG) for the possibility to study different genera Leach W. E. 1817. On the stirpes and genera composing the of Brachyglutini from the Museum’s collection. The family Pselaphidea [sic]; with the names of the British photos of the two species of Achilia were produced by species. Zoological Miscellany 3: 80-87. K. Makarov (Moscow State pedagogical University). We Leach W. E. 1826. On the stirpes and genera composing the family Pselaphidae; with descriptions of some new species. also thank D.S. Chandler for valuable critical comments Zoological Journal 2: 445-453. on an early version of this paper. LeConte J. L. 1880. Short studies of North American This research received support from the SYNTHESYS Coleoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Project (http://www.synthesys.info/) which is financed Society 8: 163-218. by European Community Research Infrastructure Motschulsky V. 1858. Entomologie spéciale. Insect des Indes Action under FP7 Integrating Activities Programme orientales. Etudes entomologiques 7: 20-122, 2 pis. (applications FR-TAF-3522). Newton A.F. Jr., Chandler D.S. 1989. World Catalog of the Genera of Pselaphidae (Coleoptera). Fieldiana: Zoology (new series) 53: i-iv, 1-93. REFERENCES Nomura S. 1986. Description of two new myrmecophilous species of the family Pselaphidae (Coleoptera) from Japan. Besuchet C. 1986. Synonymes et homonyme nouveaux de Kontyû 54: 498-504. quelques genres de Psélaphides (Coleoptera). Revue suisse Park O. 1942. A study in Neotropical Pselaphidae. Northwestern de Zoologie 93: 257-264. University Studies in the Biological Sciences and Medicine. Brendel E. 1887. Some corrections in the family Pselaphidae. Number 1. Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. X+403 Transactions of the American Entomological Society 14: pp., 21 pis. 204-208. Park O. 1945. Further studies in Pselaphidae (Coleoptera) of Brendel E. 1894. On some Pselaphidae. Entomological News Mexico and Guatemala. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy 5: 158-160, pl. 5. of Sciences 7: 331-443. Chandler D.S. 1999. New synonymies and combinations for Park ()., Wagner J.A., Sanderson M.W. 1976. Review of New World Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). the Pselaphid Beetles of the West Indies (Coleoptera: Transactions of the American Entomological Society Pselaphidae). Fieldiana: Zoology 68: i-xi, 1-90. 125(1-2): 163-183. Raffray A. 1882. Psélaphides nouveaux ou peu connus, 1er Chandler D.S. 2001. Biology, Morphology, and Systematics of mémoire. Revue d’entomologie 1: 1-16, 25-40, 49-64, 73- the Ant-like Litter Beetle Genera of Australia (Coleoptera: 85, pis 1-2. Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). Memoirs on Entomology, Raffray A. 1890. Etudes sur les Psélaphides. V. Tableaux International 15: i-viii, 1-560. synoptiques. Notes et synonymie. Revue d'entomologie 9: Cuccodoro G., Kurbatov S. 2006. Revision of Proterus 81-172. Raffray, 1897, with description of a new affiliated genus Raffray A. 1891. Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela from Thailand (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae). (Décembre 1887-Avril 1888). Annales de la Société Mitteilungen der schweizerischen entomologischen Entomologique de France 10 (6): 297-330, pl. 6. Gesellschaft 79: 251-273. Raffray A. 1897. Nouvelles études sur les Psélaphides et les Franz H. 1996. 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Versuch einer systematischen Eintheilung Jeannel R. 1960. Révision des Psélaphides malgaches. Bulletin der Clavigeriden und Pselaphiden. Verhandlungen des de l’Académie malgache 36: 31-216. Naturforschenden Vereines in Brünn 20: 177-211. Jeannel R. 1962. Les Psélaphides de la Paléantarctide Reitter E. 1883a. Neue Pselaphiden und Scydmaeniden aus Occidentale, pp. 295-479. In: Deboutteville C.D., Rapoport Central- und Südamerika. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich- E. (eds). Biologie de l’Amérique Australe. Vol. 1. Etude Königlischen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien sur la Faune du Sol. Centre National de la Recherche 32: 371-386. Scientifique, Paris. Reitter E. 1883b. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Pselaphiden-Fauna Jeannel R. 1963. Les Psélaphides de la Paléantarctide von Valdivia. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 27: 47- Occidentale. Supplément, pp. 351-369. In: Deboutteville, 54, pl. 1. C.D., Rapoport E. (eds), Biologie de l’Amérique Australe. Reitter E. 1890. Coleopterologische Notizen. XXXVIII. Wiener Vol. 2. Etude sur la Faune du Sol. Centre National de la Entomologische Zeitung 9:210-213. Recherche Scientifique, Paris. Schaufuss L. W. 1882. Neue Pselaphiden im Museo Civico 306 Sergey A. Kurbatov & Giorgio Sabella di Storia Naturale zu Genua. Annali del Museo Civico di Tanokuchi Y. 1989. Some Pselaphidae inhabiting the mangrove Storia Naturale di Genova 18: 349-399. forests of Singapore and Thailand, with description of Schaufuss L. W. 1887. Beschreibung neuer Pselaphiden aus der a new genus and eight new species. Raffles Bulletin of Sammlung des Museum Ludwig Salvator. Ein Beitrag zur Zoology 37(1-2): 87-115. Fauna Brasiliens, der Kgl. Niederländischen Besitzungen Thomson C. G. 1859. Skandinaviens Coleoptera, synoptiskt in Indien und Neuhollands. (Fortsetzung). Tijdschrift voor bearbetade. Berlingska Botryckeriet, Lund. Voi. 1, 290 pp. Entomologie 30: 91-165, pis 7-9.

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