HYM. RES. J. Vol. 14(2), 2005, pp. 151-176 A Review of the Species of the New World Braconid Genus Cyclaulacidea (Hymenoptera) with Key and Descriptions of Nine New Species Jason W. Leathers/ Darlene D. Judd, and Andrew V. Z. Brower Oregon State University, Department of Zoology, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis OR 97331 USA "Author for correspondence: [email protected] — Abstract. The Neotropical parasitic wasp genus Cyclaulacidea Quicke & Delobel (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) contains two previously described species from Peru and Brazil that are known to feed on Bruchidae and Curculionidae associated with palms. An examination of Neotropicalbra- conines from 19 insect collections reveals that species ofCyclaulacidea are much morewidespread. Nine new species of Cyclaulacidea are described, and an identification key to the eleven known species is provided. The new species are: C. pottsae from Mexico; C. adairae, C. hunteri, and C. snyderorum from Costa Rica; C. fergusoni from Panama; C. picki, C. rominus, and C. sharkeyi from Suriname; and C. riceorum from Peru and Brazil. The range of C. bruchivorus Quicke is expanded from Peru to include Brazil, Bolivia, and Suriname, and that ofC. matilei Villemantand Simbolotti is expanded from Brazil to Colombia. Cyclaulacidea Quicke and Delobel cur- contains 33 described species that share a rently contains two species of wasps that unique facial sculpture of paired ridges are ectoparasitic on Coleoptera feeding on that run from the antennal sockets to the palms (Quicke 1997, Villemant and Sim- clypeus (Figs. 2, 3, 4) and which are divid- bolotti 2000). Cyclaulacidea bruchivorus ed into seven genera: Compsobracon, Calob- Quicke has been reared in Peru from Car- racon Szepligeti, Cyclaulax Cameron, yoborus serripes Sturm (Bruchidae: Pachy- Compsobraconoides, Cyclaulacidea, Gracili- merinae) feeding on fruits fallen from As- bracou Quicke, and Sacirema Quicke trocaryum javarense Trail ex Drude, A. (Quicke 1997). chouta Martins, and A. macrocah/x Burret METHODS (Quicke and Delobel 1995). Cyclaulacidea — matilei Villemant and Simbolotti has been Specimens examined. As part of a ge- reared from Foveolus sp. (Curculionidae: neric-level revision of the entire Compso- Rhynchophorinae: Sphenophorini) feed- bracou group, 4,918 specimens ofNeotrop- ing in floral bracts of Euterpe oleracea C. ical Braconinae wereborrowed from 19 in- Martius (Villemant and Simbolotti 2000). sect collections. Additionally, the senior Neither species has been documented out- author recently had the opportunity to ex- side of its type locality country. amine type specimens of C. bruchivorus Cyclaulacidea is part of the Compsobracon and C. matilei during a visit to the Musee Ashmead group of Neotropical parasitic National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, wasps (Braconidae: Braconinae), a diverse Specimens from the Compsobracon group group of at least 100 species that vary used in this study are marked with unique from the enormous, brightly colored spe- numbers on their determination labels in cies of Compsobracon to the tiny and incon- the format JL###### to allow the contin- spicuous species of Compsobraconoides ued association of notes and observed Quicke. The Compsobracon group currently character states with particular specimens. 152 Journalof Hymenoptera Research W Table 1. Summary of meristic and continuous measurements in species of Cyclaulacidea. L length, width, D = distance, H = height, FW = Fore wing. Volume 14, Number 2, 2005 153 Table 1. Continued. matt 154 Journalof Hymenoptera Research when funding is available to curate these (CAS); Entomological Museum, UtahState USA accessions. University, Logan, Utah, (EMUS); — Rocky Mountain Systematic Entomology Morphology. Morphological terminolo- Laboratory, University of Wyoming, Lar- gy and character systems examined follow amie, Wyoming, USA (ESUW); Institute Sharkey and Wharton (1997), with the ex- Alexander von Humboldt, Santafe de Bo- ception of morphometric characters, gota, Colombia (IAVH); Musee National which follow van Achterberg (1979). As d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France part of a larger study of the Compsobracon (MNHN); Museu de Zoologia da Univer- group of New World Braconinae, all spec- sidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil imens of Cyclaulacidea were examined for (MZSP); Oregon State Arthropod Collec- a total of 68 discrete, 44 continuous, and 3 tion, Oregon State University, Corvallis, meristic morphological characters, as well Oregon, USA (OSUO); Nationaal Natu- as 41 color characters. Continuous char- urhistorische Museum, Leiden, Nether- acters were measured using a Microcode lands (RMNH); Department of Entomolo- A&M II (Boeckeler Instruments). Length was gy Insect Collection, Texas Univer- measured from head to abdomen. Mea- sity, College Station, Texas, USA (TAMU); sures of face height were measured from National Museum of Natural History, the tentorial pits rather than the top of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., clypeus. Meristic and continuous data is USA (USNM). included in the species descriptions and RESULTS summarized in Table 1. The angle H of Fore wing veins C+SC+R and IRS was Of the 4,918 specimens of Braconinae estimated using the formula tan-'e = examined, 1,133 are members of the Comp- ((distance from intersection of IRS and sobracon group, but only 41 are members (RS+M)a to C+SC+R in a basad direction of Cyclaulacidea. Additional specimens of measured perpendicular to IRS) / (length C. bruchivorus and C. matilei are among of IRS)) (Fig. 6A). The species descriptions these specimens, as are 9 species new to include character states from both holo- science. No information on host associa- types and paratypes. When there is vari- tion or other ecological data are recorded ation in this data holotype information is on tne labels of any specimens of the new denoted in square brackets. species. In many braconines the clypeus is sep- DISTRIBUTION arated from the rest of the face by a raised ridge (as in Fig. 4A). Furthermore, in some Specimens of Cyclaulacidea, previously species of Cyclaulacidea the clypeus is also documented from only Peru and Brazil, elevated such that parts ofit are levelwith are reported from Mexico, Costa Rica, this ridge. In the species descriptions Panama/ Colombia, Suriname, and Bolivia 'clypeus partially filled in dorsally' means (Fi8- *) The ran§e of C- bruchivorus is ex- that the part of the clypeus closest to the Panded from Peru to include Brazil, Boliv- face is level with this ridge and the part ia' and Surinarrie (Fig. 1, Appendix 1). The closest to the labrum appears excavated only new specimen of C. matilei bears col- and is not level with the ridge (as in Fig lection information from Colombia (Fig. 1, 2B). Appendix 1). Depositories.—Specimens of Cyclaulaci- SYSTEMATICS dea were found in the following museums & The acronyms used here are taken from Cyclaulacidea Quicke Delobel Arnett et. al. (1993): California Academy Cyclaulacidea Quicke & Delobel, 1995: 218-219. ofSciences, San Francisco, California, USA Diagnosis.—Species of Cyclaulacidea can Volume 14, Number 2, 2005 155 Legend 256 Journalof Hymenoptera Research METASOMA: First tergite trapezoidal, branch of suturiform articulation absent, lacking median longitudinal and Y- Third tergite smooth, lacking pinched-up shaped carinae. Second median tergite area, median longitudinal carina, and lacking raised mid-basal triangular area mid-basal triangular area. Hypopygium pointing posteriorly or anteriorly. Apical pointed apically. KEY TO SPECIES OF CYCLAULACIDEA 1. Fore wing entirely black (as in Fig. 10B) or black with one clear band (Fig. 12B) 2 Fore wing with two yellow (as in Fig. 11) or clear bands (as in Fig. 12C) 5 2(1). Fore wing with one clear band in apical third; maxillary and labial palpomeres black basally, yellowish orange apically; (Fig. 12B) C. pottsac n. sp. Fore wingentirelyblack (as in Fig. 10B); maxillary and labial palpomeresentirelyblack or entirely white 3 3(2). Terga 4-6 black dorsally, yellowish orange laterally; maxillary and labial palpomeres entirely white; suturiform articulation represented by a deep groove (Fig. 7A); fore tarsus strongly laterally compressed (Figs. 5A, 5B); (Fig. 10B) C.fergusoni n. sp. Terga 4-6 entirely black; maxillary and labial palpomeres entirely black; suturiform articulation represented by weak groove (as in Fig. 7B); fore tarsus not strongly laterally compressed (as in Figs. 5C, 5D) 4 4(3). Scape longer dorsally than ventrally (Fig. 5E); rectangular bump on petiole narrowing posteriorly (Fig. 8A); main, submedial, longitudinal facial ridges bowed outward (Fig. 2A); median carina on face developed into tear-drop shaped area medially (Fig. 2A); (Fig. 10D) C. adairae n. sp. Scape longer ventrally than dorsally (Fig. 5F); rectangularbump on petiolenotnarrow- ing posteriorly (Fig. 8B); main, submedial, longitudinal facial ridges diverging out- ward straight from clypeus to antennal sockets (Fig. 3A); median carina on face developed into chevron to butterfly-shaped area medially (Fig. 3A); (Fig. IOC) . . . C. snyderorum n. sp. 5(1). Mesosoma entirely yellowish orange 6 Mesosoma entirelyblack, ormostlyblackwithsomeyellowishorangeondorsalsurface and around margins of pronotum, tegula, and/or sternaulus 7 6(5). Suturiform articulation barely distinguished from terga 2 and 3, lacking groove (Fig. 7C); bump on petiole tongue-shaped, wider posteriorly than anteriorly (Fig. 8C); main, submedial, longitudinal facial ridges bowed outward (as in Figs. 2A, 2B); ovipositor sheath entirely black; (Fig. 12C) C. picki n. sp. Suturiform articulation with shallow groove (as in Fig. 7B); bump on petiole rectan- gular (as in Fig. 8B); main, submedial, longitudinal facial ridges parallel (Fig. 3B) or divergingstraight from clypeus toantennal sockets (as in Fig. 3A);ovipositorsheath black with some yellowish orange in apical third (but black at apical tip); (Fig. 12A) C. sharkeyi n.sp. 7(5). Forecoxa usually entirely yellowish orange, sometimes with some black basally; mid femur entirely yellowish orange; Fore wing vein lcu-a intersects Cu distad 1M (as in Fig. 6A) g Forecoxa usually entirely black, sometimes yellowish orange; mid femur usually en- tirely black, sometimes with yellowish orange on basal and apical ends, or entirely yellowish orange; Fore wing veins 1M and lcu-a intersect (interstitial) (as in Fig. 6B) 9 Volume 14, Number 2, 2005 157 8(7). Inter-tentorial distance 1.8-2.2 times greater than clypeus height (Fig. 4A); maxillary and labial palpomeres entirely yellowish orange to white; (Fig. 11A) . . C. bruchivorus Inter-tentorial distance 2.7-3.2 times greater than clypeus height (Fig. 4B); maxillary and labial palpomeres black basally, yellowish orange apically; (Fig. 11C) . . C. matilei 9(7). Costa yellow; fore tibia entirely yellowish orange; (Fig. 11B) C. riceorum n. sp. Costa black; fore tibia entirely black, or mostly black with some yellowish orange in basal and/or apical sixths 10 10(9). Facial ridges parallel (as in Fig. 3B); second tergite with slightly elevated pinched-up area anteriorly (Fig. 9A); antenna with less than 46 flagellomeres; (Fig. 10A) C. hunteri n. sp. Facial ridges bowed outward (Fig. 2B); second tergite with strongly pinched-up area anteriorly (Fig. 9B); antenna with 48 to 53 flagellomeres; (Fig. 11D) C. romimis n. sp. SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS Cyclanlacidea adairae Leathers n. sp. Figs. 2A, 5C, 5D, 5E, 7B, 8A, 10D — Diagnosis. Scape longer dorsally than ventrally (Fig. 5E). Rectangular bump on petiole narrowing posteriorly (Fig. 8A). Terga 1-3 black dorsally, yellowish orange laterally (Fig. 10D). Lengt—h.—7.0-8.3 [8.0] mm. Head. Antenna with 42-45 [44] flagel- lomeres. Scape longer dorsally than ven- trally. Scape lacking apical and pre-apical shelf-like process, [1.5]-2.0 times longer than maximally wide. First flagellomere 1.2-1.4 [1.3] times longer than second fla- gellomere, 1.3—[1.6] times longer than third flagellomere. Third flagellomere 1.0- 1.3 [1.1] times longer than wide. Apical flagellomere 1.5-1.8 [1.6] times longer than wide. Flagellomere length equal to or greater than width. Horizontal length of eye 1.6-[2.2] times longer than length of head behind eye. Transverse diameter of posterior ocellus 0.9-1.5 [1.1] times post- ocellar length. Distance between posterior ocellus and eye 2.9-3.8 [3.5] times post- ocellar length. Longitudinal bump be- tween antennal sockets present. Facial ridges bowed outward. Anterior groove between antennal sockets absent. Area be- dtiwaenenarreiad.geMsedfiilalend icnarcirneaatoinngfaacreaipsreedsemnet-, bFrioogmw.ien2du.so(FuJatLcw0ea00ro2df28a)An.)dBCoa.trhaadiahsiaervadeet(efJaacLri0-a0dl0r1or0pi0d)sgheasanptdehdaBt)araerCa.e developed into raised tear-drop shaped in the center of the face. Journalof Hymenoptera Research 158 Volume 14, Number 2, 2005 159 [1.4] times longer than r, 1.5-2.2 [1.6] times as thick as (RS+M)a. 2RS [1.3J-1.5 times longer than r-m. 3RSa [3.0]-3.4 times lon- ger than r-m, 4.6-6.2 [5.3] times longer than r. 3RSb 6.0-7.6 [7.1] times longer than r. C+SC+R and IRS forming an angle of 67-73° [71°]. Fore wing length 6.9-8.0 [7.9] mm. Hind wing vein Rla [1.3]—1.8 times lon- ger than lr-—m. Metasoma. Base of petiole deeply ex- cavated. First tergite with strongly raised rectangularbump. First tergite with lateral carina closely paralleling median bump but not forming notches, with pair of lat- eral carinae entirely separated from me- dian bump. First tergite [0.9J-1.1 times longer than wide. Border between first and second tergite straight with edges Fig. 5. A) Dorsaland B) lateralimagesofforetarsus curving anteriorly. Second median tergite ofCfergusoni(JL000235)and C) dorsal and D) lateral with strongly pinched-up area not reach- images C. adairae (JL000102); arrow indicates relative ing third tergite. Suturiform articulation SlactaepraelofcoEm)pCr.esadsaiiornaei(nJL0f0o0r1e02t)arasnuds Fo)fC.C.snfyedregrusoornuim. with weak, smooth, M-shaped, weakly (JL000107); arrow denotes ventral surface which is arched groove; with carina present along not longerthandorsal surfacein C. adairaebutislon- anterior margin. Second tergite [0.4]-0.5 ger than dorsal surface in C. snyderorum. times longer than wide, [0.7]-0.9 times longer than third tergite. Third tergite groove, lacking strong median carina and [0.5]-0.6 times longer than wide. Hypo- median pygium with convex dorsal margin. Ovi- oevnallargteod [crescentp-isth.apPerdo]p,od2e.a5l-3.s3pir[a2c.l9e] positor 0—.8-[1.0] times body length. times higher than wide. Color. Entirely black except lateral Fore tibia [1.1]—1.2 times longer than parts of terga 1-3 yellowish orange and fore femur. Fore tarsus not com- sometimes apical parts of mid and hind laterally pressed, [1.5]—1.6 times longer than fore trochantellus yellowish orange or red. femur. Fore basitarsus [3.7]-5.0 times lon- Wings entirely black. — sgeercotnhdantwairdseo,me1r.e6.—[1H.8i]ntdimefsemluornge3r.8t-h4a.n2 KnDoiwstnribfurtoimonGauanndacmaastteer,ialAleaxjuaemlian,eda.nd [3.9] times longer than wide, 2.0-[2.4] Heredia provinces of Costa Rica. 79 9 16 examined. times longer than basitarsus. Hind tibia 2.5-[2.9] times longer than basitarsus. Holotype 9.COSTA RICA:Guanacaste: 3kmSER. Outer and inner hind tibial spurs 0.5-[0.6] Naranjo, 3-8.iii.1992, F.D. Parker (EMUS—JL000100). and 0.6-[0.7] times longer than basitarsus, Paratypes. COSTA RICA: Guanacaste: 3km SE R. respectively. Hind basitarsus 3.4-4.1 [3.6] Naranjo: 29$, 3-8.iii.1992, F.D. Parker (EMUS— times longer than wide. JL000102, 000105); 19, 28.xi-5.xii.1991, F.D. Parker Fore wing venation: 1M and lcu-a in- (EMUS—JL000103); 16, xii.1991, F.D. Parker t2e.r5se[c2t..0](tRiSm+esM)lobngberroktehnanapIiRcSa.ll2y.M13M.5-14..71- vP(aaE,rMk3eUkrSm(—ESJ.ML0UP0t0So1.—06JV)Li.0ej0o0A:2l3a11j9,u,e0l0a10:42.3i22ii9)..199H,8e0r,2e0Hd.ix.iaA.:.19FH9.0eL,sapFeS.enDl-.- [3.6] times longer than r-m. lm-cu 1.2-1.6 heide (ESUW—JL000233). Journalof Hymenoptera Research 160 Fig. 6. Fore wing of A) C. bruchivorus (JL000246) and B) C. riceorum (JL000162). 6 = the angle ofFore wing veins C+SC+R and IRS. — Remarks. Coloration appears almost length equal to or greater than width. identical to C. snyderorum sp. n., but can Horizontal length of eye 1.6 times longer be consistently distinguished using the di- than length of head behind eye. Trans- agnostic char—acters in the key. verse diameter of posterior ocellus 0.8 Etymology. For Lila Adair for her sup- times post-ocellar length. Distance be- port of science education at Central Gwin- tween posterior ocellus and eye 2.6 times nett High School. post-ocellar length. Longitudinal bump between antennal sockets absent. Facial Cyclaalacideafergusoni Leathers n. sp. ridges bowed inward. Deep anterior Fi—gs. 5A, 5B, 7A, 10B groove between antennal sockets absent. Diagnosis. Suturiform articulation with Area between ridges filled in creating a deep groove (Fig. 7A). Facial ridges raised median area. Median carina on bowed inward. Terga 4-6 black dorsally, face present, developed into raised tear- yellowish—orange laterally (Fig. 10B). drop shaped area. Area between median Length—. 8.6 mm. carina and ridges with ladder-like series Head. Antenna with 46 flagellomeres. of horizontal carinae. Ridges running at Scape longer ventrally than dorsally. 45° angle from middle ridge to antennal Scape with shelf-like process apically, sockets strong. Groove around eyes pre- lacking pre-apical shelf, 2.1 times longer sent and smooth. Height of eye 1.2 times than maximally wide. First flagellomere greater than eye width and 1.5 times 1.4 times longer than second flagello- greater than width of face. Width of head mere, 1.5 times longer than third flagel- 2.6 times greater than width offace. Inter- lomere. Third flagellomere 1.5 times lon- tentorial distance 2.4 times clypeus ger than wide. Apical flagellomere 1.8 height. Tentorio-ocular distance 0.9 times times longer than wide. Flagellomere longer than clypeus high. Clypeus com-