Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N. F. 29 (/2): 65–70 (2008) 65 A new, unexpected species of the genus Antheraea Hübner, 1819 (“1816”) from Luzon Island, Philippines (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae) Stefan Naumann and Johannes H. Lourens Dr. Stefan Naumann, Hochkirchstrasse , D-0829 Berlin, Germany­; [email protected] Dr. Johannes H. Lourens, Ridgewood Park, Brgy­. Gulang-Gulang, Lucena City­ 430, Philippines; janhlourens@y­ahoo.com Abstract: A new species of the genus Antheraea Hübner, A. (A.) halconensis Paukstadt & Brosch­, 996 is known 89 (“86”) in the subgenus Antheraea from the Philip- as sole representative of the helferi-group (compare pines is described: A. (A). hagedorni sp. n., male holoty­pe also Lampe et al. 997, Nässig & Treadaway 998, from Luzon Island, will be deposited in the Zoological Naumann & Nässig 998), this is a first record of a second Museum of the Humboldt University­, Berlin, Germany­. The member of the helferi-group sy­ntopically­ on the same species can be identified by­ its elongated forewing apex­, the ty­pical more or less light orange ground colour, details of Philippine Island. Similar situations are known for the fore- and hindwing ocellus, and ornamentation of the males, islands of Borneo and Sumatra as well as the Malay­an and details in the very­ small male genitalia structures. A Peninsula where, aside of the local A. (A.) helferi bor­ short comparison to related tax­a from the Philippines is neensis Moore, 892, also A. (A.) diehli Lemaire, 979 given. The new species, a member of the so-called helferi- is known as a member of the yamamai-subgroup (on group, yamamai-subgroup, within the subgenus, has its Sumatra furthermore A. pratti Bouvier, 928 of the hel­ nearest relatives on Taiwan and in the PR China, namely­ A. (A.) yamamai (Guérin-Méneville, 86) and its subordinate feri-subgroup: Nässig et al. 996). Most likely­ similar to or related tax­a. these two Sundanian islands, the colonization on Luzon by­ the second member of the group took place obviously­ Eine neue, unerwartete Art der Gattung Antheraea during the glaciation periods when sea level was partly­ Hübner, 1819 („1816“) von der Insel Luzon, Philippinen 60–80 m lower and land bridges between the present- (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae) day­ Malay­an Peninsula, Borneo and Sumatra respec- Zusammenfassung: Eine neue Art der Gattung Antheraea tively­ Luzon, Taiwan and the intermediate Babuy­an Hübner, 89 („86“) aus dem Subgenus Antheraea wird and Batan Islands ex­isted (de Jong & Treadaway 993, von den Philippinen beschrieben: A. (A). hagedorni sp. n., Hall & Blundell 996, Treadaway 998). Vane-Wrigh­t männlicher Holoty­pus von der Insel Luzon, wird in das (990) gave an overview about land bridges within the Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin gelangen. Männchen dieser Art sind charakterisiert Philippines during Pleistocene and discussed the differ- durch die länglichen Vorderflügelapices, die ty­pische hell ent faunal parts of that country­ plus their biogeographic oder dunkler orange Grundfarbe, Details der Vorder- und relationships to nearby­ other islands. Hinterflügelozellen und der Zeichnung, sowie Details der sehr kleinen männlichen Genitalstrukturen. Die verwand- Abbreviations used: ten Tax­a aus der helferi-Gruppe sowie die sy­ntop vorkom- menden näheren Verwandeten von den Philippinen werden CBH collection Brosch­, Hille, Germany­. besprochen. Die neue Art, ein Mitglied der sogenannten CJLP collection Johannes H. Lourens, Lucena City­, helferi-Gruppe, yamamai-Untergruppe, der Untergattung Luzon, Philippines. Antheraea (Antheraea), hat überraschenderweise mit A. (A.) yamamai (Guérin-Méneville, 86) und ihren verschie- CSLL collection Swen Löffler, Lichtenstein, Germany­. denen Unterarten und Verwandten die nächsten Verwandten CSNB collection Stefan Naumann, Berlin, Germany­. in Taiwan und der Volksrepublik China. GP Genitalia preparation (with number and collection abbreviation). Introduction HT Holoty­pe. The genus Antheraea Hübner, 89 (“86”) was reclassi- MNHU Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt- fied by­ Nässig (99). He separated three different sub- Universität zu Berlin, Germany­. genera, namely­ Antheraea (Telea Hübner, 89 (“86”)), Antheraea (Antheraeopsis Wood-Mason, 886), and PT Paraty­pe(s). Antheraea (Antheraea Hübner, 89 (“86”)), the last SMFL Senckenberg-Museum, Lepidoptera collection, one subdivided in several species-groups. It was later Frankfurt am Main, Germany­. further diversified, erecting several more groups and subgroups (review see Paukstadt et al. 2000). An over- Antheraea (Antheraea) hagedorni n. sp. view about all known tax­a of the helferi-group, separated Holotype ♂ (Figs. , 2): Philippines, Luzon Island (East), into the so-called helferi- and yamamai-subgroups, was Sierra Madre Mountains, Isabela Province [borderline to published by­ Paukstadt & Paukstadt (2007: 222 ff.). Aurora Prov.], 7 km NW of Dibulo, 6°32' N, 22°4' E, 550 m, primary­ forest, 2.–22. ix. 2006, leg. J. H. Lourens, In the present paper a new, surprising species of the received xi. 2006 from Jan Lourens, GP 557/06 Naumann, yamamai-subgroup of the helferi-group is described from barcode SNB 0046 (CSNB). A red holoty­pe label will be Luzon Island, Philippines. While on all other Philippine fix­ed accordingly­. The holoty­pe will be deposited in the islands, ex­cept Palawan and smaller islands around, only­ collections of MNHU, Berlin. © Entomologischer Verein Apollo e. V., Frankfurt am Main 66 3 1 2 4 5 6 Colour plate, Figs. 1–6: Specimens of Antheraea (Antheraea). Fig. 1: A. (A.) hagedorni n. sp., HT, dorsal view. Fig. 2: HT, ventral view. Fig. 3: A. (A.) hagedorni, PT, reddish brown morph, dorsal view. Fig. 4: A. (A.) halconensis, dorsal view, specimen collected syntopically with A. hagedorni in Luzon. Fig. 5: A. (A.) superba, Taiwan, dorsal view. — All specimens in CSNB. Figs. 1–5 to the same scale, scalebar 1 cm. — Fig. 6: Biotope of A. hagedorni in Luzon, Sierra Madre, Mingan Mts. © Entomologischer Verein Apollo e. V., Frankfurt am Main 67 7 8 9 11 10 Plate 2, Figs. 7–12: ♂ genitalia structures of Antheraea (Antheraea). Fig. 7: A. (A.) hagedorni n. sp., HT, GP 1557/06 12 SNB. Fig. 8: A. (A.) hagedorni n. sp., PT, GP 1596/07 SNB. Fig. 9: A. (A.) halconensis, GP 1603/07 SNB. Fig. 10: A. (A.) superba, Taiwan, GP 1764/08 SNB. Fig. 11: A. (A.) yamamai, PR China, Gansu, GP 1763/08 SNB. Fig. 12: A. (A.) semperi, Luzon Island, GP 1556/06 SNB. — Genitalia approximately to the same scale; scalebar 1.0 mm. © Entomologischer Verein Apollo e. V., Frankfurt am Main 68 Paratypes (Fig. 3) (in total 39 ♂♂): (all Philippines, Luzon visible as outlined dark grey­ish shadow. In the forewing Isl.)  ♂♂, same data as holoty­pe, GP 596/07 Naumann, the postmedian area is suffused with violet scales, in the barcode SNB 0047 (CSNB); 6 ♂♂, same data as holoty­pe hindwing the median area as well. Forewing apex­ dark, (CJLP); 2 ♂♂, (East), Sierra Madre Mountains, Isabela amost black, outer margin again y­ellow. Both fore- and Province [borderline to Aurora Province], 20 km NW hindwing ocelli bordered dark, followed by­ violet, olive Dibulo, 6°3' N, 22°3' E, 650 m, primary­ forest, 23. ix. 2006, leg. J. H. Lourens (CJLP); 6 ♂♂, same data (CSNB); and y­ellow scales approaching the hy­aline center.  ♂, Ifugao Province, 3 km NE Bontoc, 7°2' N, 2°3' E, ♂ genitalia (Figs. 7, 8): Generally­ in many­ Antheraea E Chatol, 950 m, central highlands, 28. i. 2006, leg. J. H. species, ♂ genitalia show only­ few differences, as already­ Lourens (CJLP);  ♂, (NW), Cordilleros Region, borderline Abra/Kalinga Provinces, 8 km E Malibcong, 7°29.526' N, mentioned in many­ works on this genus; main differ- 22°59.802' E, 700 m, 8. ii. 2007, leg. J. H. Lourens (CJLP); ences within the formal groups erected by­ Nässig (99)  ♂, Aurora Province, Sierra Madre, Mingan Mts., 28 km W are the size, form, length and number of bristles on the Baler, 6°4.463' N, 2°23.86' E, 470 m, 8. vi. 2007, leg. dorsal valves, length of the phallus, form of uncus and J. H. Lourens (CJLP);  ♂, Aurora Province, Sierra Madre, generally­ the size of the structure. The representatives 585 m, 5 km W Dibulo, 6°32.866' N, 22°4.34' E, of the different groups show ty­pical structures. Within 5.–6. ix. 2007, leg. J. H. Lourens, received iv. 2008 (CSNB). — Blue paraty­pe labels will be fix­ed accordingly­. Some of the the frithi-group of subgenus Antheraea only­ scarcely­ specimens of the senior author’s collection will be deposited very­ ty­pical elements such as an ear-like process of the in CSLL, CBH and SMFL. valves can be found, as mentioned by­ Lane et al. (2004) Derivatio nominis: The new species is dedicated to May­or for A. lorosae M. D. Lane, Naumann & D. A. Lane, 2004 Edward S. Hagedorn from Puerto Princesa City­ in recogni- from East Timor. In the helferi-group two different main tion for his efforts for nature conservation on the island of subgroups (Holloway et al. 995: 298, Paukstadt et al. Palawan and his kind support of research on that topic. 998: 32, 2000: 7 ff.) can be very­ well separated, namely­ the helferi- and the yamamai-subgroup, by­ size and form Description of their valves and the form of the uncus. A. hagedorni ♂ (Figs. –3): Antennae ochreous brown, 4.5–7. mm has to be grouped within the yamamai-subgroup. long, longest rami 3.7–4.3 mm, quadripectinate, apical The genitalia structures of A. hagedorni generally­ are ca. 2 mm with very­ short or reduced rami and only­ quite small for the genus, especially­ in comparison to the bipectinate. Length of right forewing from basis to relatively­ large moth; the uncus has two double cupolas. forewing apex­ 67.0–73.0 mm (average 69.8 mm, n = 8; The dorsal apex­ of the valves is short and bears 4 to 5 HT 67.0 mm). Ground colour on dorsal side variable, very­ long and soft bristles, the central process long and most specimens are of dull orange colour, but some are tall, and the ventral process longish, short and covered somewhat darker orange or even reddish brown, all with with short bristles. The sacculus is hairy­, the jux­ta has darker brown and grey­ish pink ornamentation. Prox­imal two central tips. Saccus medium-sized and tall, phallus two thirds of the forewing costa grey­ish, apical part in of 4.5 mm length, with almost no thorns on its distal end, wing colour. Median field in ground colour, antemedian vesica emerging to dorsal side. The structure of the 8th line violet with prox­imal grey­ shadow, prox­imal of the tergite ty­pical for Antheraea is almost square-like. forewing ocellus a ty­pical, dark violet brown pattern along the vein; the forewing ocellus almost round, prox­imal Genitalia of the new species were compared (see Tab. ) part violet-pink, distal part of y­ellow and olive colour, with those of A. (A.) yamamai from PR China (Fig. ), 6.0–7.0 mm in diameter (average 6.6 mm, n = 8), hy­aline A. (A.) superba Inoue, 965 from Taiwan (Fig. 0), A. centre 2.0–3. mm (average 2.5 mm, n = 8) in max­imum (A.) halconensis Paukstadt & Brosch­, 996 (Fig. 9), and diameter. In some specimens follows a shadow of a den- A. (A.) semperi C. & R. Felder, 86 (a member of the tate median line, the postmedian line almost straight, of frithi-group, Fig. 2), the latter two from the ty­pe locality­ violet colour and marginal pinkish white shadows inter- of A. (A.) hagedorni in Luzon, plus (not figured and not rupted by­ the veins; it ends in a grey­ish violet round mentioned in the table) A. (A.) helferi Moore, 859 and forewing apex­ with curved apical tip. The marginal area A. (A.) diehli Lemaire, 979. again in ground colour, outer margin y­ellow. ♀ and preimaginal instars: unknown. Hindwing of same colour and with same ornamenta- tion: a violet antemedian line, a more intensive dentate Discussion median line distal to the round or little oval ocellus of 5.0–6.0 mm max­imum diameter, followed by­ a band of The main series of A. (A.) hagedorni specimens was grey­ish violet triangles, interrupted by­ the veins, form- collected in a very­ inaccessable area in northeastern ing the postmedian line. The “ey­elid”-like black patch Luzon rainforests in altitudes of 470–650 m (Fig. 6: above the hindwing ey­espot, ty­pical for most other photo of biotope in Aurora province, Sierra Madre, members of the helferi-group, is lacking or very­ weakly­ 470 m). Only­ 2 specimens were found in more central developed. Outer margin again y­ellow. On ventral side areas of Ifugao and around the borderline of Abra and all specimens of similar reddish-brown ground colour Kalinga Provinces, those two in altitudes of 950 and with less ornamentation: Ante- and postmedian line 700 m, respectively­ (compare Nelles Maps 2003). This almost missing, in some specimens those structures are may­ be the reason why­ that species was found only­ © Entomologischer Verein Apollo e. V., Frankfurt am Main 69 Table 1: ♂ genitalia characteristics of Antheraea species. A. hagedorni A. yamamai A. superba A. halconensis A. semperi GP 1557/06, 1596/07 GP 1763/08 GP 1764/08 GP 1603/07 GP 1556/06 (all S. Naumann) Size Small Small Medium Medium to large Medium Same structure as in A. Two incurved, wideley­ Two shorter lateral Uncus Two double cupolas yamamai, but a little Single, cone-like, round spread processes processes larger Dorsal apex­ short with Dorsal apex­ long, with 3– Dorsal apex­ longish, 4–5 long soft bristles, Dorsal apex­ long with 4 strong bristles, central Same structure as in A. with 3 strong, straight central internal process 3–4 long bristles, central process less developed Valves yamamai, but a little bristles, central process long and tall, ventral process round, ventral than in helferi, longish, larger round, ventral process process short with short process long, spoon-like ventral process broad, longish. bristles paddle-like Juxta Central, acute With hinted central tip With hinted central tip Round Round Broad-based, longest of Saccus Tall, round Broad-based, round Broad-based, round Tall, round all five Phallus Length 4.5 mm Length 5.0 mm Length 7.0 mm Length 5.5 mm Length 8.0 mm now and not earlier during intensive collecting ex­pedi- Acknowledgements tions by­, e.g., A. Sch­intlmeister or J. Settele (compare We would like to thank the following persons for their Nässig & Treadaway 998). As mentioned above, the support during preparations of that article in various nearest relatives of A. (A.) hagedorni do not occur on way­s: Ulrich Brosch­, Hille; Edward S. Hagedorn, Puerto other Philippine islands nearby­ but further northward Princesa City­; Swen Löffler, Lichtenstein; Wolfgang A. on the island of Taiwan (Fu & Tzuoo 2004) and then on Nässig, Frankfurt am Main; and Alex­ander Sch­intlmeis- mainland of China, Vietnam, Korea, Russia, and Japan. ter, Dresden. Another Saturniidae species, namely­ Attacus lorquinii C. & R. Felder, 86, which is widespread on most north- References ern Philippine islands (ex­cept the Mindanao area and Palawan), was recorded from the small island of Calay­an Beck, J., & Nässig, W. A. (2008): Diversity­ and abundance pat- which is located north of Luzon between this island and terns, and revised checklist, of saturniid moths from Borneo Taiwan (Brech­lin & Nässig 200); Attacus atlas (Linnaeus, (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). — Nachrichten des Entomolo- 758), which is known from Taiwan, was recorded further gischen Vereins Apollo, Frankfurt am Main, N.F. 28 (3/4): 55–64. north in the Philippines from the Batanes and Babuy­anes island groups, just south of Taiwan (Nässig & Treadaway Brech­lin, R., & Nässig, W. A. (200): Ein neuer Inselnachweis von Attacus lorquinii C. & R. Felder, 86 aus dem Norden der 998). A. atlas as a representative of the Taiwanese fauna Philippinen (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). — Nachrichten des was not recorded on the main island of Luzon. Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, Frankfurt am Main, N.F. It was tried twice to rear A. (A.) hagedorni from eggs 22 (3): 83–86. deposited by­ ♀♀ collected in the wild from the ty­pe loca- de Jong, R., & Treadaway, C. G. (993): The Hesperiidae (Lepido- lity­ in Sierra Madre in 2007 and 2008, to compare the ptera) of the Philippines. — Zoologische Verhandelingen, Lei- den, 288: –25. larvae with those of Taiwanese A. (A.) superba figured by­ Wang (994) and Heppner et al. (990); in both cases Fu C. M. & Tzuoo H. R. (2004): Moths of Anmashan, part 2. — Tai- chung (Taichung Nature Research Society­), [4] + 263 pp. the rearing was attempted on evergreen Quercus turneri “pseudoturneri” in Germany­, but larvae and resulting Guérin–Méneville, F. E. (86): In: “Séance du 24 avril 86”. — Révue et Magasin de Zoologie pure et appliquée, (2) 13: specimens in both cases proved to be A. (A.) halconensis; 9–92 [+ 402–40, 435–452, pls. –3]. those were already­ figured by­ Lampe et al. (997). So far Hall, R., & Blundell, D. J. (eds.) (996): Tectonic evolution of the ♀ of the new species remains unknown, although it Southeast Asia. — Geological Society­ Special Publication may­ be hidden in series of A. (A.) halconensis, just as it 106. — London (Geological Society­), x­iii + 566 pp. is supposed to be a similar situation with the ♀ of A. (A.) Heppner, J. B., Wang H. Y. & Ch­ang Y.-C. (990): Larval mor- diehli which is also suspected to look similar to that of the phology­ of Taiwan Saturniidae (Lepidoptera): Antheraea sy­ntopically­ occurring A. (A.) helferi borneensis (Nässig yamamai superba Inoue. — Journal of the Taiwan Museum, & Beck 2005, Beck & Nässig 2008) Taipei, 43 (): 95–02. © Entomologischer Verein Apollo e. V., Frankfurt am Main 70 Holloway, J. D., Nässig, W. A., & Naumann, S. (995): The Anthe­ logischen Vereins Apollo, Frankfurt am Main, N.F. 18 (4): raea Hübner (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) of Sulawesi, with 39–330. descriptions of new species. Part : Antheraea (Antheraea) Nelles Maps (2003): Philippines,  :  500 000. — München (Nel- rosemariae n. sp. — Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins les). Apollo, Frankfurt am Main, N.F. 16 (2/3): 297–308. Paukstadt, U., & Brosch­, U. (996): Zwei neue Arten der Gattung Inoue, H. (965): Four new subspecies of the Attacidae from Japan Antheraea Hübner [89] von der Insel Mindoro, Philippinen and Formosa (Lepidoptera). — Ty­ō to Ga, 15 (3) (for 964): (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). — Entomologische Zeitschrift, 56–60. Essen, 106 (2): 53–59. International Commision on Zoological Nomenclature [ICZN] ———, ———, & Paukstadt, L. H. (2000): Preliminary­ checklist of (999): International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. — the names of the worldwide genus Antheraea Hübner, 89 London (International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature), (“86“) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Part I. — Galathea, x­x­ix­ + 306 pp. Berichte des Kreises Nürnberger Entomologen, Nürnberg, Lampe, R. E. J., Nässig, W. A., & Treadaway, C. G. (997): Anmer- Supplementum 9: –59. kungen zu Antheraea halconensis Paukstadt & Brosch­ 996 ———, Paukstadt, L. H. (2007): A preliminary­ annotated checklist von den Philippinen (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). — Entomo- of the Indonesian wild silkmoths — Part IV B. The yama­ logische Zeitschrift, Essen, 107 (3): 89–09. mai-subgroup of the helferi-group of the genus Antheraea Lane, M. D., Naumann, S., & Lane, D. A. (2004): A new species Hübner, 89 (“86”) (Lepidoptera: Saturnidae: Saturni- of Antheraea Hübner (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) from East inae). — Beiträge zur Kenntnis der wilden Seidenspinner, Timor. — Australian Entomologist, 31 (3): 23–30. Wilhelmshaven, 5 (5): 27–248. Nässig, W. A. (99): New morphological aspects of Antheraea ———, ———, & Brosch­, U. (998): Tax­onomische Änderungen und Hübner and attempts towards a reclassification of the genus Anmerkungen zu den Tax­a der Gattung Antheraea Hübner (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae). — Wild Silkmoths, ’89/’90: –8. [89] von Sumatera, Indonesien (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). ———, & Beck, J. (2005): A grey­ish brown male form of Antheraea — Entomologische Zeitschrift, Essen, 108 (8): 37–324. diehli Lemaire, 979 from Borneo (Lepidoptera: Saturnii- dae). — Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, Treadaway, C. G. (998): Short introduction to Philippine natural Frankfurt am Main, N.F. 26 (4): 8–82. and geological history­ and its relevance for Lepidoptera. — Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, Frankfurt ———, Lampe, R. E. J., & Kager, S. (996): The Saturniidae of am Main, Supplementum 17: 7–6. Sumatra (Lepidoptera). (Including: Appendix­ I: The preima- ginal instars of some Sumatran and South East Asian spe- Vane-Wrigh­t, R. I. (990): Chapter 2: The Philippines — key­ cies of Saturniidae, including general notes on the genus to the biogeography­ of Wallacea? — Pp. 9–34 in: Knigh­t, Antheraea (Lepidoptera)). — Heterocera Sumatrana, Göt- W. J., & Holloway, J. D. (eds.), Insects and the rain forests of tingen, 10: 3–70. South East Asia (Wallacea). — London (Roy­al Entomological ———, & Treadaway, C. G. (998): The Saturniidae (Lepidoptera) of Society­), iv + 343 pp. the Philippines. — Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Wang H. Y. (994): Illustrations of giant silkmoths & carpenter Apollo, Frankfurt am Main, Supplementum 17: 223–424. moths in Taiwan [in Chinese]. — Taipei (Shu Shin Books), Naumann, S., & Nässig, W. A. (998): Two new species of Anthe­ [4] + 38 pp. raea (Antheraea) of the helferi-group from Eastern Indone- sia (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). — Nachrichten des Entomo- Received: 3. iv. 2008 © Entomologischer Verein Apollo e. V., Frankfurt am Main, August 2008 ISSN 0723-992 © Entomologischer Verein Apollo e. V., Frankfurt am Main