PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 106(2). 2004. pp. 319-323 A NEW SPECIES OF THE SAICINE ASSASSIN BUG GENUS CARAYONIA VILLIERS (HETEROPTERA: REDUVIIDAE) FROM INDOCHINA Tadashi Ishikawa and Shuji Okajima (TI) c/o Dr. T. Yasunaga, Zoological Laboratory, Department of Science, Faculty of Education, Okayama University, Tsushimanaka 3-1-1, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan (e-mail: [email protected]); (SO) Laboratory of Insect Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako 1737, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa, 243-0034, Japan (e-mail: [email protected]) — Abstract. Carayonia orientalis, n. sp., is described based on recently collected specimens from Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. This new species inhabits wetlands with monocots. ^^v Words: Insecta, Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Saicinae, Carayonia, Indochina Carayonia Villiers is a comparatively Visayanocoris Miller 1952: 89 (type of Vi- small assassin bug genus of the subfamily sayanocorinae Miller 1952, synonymized Saicinae, comprising nine species described by Villiers 1958). Type species: Visay- from the Old World tropics and subtropics anocoris nitens Miller 1952. Original (Maldonado 1990, Malipatil 1990). The designation. Asian fauna of the genus has been repre- — Diagnosis. Distinguished from other sented only by two species, C. nitens (Mill- saicine genera by a combination of the fol- er) from the Philippines and C. culiciformis lowing characters: Body shining; head pyr- Usinger from Sri Lanka, while the others iform, lacking dorsal transverse sulcus be- occur in Australia (one species) and Africa tween eyes, with conical anteoculus; pron- (six species). otum without spines at humeri; scutellar From recent fieldwork by us and our col- spine long; forecoxae elongate; forefemora leagues in Indochina, we discovered an in- and foretibiae with series of long, sparse, teresting species belonging to Carayonia. spiniform setae; foretibia apically with Upon examination, we concluded that it is large, flattened, distally acute projection; undescribed. In this paper, we describe the tarsal segment II long; and abdomen ellip- species as new and provide habitus photo- tic. Detailed generic diagnoses and descrip- graphs and illustrations, including the male tions were provided by Villiers (1951, genitalia. The diagnostic characters for the 1969), Miller (1952, as Visayanocoris) and genus also are given. Malipatil (1990, as Visayanocorinae). All the type material is housed in the — Remarks. Taxonomic placement of Laboratory of Insect Resources, Faculty of Carayonia has been controversial. It has Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agricul- been put either in Saicinae (Villiers 1951, ture, Atsugi. Japan. 1958, 1969; Maldonado 1990) or Visayan- Carayonia Villiers ocorinae (Miller 1952, China and Miller Carayonia Villiers 1951: 278. Type spe- 1959, Malipatil 1990, Cassis and Gross cies: Carayonia camerunensis Villiers 1995). Wygodzinsky (1966) and Putshkov 1951. Original designation. and Putshkov (1996) treated Visayanocori- — PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 320 Figs. 1-2. Carayonia orientalis, holotype (6). 1, Dorsal view. 2, Lateral view. nae as a tribe in Saicinae and placed this Carayonia orientalis Ishikawa and genus in Visayanocorini. We herein follow Okajima, new species the Villiers and Maldonado's opinions in (Figs. 1-12) the placement for convenience. Description. Measurements (in mm): SI The pyriform head without the dorsal 9 (holotype in parentheses): Body length transverse sulcus is a distinct feature sepa- 3.30-3.50/3.65-3.90 (3.33). Head length in- rating this genus from the other saicine gen- cluding neck 0.72-0.74/0.73-0.80 (0.74); era, and it is considered to be an autapo- width across eyes 0.42-0.44/0.42-0.43 morphy for Carayonia. The genus Warda- manocoris Malipatil is most similar to it in (0.44); interocular space 0.19-0.22/0.23 sharing such characters as the forefemur (0.21). Antenna length 2.93-3.55/3.00 with long, sparse, spiniform setae, the for- (3.55); lengths of segments I, II, III and IV etibia apically with a large, flattened, dis- 1.03-1.13/1.06 (1.13), 0.37-0.41/0.37 tally acute projection, and tarsal segment II (0.40), 0.62-0.73/0.57 (0.73) and 0.80-1.29/ much longer than the remaining segments 1.00 (1.29), respectively. Rostrum length combined (Malipatil 1990). However, the 1.03-1.10/1.05-1.09 (1.10); lengths of seg- reliable sister genera are currently not de- ments I, II and III 0.49-0.51/0.52 (0.51), termined, and a comprehensive revision is 0.23-0.26/0.23-0.24 (0.26) and 0.29-0.33/ required to ascertain the accurate systematic 0.30-0.33 (0.33), respectively. Pronotum position. length 0.54-0.59/0.55-0.58 (0.54); width VOLUME NUMBER 106. 2 321 across humeri 0.69-0.70/0.71-0.73 (0.70). as humeral width, with long, sparsely dis- Hemelytron length 2.14-2.47/2.26-2.38 tributed, erect setae; posterior margin weak- (2.39). Lengths of femur, tibia and tarsus of ly arched; anterior lobe a little more than forelegs 1.14-1.22/1.21-1.23 (1.22), 1.16- 0.75 times as long as posterior lobe. Scu- 1.25/1.21-1.24 (1.25) and 0.60-0.65/0.62 tellar spine (Fig. 3) about 1.3 times as long (0.65); of midlegs 1.29-1.39/1.38-1.41 as scutellum, weakly curved upward, blunt- (1.39), 1.32-1.43/1.40-1.42 (1.43) and tipped. Foreleg (Fig. 4) densely covered 0.54-0.66/0.68 (0.66); of hindlegs 1.64- with short, reclining and suberect setae; 1.88/1.90-1.95 (1.88), 2.05-2.32/2.22-2.34 forefemur with 8 to 9 interolateral and 4 (2.30) and 0.63-0.71/0.66 (0.71), respective- ventral, long spiniform setae (in Fig. 4, api- ly. Abdomen length 1.70-1.84/1.96-1.98 cal parts of former 3 setae visible); foretibia (1.76). with 4 interolateral and 2 ventral, long spi- Coloration (Figs. 1-2): Body generally niform setae; foretarsus half as long as tibia. dark brown to fuscous. Head and thorax Mid- and hindlegs densely covered with shining. Anterior part of head, rostrum and short, decumbent and suberect setae. Hem- areas above metacoxal cavities yellowish elytron slightly exceeding posterior apex of brown. Antennal segments I and II brown, abdomen; veins on membrane ambiguous; except for apex of II whitish; segment III venation shown as in Fig. 5. brown, with many nanow, whitish annula- Abdomen wider than hemelytra, covered tions; segment IV brownish yellow, with with short, decumbent setae except for an- many brown annulations on basal half. Legs terior part, apically rounded in male, sub- brown; tibiae gradually pale toward apices; acute in female. tarsi brownish yellow; mid- and hindcoxae Male genitalia: Pygophore (Figs. 9, 10) yellowish brown. Hemelytron including somewhat flattened dorsoventrally, with veins brown to dark brown, except for pale posterior process; posterior process taper- subbasal parts. Abdomen dark brown, ing, slightly sinuate and apically obtuse in tinged with yellow posteriorly; lateroter- lateral view (Fig. 9), spatula-shaped and gites brownish yellow. apically rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 10). Structure: Head (Fig. 3) elliptical, 1.7 Parameres (Figs. 11, 12) curved inward, times as long as width across eyes, ventro- weakly constricted dorsoventrally near mid- laterally armed with 4 pairs of long spini- dle, rounded apically, covered with erect form setae, and with several, long, spini- and suberect setae variable in length. Phal- form setae in ventral disc; anteoculus 0.7 lus (Fig. 6) elliptical, somewhat flattened times as long as postoculus, covered with dorsoventrally; phallotheca sclerotized on short, decumbent setae; postoculus with dorsum; endosoma long, membranous, with long, sparsely distributed, suberect setae. 2 rows of minutely spinulate areas. Compound eye half as wide as interocular Female genitalia: Tergite VIII with space in dorsal view. Antenna densely cov- rounded posterior margin (Fig. 8). Tergite ered with short reclining and suberect setae; IX declivous (Fig. 7). Valvifer I with round- proportion of segments I to IV 14: 5: 9: 16. ed margin (Figs. 7, 8); valvula I (Figs. 7. Rostrum (Fig. 3) bearing short, suberect se- 8) large, nearly triangular, subacute at apex. tae; segment I with 2 pairs of long spini- Styloids (valvula III) oblong, well visible form setae and a few slender setae; segment between terg—ite IX and valvula I (Fig. 8). II with 3 pairs of long spiniform setae; seg- Holotyle. cJ, Vietnam: Dambri, Bao ment III with 2 pairs of long spiniform se- Loc, Lam Dong Prov., 28.xii.2001, T. Ish- tae; proportion of segments I to III 20: 10: ikawa. — 13. Paratypes. Vietnam: M, same data as Pronotum about 0.7 times as long as for holotype; \6, 19, Loc .Thang Ward, head, slightly more than 0.7 times as long Bao Lam, Lam Dong Prov., 27.xii.2001. T. 322 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Figs. 3-12. Carayonia orientalis (only long, spiniform setae shown on Figs. 3-10). 3, Head, prothorax and scutellum. lateral view. 4, Left foreleg. 5, Right hemelytron. 6. Phallus, dorsal view. 7-8, Apical part of female abdomen, lateral and posterior views. 9, Pygophore, lateral view. 10, Apical part ofpygophore, dorsal view. 1 1- 12, Left paramere, lateral and dorsal views. — Ishikawa. Laos: IJ, Vang Vieng, Vieng- Remarks. This new species is distin- tiang Prov., l.ii.2002, T. Kishimoto. Thai- guished from other members of Carayonia land: IJ, Mae Sa, 400-450 m alt.. Mae by a combination of such features as the mm Rim, Chiang Mai, 12.viii.2001. S. Nagash- body 3.3-3.9 long, the head about 1.7 ima; 19. Mae Sa. 450 m alt., Mae Rim, times as long as width across eyes, antennal Chiang Mai, 18.viii.2001. light trap, T. Ish- segment IV much longer than segment III, ikawa. — rostral segment I twice as long as segment Distribution. Vietnam, Laos, Thailand; n, the venter of the forefemur with four this is the first record for the genus Cara- long spiniform setae, the venter of the fore- yonia from con—tinental Asia. tibia with two long spiniform setae, the scu- Etymology. From the Latin, orientalis, tellar spine 1.3 times as long as the scutel- referring to the type locality; an adjective. lum, and the evenly curved parameres. VOLUME NUMBER 106. 2 323 This species inhabits marshes grown with Literature Cited monocots in Vietnam and Thailand, and Cassis, G. and G. F Gross. 1995. Hemiptera: Heter- A was found on low parts of shrubs. single optera (Coleorrhyncha to Cimicomorpha). In individual was attracted to light. No other Houston, W. W. K. and G. V. Maynard. eds. Zoo- information is available on its biology. RloOgicAaulstCraatliaal,ogMueelboofurAnuest,raxlvia.+ V5o0l.6 2p7p..3A. CSI- China, W. E. and N. C. E. Miller. 1959. Check-list and Key to Asian Species of Carayonia keys to the families and subfamilies of the He- miptera-Heteroptera. Bulletin of the British Mu- 1. Pronotum 1.3 times as long as scutellum and seum (Natural History). Entomology 8: 1-45. scutellar spine combined C. ciilicifonnis Usinger Maldonado, J. Capriles. 1990. Systematic catalogue of the Reduviidae of the World (Insecta: Heterop- - Pronotum as long as scutellum and scutellar tera). Caribbean Journal of Science (Special edi- spine combined 2 2. Scutellar spine twice as long as scutellum; ven- tion), X -I- 694 pp. Malipatil, M. B. 1990. First record ofVisayanocorinae ter of foretibia with 4 long spiniform setae; (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from Australia with de- parameres bent at middle .... C. nitens (Miller) scription of a new genus and two new species. - Scutellar spine 1.3 times as long as scutellum Journal of the Australian Entomological Society (Fig. 3); venter of foretibia with 2 long spini- 29: 31-36. form setae (Fig. 4); parameres evenly curved Miller, N. C. E. 1952. Three new subfamilies of Red- inward (Fig. 12) C. orientalis, n. sp. uviidae (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). EOS 28: 85-90. Putshkov R V. and G. V. Putshkov. 1996. Family Red- — uviidae Latreille. 1807 assassin-bug, pp. 148- Acknowledgments 265. //) Aukema, B. and C. Rieger. eds. Catalogue We are grateful to Drs. T Yasunaga o2.f tThheeHeNteetrhoeprtlearnadsofEtnhteomPoalloaegairccatlicSRoceigeitoyn,,AVoml-. (Okayama University). C. Weirauch (Freie sterdam, xiv -I- 361 pp. Universitiit Berlin) and D. Forero (Bogota, Villiers, A. 1951. Sur deux Reduviidae Saicinae du Colombia) for critically reading the manu- Cameroun recoltes par J. Carayon. Bulletin du T Musem National d"histoire Naturelle 23: 277-279. script with valuable comments, and Dr. 1958. Hemipteres Reuviides recoltes en An- . Kishimoto (Japan Wildlife Research Cen- gola (3eme note). Publicacoes Culturais da Com- ter) and Mr. S. Nagashima (Okayama Uni- panhla de Diamantes Angola 38: 15-46. versity) for kindly providing the material . 1969. Revision des Reduviides africains. IV. used in this study. This study was partly Saicinae. Bulletin de Tlnstitut Franc^^ais d'Afrique Noire (A) 31: 1186-1247. supported by the Academic Frontier Co- Wygodzinsky, P. 1966. A monograph of the Emesinae operative Research Project, Tokyo Univer- (Reduviidae, Hemiptera). Bulletin of American sity of Agriculture. Museum of Natural History 133: 1-616.