Zootaxa 2639: 53–58 (2010) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2010 · Magnolia Press ISSN1175-5334(online edition) A new species of the genus Lathriopyga Caroli, 1912 (Collembola, Neanuridae, Neanurinae) from the Republic of Moldova Ş GALINA BU MACHIU1, LOUIS DEHARVENG2 & WANDA MARIA WEINER3,4 1Institute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Academiei str. 1, 2028 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. E-mail: [email protected] 2Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7205 CNRS, Origine, Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité, 45, rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France. E-mail: [email protected] 3Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, Pl–31 - 016 Kraków, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] 4Corresponding author Abstract A new species of the genus Lathriopyga Caroli, from the Republic of Moldova is described and figured. It differs from ż ń its closest relative, Lathriopyga bulgarica Smolis, Skar y ski & Pomorski, by the presence of 3+3 chaetae Di on Abd. V, Di1 as a long macrochaeta, Di2, Di3 as short macrochaetae, presence of three chaetae Oc on head and the form of mandible (with 6–7 denticles appearing as a fringe between apical and basal teeth). Key words:L. nistru sp. nov., chaetotaxy, key, Dniester River, Europe Introduction The genus Lathriopyga Caroli, 1912 was described without designating a type species (Caroli 1910). The genus was validated by Caroli (1912) when he designated as type species Achorutes (Lathriopyga) longisetus. The genus so far comprises nine species distributed across Southern Europe from the Crimea to southern England (including Madeira). During the course of a study of the collembolan fauna in Moldova one species ż ń ş cited was Lathriopyga bulgarica Smolis, Skar y ski & Pomorski, 2004 (Bu machiu & Deharveng 2008). Re- examination of these specimens and of additional material collected in different localities indicates that these Lathriopyga specimens belong to a new species, the tenth species of the genus. We describe the species here and provide a key to all species of Lathriopyga with comments on biogeography. Terminology used in description The terminology used in the text and table are derived from Deharveng (1983), Deharveng and Weiner (1984) and Smolis and Deharveng (2006). Abbreviations. Body parts: Abd.—abdomen, Ant.—antenna, Cx—coxa, Fe—femur, Scx2––subcoxa 2, Ti––tibiotarsus, Th.—thorax, Tr–––trochanter, VT––ventral tube. Groups of chaetae: Ag––antegenital, An–– anal, Fu—furcal, Ve––ventroexternal, Vi—ventrointernal, Vl––ventrolateral. Tubercles: Af—antenno-frontal, Cl—clypeal, De—dorsoexternal, Di––dorsointernal, Dl––dorsolateral, L—lateral, Oc—ocular, So— subocular. Types of chaetae: Ml—long macrochaeta, Mc––short macrochaeta, Mcc—very short macrochaeta, me––mesochaeta, mi—microchaeta, ms––microsensillum, s––sensory chaeta s, or––subapical organite of Ant. IV, mou—dorsal chaetae on Ant. IV (”soies à apex mousse” of Ant. IV), x––labial organite. Material deposition: IZM––Institute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova; ISEA––Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland, MNHN––Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. Accepted by P. Greenslade: 31 Aug. 2010; published: 7 Oct. 2010 53 Taxonomy Lathriopyga nistru sp. nov. Figs 1–8, Table 1 Type material. Republic of Moldova: holotype female (MDA–07–1), 25.iii.2007, village Orheiul Vechi (N ă 47°18´, E 28°57´), riverside of R ut, tributary of Dniester River, calcareous litter, under low shrubs; paratypes male (MDA–07–2), female (MDA–07–7), 25.iii.2007, female (MDA–04–06), 22.iv.2008, the same locality as holotype; juvenile male (MDA–04–4), 25.vii.2004, village Tipova (N 47°37´, E 28°57´), riverside of Dniester, calcareous litter, under low shrubs; subadult female (MDA–05–8), 1.v.2005 village Sipoteni (N 47°20´, E 28°04´), wild apple orchard near the forest, litter with soil; juvenile male (MDA–06–5), 2.v.2006, village Rascova, riverside of Dniester calcareous litter, under low shrubs; 2 males (MDA–09–3, 9), 14.v.2009, village ş Rascaeti (N 46°34´, E 29°45´) steppe, under low shrubs; coll. G. Bu machiu. Holotype and one paratype in ISEA, four paratypes in IZM and one paratype in MNHN. Etymology.The species name refers to the Nistru River, local name of the Dniester River. Description. Body length (without antennae): 0.98–1.43 mm. Habitus typical for Lathriopyga genus. Colour: dark blue-violet to grey-blue. Ocelli pigmented, large and subequal. Tubercles. All dorsal tubercles well developed, some fused—Cl, Af and both Oc, Di and De, L and So on head; Di and De on Th. I; Di + Di on Abd. IV and V; De, Dl and L on Abd. V tergum; Di, De, Dl and L on Abd.VI (Fig. 1). Tubercle (Cl+Af+2Oc) on head with 4 granular areas. Strong cryptopygy (Figs 1 and 8, Tab. 1). Types of chaetae. (i) Five kinds of ordinary chaetae: thick subcylindrical, feebly scaled, narrowly sheathed, rounded (strongly or slightly) apically, long (Ml), medium (Mc) and short macrochaetae (Mcc) (Fig. 6); thin, acuminate, smooth, long to rather short mesochaetae (me) ventrally on the lateral tubercles and on appendages (Fig. 7); Oca on head and An on anal valves as very short, acuminate microchaetae (mi) (Fig. 8). (ii) Dorsal chaetae (mou) on Ant. IV (”soies à apex mousse”). (iii) Four kinds of s-chaetae: long but shorter than nearest macrochaetae on Th. II–Abd. V tergites (sensory chaetae s) (Fig. 1); thick, rather long, bent sensilla on Ant. IV (S1–S8, Fig. 2) and guard sensilla of Ant. III (dorsal Sgd and ventral Sgv, Figs 2 and 3); short internal sensilla on Ant. III (S3 and S4); microsensillum on Ant. III (ms) and on Th. II (in Dl) (Fig. 1). Antennae. Shorter than head (about 3/4 of its length). Antennal segment I with 7 chaetae, antennal segment II with 11 chaetae (one specimen with 12). Antennae III and IV fused dorsally, ventral separation well marked (Figs 2 and 3). Sensory organ of antennal segment III consisting of: two small internal sensilla bent in same direction, two subcylindrical guard sensilla (Sgv longer than Sgd), ventral microsensillum present. Antennal segment IV with mou-chaetae, 8 sensilla, one ordinary chaeta i, subapical organite and trilobed apical vesicle, lacking microsensillum (Figs 2 and 3). Ocelli 2+2. Buccal cone short and wide. Labrum short with 4/2,4 chaetae, labium with 11 chaetae (without chaetae B, b, e, with one long lateral chaeta between labrum and labium) and with two labial organites (Fig. 5). Maxilla styliform with two subapical teeth and lamella with two small denticles at the apex, mandible strong with two apical fork-like teeth, two large basal teeth and 6–7 denticles as fringes visible between apical and basal teeth (Fig. 4). Head chaetotaxy (Tab. 1, Fig. 1). Chaetae Oca as microchaetae (present asymmetrically as mesochaeta on one specimen). Dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 1 and Tab. 1. Sensory chaetae s formula per half tergum 022/11111. Ventral chaetotaxy as in Fig. 8 and in Tab. 1. Thoracic sterna without chaetae. Ventral tube with 4+4 chaetae. No modified ventral chaetae in the male. Appendages. Chaetotaxy as in Tab. 1 and Fig. 7. Claw with very small inner tooth. ż ń Discussion. Lathriopyga nistru sp. nov. is the second species (after L. bulgarica Smolis, Skar y ski & Pomorski, 2004 from neighbourhood of Zvezdets in Strandzha, Bulgaria) of the genus with tubercules Di and De fused on Th. I. Both species are similar in most chaetotaxic characters, but the new species differs from L. bulgarica by the presence of 3+3 chaetae Di on Abd. V, Di1 as a long macrochaeta and Di2 and Di3 as short macrochaetae, the form of mandible (with 6–7 denticles as a fringe between apical and basal teeth), and the Ş 54 · Zootaxa 2639 © 2010 Magnolia Press BU MACHIU ET AL. presence of microchaetae Oca (absent in the holotype and paratype of L. bulgarica). The labral formula of the new species is 4/2,4. The most lateral long chaeta of the labium is intermediate between labrum and labium, and could be the most lateral of the proximal row of labrum, which would give a labral formula 4/4,4 as given by Smolis et al. (2004) for L. bulgarica. FIGURES 1–8. Lathriopyga nistrusp. nov.: 1, dorsal chaetotaxy; 2, antenna dorsally; 3, antenna ventrally; 4, mandible and maxilla; 5, labrum and labium, 6, type of dorsal ordinary chaetae from left: Ml, Mc and Mcc; 7, tibiotarsus III; 8, Abd. III–VI ventrally. NEW SPECIES LATHRIOPYGA Zootaxa 2639 © 2010 Magnolia Press · 55 TABLE 1. Chaetotaxy of Lathriopyga nistru sp. nov. Cephalic chaetotaxy Tubercle Number of chaetae Type of chaetae Chaetae Cl+Af+2Oc + 20 Ml B, F, Ocm, Ocp Mc A, G Mcc or mi C, D, E, Oca Di+De + 3 Ml Di1, De1 Mc De2 Dl + 3 Mc Dl1,Dl2, Mcc Dl4 L+So + 10 Ml L1, So1, So6 Mc L2, L4, So2, So5 Mcc or me L3, So3, So4 Vi 6 Ve 9 Labrum 4/2,4 Labium 11, 2x Ant. I-II 7, 11 (12) Ant. III 18 + 5s Ant. IV 8s+ i+or+12 mou Postcephalic chaetotaxy Di De Dl L Scx2 Cx Tr Fe Ti Th. I ---------3--------- 1 - 0 3 6 13 19 Th. II 3 2+s 3+s+ms 3 2 7–8 6 12 19 Th. III 3 3+s 3+s 3 2 8–9 6 11 18 Abd. I 2 3+s 2 3 VT=4+4 Abd. II 2 3+s 2 3 Ve=4 (Ve1 present) Abd. III 2 3+s 2 4 Fu=4–5me, 0mi Ve=3–6 Abd. IV (2+2) 2+s 3 6 Ve=7–8 Vl=4 Abd. V (3+3) --------------4+s-------------- Ag=3 Vl=1 Abd. VI -----------------6-------------------- Ve=11 An=2 Key to species of Lathriopyga 1 Di and De tubercles fused on Th. I.............................................................................................................................. 2 - Di and De tubercles separate on Th. I...........................................................................................................................3 2 Ditubercles on Abd. V with Di1 as long macrochaeta, Di2 as microchaeta, Di3 absent, Oca absent........................... ż ń ......................................................................................L. bulgarica Smolis, Skar y ski & Pomorski, 2004; Bulgaria - Di tubercles on Abd. V with Di1 as long macrochaeta, Di2 and Di3 as short macrochaetae; Oca as microchaeta....... ........................................................................................................................L. nistrusp. nov.; Republic of Moldova 3 Di separate on Abd. IV, Ant. I with 8 chaetae....................................................L. montana Deharveng, 1985; France - Di fused axially on Abd. IV......................................................................................................................................... 4 4 Chaetotaxy of lateral tubercles very reduced, 2,2/1,1,1,1 from Th. II to Abd. IV......................................................... .................................................................................................L. krizevacensis Barra, 1993; Bosnia and Herzegovina - Chaetotaxy of lateral tubercles at least 3,3/3,3,4,5 from Th. II to Abd. IV..................................................................5 Ş 56 · Zootaxa 2639 © 2010 Magnolia Press BU MACHIU ET AL. 5 Body colour white, ocelli inconspicuous or absent .............................. L. belisaria Cassagnau & Peja, 1979; Greece - Body colour blue or dark blue, 2+2 conspicuous ocelli.............................................................................................. 6 6 Dorsal macrochaetae very thick, bent, cylindrical, Dl on head with 3 chaetae ............................................................. ......................................................................................................... L. willemi Deharveng, 1985; Greece (Lesbos Is.) - Dorsal macrochaeta thickened, subcylindrical to fusiform. Dl on head with 6 chaetae ............................................ 7 7 Granular areas on Af tubercle of head absent......................................... L. hellenica Ellis, 1974; Greece (Rhodes Is.) - Four granular areas on Af tubercle of head .................................................................................................................8 8 Mandible tridentate.......................................................................... L. microchaeta Cassagnau & Peja, 1979; Greece - Mandible with at least five teeth.................................................................................................................................. 9 9 Maxilla styliform...............................................................................L. longiseta Caroli, 1912; south-western Europe - Maxilla made of several lamellae, including one tridentate apically and one ciliated .................................................. .............................................................................................................L. primigenia Cassagnau & Peja, 1979; Greece Lathriopyga longiseta flava Caroli, 1912 is a species inquirenda because of an inadequate original description and is not included in the key. It could be an albino form of L. longiseta or a good species. Biogeography Biogeographically, the genus Lathriopyga comprises nine short range species, as well as the widespread species, L. longiseta. The former are found from French southwestern Alps to Dniester River in Black Sea basin, but are rare. The main centre of diversification appears to be Greece, where five species, as well as L. longiseta, occur (Ellis 1974, Cassagnau & Peja 1979, Deharveng 1985), while many species remain to be described. In contrast, L. longiseta, described from Italy, has a wide distributional range, being found in south- western England, the Italian Peninsula, Sardinia, Corsica, Germany, Croatia, Albania, Greece (including Crete), Romania and Madeira (Deharveng 2004). However, several of these records, Germany in particular, need confirmation. The presence of this species in several localities on Madeira (Gama 1964), apparently not in disturbed areas, is anomalous. Acknowledgment ż ń We are indebted to Adrian Smolis and Dariusz Skar y ski (University of Wrocław), and Penelope Greenslade (University of Ballarat) for their critical reading of the manuscript and helpful comments. 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