A New Species of Styloceras (Buxaceae) from Peru Alwyn H. Gentry Missouri Botanical Garden, P.0. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166, U.S.A. Gerardo Ay mar d C. UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa de R.N.R. Herbario Universitario, Mesa de Cavacas, Portuguesa, Venezuela 3323 ABSTRACT. A new species of Buxaceae from the pedicels glabrous, 1-2 cm long, with several small central Peruvian Andes is described as Styloceras triangular bracts 1-1.5 mm long, the minute calyx penninervium. persistent, with 5 triangular lobes, the two conspic¬ uous stigmas persistent, recurved at apex, ca. 2 cm While revising collections of Styloceras during long, the bases separated by 1 cm, irregularly de¬ the process of identifying the first collection of this hiscing. genus from Venezuela (Bautista & Aymard, in press), Distribution. Known only from the eastern slope the junior author discovered two specimens that do of the central Peruvian Andes between 1,800 and not fit any of the described species. He brought 1,850 m. them to the attention of the senior author, who has Styloceras penninervium differs from all four of previously studied this genus (Gentry & Foster, the previously known Styloceras species in its pin¬ 1981). We concur that they represent a new species, nately veined leaves, not at all triplinerved at the which is described here. base. It also has the secondary veins less prominent below than in any of the known species. On the Styloceras penninervium A. Gentry & Aymard, basis of the large fruits, one of the specimens of S. penninervium was originally identified (with a query) sp. nov. TYPE: Peru. Junin: Provincia Tarma, as a variant of lowland S. brokawii A. Gentry & sector “Agua Dulce,” 1,800 m, 23 Mar. 1948 (fl), Woytkowski 35497 (holotype, MO). Fig¬ R. Foster, the species that is also most similar in having the least strongly 3-veined leaves heretofore ure 1. known in the genus. However, S. brokawii differs Arbor parva dioecia. Folia anguste elliptica, glabra, in the very different, more slender male inflores¬ coriacea, pinnatim nervata. Inflorescentia masculina ax- cence with smaller (1 mm long) bracts subtending ilaris, spicata, 3-6 cm longa, floribus apetalis, subsessi- libus, bracteolis ovatis subtentis, antheris 2-2.5 mm lon- smaller flowers with anthers ca. 1 mm long. It also gis. Fructus globosus 2-2.5 cm diametro, stigmatum is distinct in the much thinner leaf texture and more duorum elongatorum basibus disjunctis 1 cm. broadly elliptic leaves with a distinctly 3-plinerved base. On the basis of the relatively dense inflores¬ Dioecious shrub or small tree to 4 m tall, the cence, rather large anthers, and coriaceous leaves, branchlets glabrous, striate. Leaves alternate, 12- S. penninervium is closer to S. laurifolium (Willde- 18 cm long, 5-9 cm wide, elliptic to narrowly el¬ now) HBK, which grows at higher altitudes (2,300- liptic, coriaceous, glabrous above and below, the 3,800 m), and differs strongly in the more pro¬ margin revolute, apex acutish, sometimes minutely nounced secondary veins and especially in having emarginate, cuneate at base, the midvein prominent the basal pair of lateral veins strongly ascending. It below and impressed above, pinnately veined, the also differs in having a smaller fruit 1.5-2 cm in secondary veins plane above and nearly plane below, diameter. the tertiary venation barely visible, plane above and below; petioles canaliculate, glabrous, 2-3 cm long, Paratype. PERU. Pasco: Provincia Oxapampa, 5 km 2-3 mm wide. Masculine inflorescence an axillary SE of Oxapampa, 1,850 m, 75°23'W, 10°36’S, 1 Feb. spike, in fascicles of 1-3, glabrous, striate, 3-6 cm 1983 (fr), D. Smith 3206 (MO, USM). long, the apetalous flowers subsessile on pedicel ca. 1 mm long, subtended by an acuminate deltoid-ovate Key to the Five Species of SmocERAS bract 3-4 mm long and 2-3 mm wide; the flowers la. Leaves pinnately veined; secondary veins below apetalous, the 12-17 naked anthers 2-2.5 mm long. plane or barely prominulous . Fruits pedicellate, globose, 2-2.5 cm diam., the .... S. penninervium A. Gentry & G. Aymard C. Novon 3: 142-144. 1993. Volume 3, Number 2 Gentry & Aymard 143 1993 Styloceras penninervium Figure 1. Styloceras penninervium A. Gentry & Aymard. —A. Habit (Woytkowski 35497, MO). —B. Fruit (D. Smith 3206, MO). 144 Novon lb. Leaves 3-plinerved; secondary veins prominent membranaceous, weakly 3-veined below. from near base; anthers 1 mm 2a. Stigma bases fused in fruit; tertiary veins long; fruit 2-3 cm diam.; lowland distinctly raised below . Bolivia and southern Peru .... .S. columnare Muller Argoviensis S. brokaivii A. Gentry & R. Foster 2b. Stigma bases separated by > 3 mm in fruit; tertiary veins plane below, the lower sur¬ Acknowledgments. The junior author thanks the face smooth between the secondary nerves. curators of MO and NY for hospitality and help 3a. Inflorescence consistently monoe¬ during the visits to their herbaria. We thank Nidia cious, with apical female flowers; an¬ Cuello for reviewing the manuscript and P. Bick for thers 3 mm long; Ecuador . . S. kunthianum Jussieu the illustration. 3b. Plants mostly dioecious (rarely with a female flower at base of male inflo¬ Literature Cited rescence); anthers 1-2 mm long; Bo¬ Bautista, J. & G. Aymard. El genero Styloceras (Bux- livia to Venezuela. aceae) en los Andes de Venezuela. Biollania 9 (in 4a. Leaves coriaceous, strongly press). 3-veined from near base; anthers Gentry, A. H. & R. Foster. 1981. A new Peruvian 1.5-2 mm long; fruit 1.5-2 cm Styloceras (Buxaceae): Discovery of a phytogeo- diam.; southern Peru to Vene¬ graphical missing link. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 68: zuela, above 2,200 in. . . . S. Inurifolium (Willdenow) HBK 122-124. 4b. Leaves chartaceous or firmly