© Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, 2008 Hitherto unknown morphs of two species of the genus Aphis (Homoptera: Aphididae) A.V. Stekolshchikov, N.V. Leshchinskaya & S.V. Buga Stekolshchikov, A.V., Leshchinskaya, N.V. & Buga, S.V. 2008. Hitherto unknown morphs of two species of the genus Aphis (Homoptera: Aphididae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 17(1): 73-78. For the fi rst time, Aphis subviridis (Börner, 1940) and A. polygonata (Nevsky, 1929) are recorded from Byelorussia. Geographical points of species registrations are listed. The fi rst descriptions of oviparous females and male of A. subviridis and male of A. polygonata are given. A.V. Stekolshchikov, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] N.V. Leshchinskaya & S.V. Buga, Zoological Department, Byelorussian State University, pr. Nezavisimosti 4, Minsk 220030, Republic of Belarus. E-mail: [email protected] During aphidological research in 2007 two species (Szelegiewicz, 1966), Ukraine (Bozhko, 1976), of the genus Aphis L., Aphis subviridis (Börner, Mediterranean France (Leclant, 1978) and Latvia 1940) and A. polygonata (Nevsky, 1929), have (Rupais, 1989). In autumn 2007 apterous vivipa- been registered for the fi rst time on the terri- rous females of A. subviridis was collected on root tory of Byelorussia. Aphids on plants have been collar of P. argentea in one geographic point near transferred to a laboratory, where adult sexuales Minsk. Males and oviparous females appeared in appeared in September. Since the morphological laboratory condition in September. descriptions of male and oviparous females of A. Oviparous female. Elliptic or elongated-el- subviridis and male of A. polygonata were absent, liptic, body 1.6-2.1 (1.8) times as long as wide. the detailed ones are given in the article. When alive, yellow-green, with dark apices of All measurements (always in µm), number of antennal segments, pale yellow legs and yellow- hairs, rhinaria, etc., and indexes are presented by green siphunculi and cauda. Cleared specimens extreme variants and in brackets by arithmetical with dark brown frons, with brown 5th and 6th mean, for example 254-325 (287). Microscope antennal segments, siphunculi, cauda, anal and slides are stored in collections of the Zoological subgenital plates; with light brown head (except Institute of RAS (St. Petersburg). In the description of frons), 1st-5th antennal segments (except of hitherto unknown morphs of Aphis subviridis, for base of 3rd and apex of 5th segments), 3rd oviparous female is examined in more detail and and 4th rostral segments, legs and peritremes for male differences from oviparous female are on all segments, with very light brown band on specifi ed only. abdominal tergites VIII. Dorsal surface of thorax not sclerotized. Abdominal dorsum with very Aphis subviridis (Börner, 1940) light brown band on abdominal tergites VIII only. (Table, Figs 1-12) Surface of head and pronotum reticulate (contour of cells on head formed by strongly smoothed- Material. Byelorussia, Minsk Prov.: 18.IX.2007, Minsk out, fl at spinules, on pronotum by wrinkles), of Distr., Sosny forestry, sandy edge of forest road, on root meso- and metanotum and abdominal tergites I-VI collar of Potentilla argentea L., then in culture, 3 male, distinctly wrinkled, of tergite VII-VIII with the sample no.11-07, 26.IX.2007, 11 oviparous females, sample no.12-07, 26.IX.2007, N.V. Leshchinskaya. rows of small dentiform spinules which partially Aphis subviridis has been described by Börner fused and forming long scales; surface of ventral in his work ‘Neue Blattläuse aus Mitteleurope’ side of pro- and mesothorax wrinkled with some (1940) as Cerosipha subviridis from apterous pointed spinules, of ventral side of metathorax viviparous females from Potentilla argentea L. and abdomen with long rows of small dentiform Later the species has been registered in Poland spinules frequently forming strongly stretched 74 A.V. Stekolshchikov et al.: Morphs of Aphis • ZOOSYST. ROSSICA Vol. 17 Figs 1-12. Aphis subviridis. 1, body of oviparous female; 2, abdomen of male; 3, front of oviparous female; 4-5, antenna (4, of oviparous female; 5, of male); 6, ultimate segment of rostrum of oviparous female; 7, hind tarsus of oviparous female; 8, hind tibia of oviparous female; 9-10, siphunculi (9, of oviparous female; 10, of male); 11-12, cauda (11, of oviparous female; 12, of male). cells. Hairs on dorsal and ventral surface of thorax in 18% of specimens and on segment V in 27% of and abdomen short, blunt, almost rod-shaped, or specimens) and marginal tubercles present also on very weakly capitate; longest dorsal, marginal segment VI in 45% of specimens (2 tubercles in and ventral hairs on abdominal tergite III 10-13 9% of specimens); marginal tubercles protuberant (11), 10-13 (12) and 10-18 (13) µm long, 0.57- or strongly protuberant, semicircular or nipple- 0.82 (0.67), 0.62-0.91 (0.71) and 0.57-1.27 (0.79) shaped, on prothorax and abdominal segment times as long as articular diameter of 3rd antennal VII large, on segments I-IV smaller, diameter of segment, respectively; marginal hairs 1, 2, 1-3, 2, tubercles 1.0-3.3 times the height of tubercles. 2-3, 2 and 0-1 on each side of abdominal segments Head without traces of epicranial coronal suture. I-VII; abdominal tergite III with 1-2 (1.9) dorsal Frontal tubercles low; median tubercle surpass- hairs; tergite VI with 2 hairs between siphunculi; ing the level of antennal tubercles. Occipital and tergite VIII with 8-12 (9.6) hairs, 14-20 (17) µm frontal hairs short, blunt, almost rod-shaped, long, 0.85-1.45 (1.03) times as long as articular longest occipital and frontal hairs 10-13 (11) µm diameter of 3rd antennal segment. Light marginal long, 0.57-0.77 (0.66) and 0.57-0.83 (0.70) times tubercles always present on prothorax, I and VII as long as articular diameter of 3rd antennal seg- abdominal segments, almost always on II-V ab- ment, respectively. Antennae 6-segmented in 46% dominal segments (one marginal tubercle absent of specimens, one (in 27% of specimens) or both on segment II in 9% of specimens, on segment III antennae (in 27% of specimens) 5-segmented due ZOOSYST. ROSSICA Vol. 17 • A.V. Stekolshchikov et al.: Morphs of Aphis 75 Table. Biometric data for Aphis subviridis (Börner, 1940) and A. polygonata (Nevsky, 1929). Aphis Aphis subviridis polygonata Oviparous Morph Males Males females Number of samples / specimens 1/11 1/3 1/2 1259-1726 1147-1218 1173-1208 Length of body (1462) (1194) (1193) 583-680 583-608 936-980 Length of antennae (638) (594) (959) 0.38-0.50 0.48-0.52 0.79-0.81 Length of antennae / length of body (0.44) (0.50) (0.80) 254-325 233-249 315-335 length (287) (240) (324) Hind femura 0.74-0.84 0.65-0.72 0.98-1.01 length / head width across the compound eyes (0.79) (0.69) (1.00) 344-387 343-360 Head width across the compound eyes 332 (361) (350) 12-15 9-14 Number of marginal tubercles 6 (14) (11.3) 84-96 71-88 76-87 length of base (90) (77) (82) 144-172 131-159 174-181 6th antennal length of processus terminalis (160) (143) (178) segment 1.68-1.91 1.63-2.25 2.01-2.30 length of processsus terminalis / length of base (1.78) (1.88) (2.17 104-121 97-101 lenght 89 (114) (99) 0.30-0.34 0.27-0.29 head width across the compound eyes 0.27 Ultimate rostral (0.32) (0.28) segment 1.20-1.38 1.28-1.36 0.89-0.96 length / length of 2nd segment of hind tarsus (1.32) (1.32) (0.91) 1.17-1.38 1.11-1.43 1.01-1.17 length of base of 6th antennal segment (1.27) (1.30) (1.08) 82-89 73-77 92-100 lenght (86) (75) (97) 2nd segment of 0.23-0.25 0.21-0.22 0.29-0.30 head width across the compound eyes hind tarsus (0.24) (0.22) (0.30) length / 0.92-1.00 0.95-1.07 1.11-1.30 length of base of 6th antennal segment (0.96) (1.01) (1.19) 83-124 73-81 56-63 length (109) (77) (59) Siphunculi 2.20-3.36 2.40-2.78 1.64-1.69 length / width of siphunculi at half length (2.91) (2.57) (1.67) 96-106 89-94 Length of cauda 78 (102) (91) 0.85-1.18 0.94-1.03 0.62-0.68 Length of siphunculi / length of cauda (1.05) (0.99) (0.64) 76 A.V. Stekolshchikov et al.: Morphs of Aphis • ZOOSYST. ROSSICA Vol. 17 to more or less complete fusing of 3rd and 4th and 0.73-1.09 (0.92) times as long as articular segments, without secondary rhinaria. Hairs on diameter of 3rd antennal segment, respectively; antennae rod-shaped or very weakly capitate; lon- marginal hairs 1, 1-2, 1-2, 2, 2, 1-2 and 1-3 on each gest hair on 3rd segment 9-10 (10) µm long, 0.50- side of abdominal segments I-VII; tergite VIII 0.73 (0.60) times as long as articular diameter of with 2-3 (2.3) hairs, 14-19 (16) µm long, 0.92- the segment; basal part of 6th antennal segment 1.67 (1.16) times as long as articular diameter of with 2-3 (2.9) hairs, longest hair 0.73-0.91 (0.80) 3rd antennal segment. Light marginal tubercles times as long as articular diameter of basal part always present on prothorax, abdominal segments of the segment. Rostrum reaching metathorax or I and VII, 2 marginal tubercles also present on ab- abdominal segment II. Ultimate rostral segment dominal segment II in 2 of 3 specimens, marginal elongate wedge-shaped with slightly concave tubercles present on segment III in all specimens sides, 2.21-2.82 (2.50) times as long as its basal (2 tubercles in 1 specimen), on abdominal segment width, with 2 accessory hairs. Hind femora and IV in 2 of 3 specimens (2 tubercles in 1 specimen), and one tubercle present on segment V in all hind tibiae 0.18-0.21 (0.20) and 0.31-0.36 (0.33) specimens and on VI in 2 specimens. Frontal tu- times as long as body, respectively. Hairs on legs bercles not marked. Longest occipital and frontal rod-shaped, very weakly capitate or pointed; hairs 0.67-1.11 (0.84) and 0.67-0.89 (0.77) times ventral hair on hind trochanter 0.27-0.53 (0.35) as long as articular diameter of 3rd antennal seg- times as long as basal diameter of hind femur; ment, respectively. Antennae 6-segmented, with longest dorsal, ventral and dorso-apical hairs incomplete separation of 3rd and 4th segments, or on hind femur 13-15 (14), 24-29 (25) and 10-13 5-segmented. Secondary rhinaria 9-24 (14.3) on (12) µm long, respectively; longest dorsal hair on 3rd antennal segment, 9-16 (11.5) on 4th segment, hind tibia 33-53 (38) µm long, 0.72-1.50 (1.06) 2-6 (4.2) on 5th segment, rounded or oval, very times as long as mid-diameter of the latter. Hind weakly projecting, with external contour 6.3-20.0 tibia with 14-32 (22.0) rounded pheromone plates. times as long as high. Hairs on antennae blunt or Chaetotaxy of fi rst tarsal segments 3, 3, 2 and pointed; longest hair on 3rd segment 0.64-0.78 only sometimes one fore or middle tarsus with 2 (0.70) times as long as articular diameter of the hairs. 2nd segment of hind tarsus 4.00-4.38 (4.22) segment; longest hair on basal part of 6th antennal times as long as its maximum width, with 1-2 (1.3) segment 0.67-0.78 (0.72) times as long as articular ventral hairs in addition to the three apical pairs, diameter of basal part of the segment. Ultimate dorsal hairs absent. Siphunculi faintly narrowed rostral segment wedge-shaped with straight or to apex, almost cylindrical, imbricate, with small slightly convex sides, 1.70-2.00 (1.85) times as fl anges, 2.50-3.77 (3.13) times as long as their long as its basal width. Hairs on legs blunt or basal width, 0.06-0.08 (0.08) times as long as pointed; ventral hair on hind trochanter 0.29-0.35 body and 0.50-0.98 (0.75) times as long as 3rd (0.32) times as long as basal diameter of hind antennal segment. Subgenital plate oval, with femur; longest dorsal, ventral and dorso-apical 16-20 (18.1) hairs on anterior half and 13-20 hairs on hind femur 10, 11-13 (12) and 6-10 (8) (15.9) blunt, rod-shaped or pointed hairs along µm long, respectively; longest dorsal hair on hind hind margin. Hairs on anal plate fi nely pointed. tibia 30-38 (33) µm long, 1.04-1.25 (1.15) times Cauda triangular, elongated-triangular or almost as long as mid-diameter of the latter. 2nd segment short tongue-shaped, 0.79-1.02 (0.90) times as of hind tarsus 3.59-4.21 (3.78) times as long as long as its basal width, with 8-10 (8.8) long, fi nely its maximum width. Siphunculi almost cylindri- pointed or pointed hairs. cal, 2.06-3.94 (2.71) times as long as their basal Measurements. Body 1680 × 1066; antennae width, 0.06-0.07 (0.06) times as long as body and 680: III 139 × 25, IV 91, V 83, VI 94+167; hind 0.38-0.71 (0.56) times as long as 3rd antennal femur 325; hind tibia 518; siphunculus 124 × 38; segment. Cauda triangular, with rounded apex cauda 106 × 134 (at base) ×104 (before base). and slight constriction, 0.82-1.15 (0.93) times as Male. Apterous. Elongated-elliptic, body 2.0-2.1 long as its basal width, with 4-6 (5.0) long, fi nely times as long as wide. When alive, yellow-green, pointed or pointed hairs. with dark apices of antennae, brown siphun- Measurements. Body 1147 × 579; antennae 599: culi with dark apices and brown cauda. Cleared III 121 × 33, IV 80, V 78, VI 71+159; hind femur specimens with dark brown head and antennae, 233; hind tibia 406; siphunculus 73 × 29; cauda with brown apices of tibia. Surface of abdomi- 78 × 95 (at base) × 82 (before base). nal tergite VI with the rows of small dentiform spinules which partially fused and forming long Aphis polygonata (Nevsky, 1929) scales. Hairs on dorsal and ventral surface of (Table, Figs 13-19) thorax and abdomen short, blunt or, very rarely, Material. Byelorussia, Minsk: viviparous females, ruder- pointed; longest dorsal, marginal and ventral hairs al vegetation, on stems of Polygonum arenastrum Boreau, on abdominal tergite III 10, 8-11 (9) and 10-15 then in culture, 2 male, sample no. 9-07, 17.IX.2007, (13) µm long, 0.67-0.73 (0.71), 0.55-0.82 (0.65) N.V. Leshchinskaya. ZOOSYST. ROSSICA Vol. 17 • A.V. Stekolshchikov et al.: Morphs of Aphis 77 Figs 13-19. Aphis polygonata, male. 13, abdomen; 14, front; 15, antenna; 16, ultimate segment of rostrum; 17, hind tarsus; 18, siphunculi; 19, cauda. Aphis polygonata has been described by on stems of Polygonum arenastrum Boreau (S.V. Nevsky in 1929 as Pergandeida polygonata from Buga); no. 9-07 Minsk: viviparous females, ruder- apterous and alate viviparous females collected in al vegetation, VIII.2007, on stems of Polygonum Uzbekistan (Tashkent, Samarkand) from Polygo- arenastrum Boreau (N.V. Leshchinskaya), then num aviculare L. s.l., Polygonum argyrocoleon in laboratory conditions, where males appeared Steud.ex G.Kunze and Polygonum equlsetiforme in September. Sibth.et Sm. Hille Ris Lambers in 1931 described Male. Elliptic, body 2.0 times as long as wide. Doralis avicularis from apterous and alate vi- When alive, almost black, antennae light with viparous females collected in Holland (Lith), dark apices of segments, femora and tarsi black, Switzerland (Züruch) and Italy (Merano). Börner tibia light, siphunculi and cauda dirty olive- (1952) considered that D. avicularis H.R.L. is a coloured. Cleared specimens with dark brown synonym of Aphis polygonata (Nevsky, 1929) (as head, thorax, 1st-2nd antennal segment, 3rd and Cerosipha polygonata (Nevsky, 1929)) without 4th rostral segments, coxae, femora (except for any comment, but fi nally the synonymy have their bases), apices of tibia, anal plates and cauda, been established by Remaudière and Remaudière with brown 3rd-6th antennal segments (except (1997) only. In their work registration of alate for base of 3rd segment), sclerites at bases of males from Iran is mentioned, but their descrip- hind coxae, tarsi, intersegmental plates, marginal tion is absent. maculae and peritremes on abdominal segments; To present day A. polygonata was registered with light brown base of 3rd antennal segment, in Europe, Middle East, Central Asia, North bases of femora, tibia (except for their bases), America (USA: California) (Blackman, Eastop, apices), bands on abdominal tergites VII-VIII and 2006) and also in Western Siberia (Ivanovskaja, siphunculi. Abdominal dorsum with light brown 1977). In Byelorussia the species were collected marginal maculae on segments II-IV, thin bands in 4 geographical points: no. 97-050 Minsk: on abdominal tergites VII-VIII and peritremes on viviparous females, Central botany gardens of abdominal segments I-VII. Surface of head and National academy of Science of Belarus, ruderal thorax smooth, of abdominal tergites I-VI reticu- vegetation, 13.VII.1997, on stems of Polygonum late (contour of cells formed by thick, irregular arenastrum Boreau (S.V. Buga); no. 00-805 line), of tergites VII-VIII with the rows of pointed Gomel Prov.: viviparous females, Gomel, valley or smoothed-out spinules which partially fused of Sozh river, ruderal vegetation, 5.VIII.2000, on and forming long scales; surface of ventral side of stems of Polygonum arenastrum Boreau (S.V. abdomen with long rows of small pointed spinules Buga); no. 02-200 Vitebsk Prov.: viviparous fe- frequently forming strongly stretched cells. Hairs males, Rossony, ruderal vegetation, 1.VII.2007, on dorsal surface of thorax and abdomen blunt 78 A.V. Stekolshchikov et al.: Morphs of Aphis • ZOOSYST. ROSSICA Vol. 17 or pointed, on ventral surface pointed or fi nely segment of hind tarsus 4.29-4.88 (4.59) times as pointed; longest dorsal, marginal and ventral hairs long as its maximum width, with 1-2 (1.5) ventral on abdominal tergite III 15, 16-18 (17) and 23-25 and 0-1 (0.75) dorsal hairs in addition to the three (24) µm long, 0.86, 0.93-1.00 (0.96) and 1.29- apical pairs. Siphunculi short, narrowed to apex, 1.43 (1.36) times as long as articular diameter weakly conical, imbricate, with small fl anges, of 3rd antennal segment, respectively; marginal 1.28-1.69 (1.43) times as long as their basal width, hairs 1-3, 2-3, 2, 1-2, 2, 2 and 1 on each side of 0.05 times as long as body and 0.20-0.22 (0.21) abdominal segments I-VII; abdominal tergite times as long as 3rd antennal segment. Hairs on III with 1-2 dorsal hairs; tergite VI with 2 hairs anal plate fi nely pointed. Cauda triangular, 0.88 between siphunculi; tergite VIII with 2 hairs, 20 times as long as its basal width, with 4-6 (5.0) µm long, 1.14 times as long as articular diameter fi nely pointed hairs. of 3rd antennal segment. Very light brown Measurements. Body 1178 × 599, fore marginal tubercles present only on prothorax, I wing 1736, antennae 936: III 281 × 29, IV 180, and VII abdominal segments, they are strongly V 114, VI 76 + 174; hind femur 335, hind tibia protuberant, nipple-shaped, not large, diameter 589, siphunculus 58 × 35; cauda 94 × 106 (at base) of tubercles 0.5-1.4 times the height of tubercles. × 82 (before base). Head without traces of epicranial coronal suture. Frontal tubercles almost not marked; median tu- Acknowledgements bercle surpassing the level of antennal tubercles. Occipital and frontal hairs blunt or pointed, The authors are grateful to G.J. Zubkevich and T.A. Sau- longest occipital and frontal hairs 12, 18-19 (18) tkina (Byelorussian State University, Minsk) for their help in the process of determining of host plants of aphids. µm long, 0.71 and 1.00-1.07 (1.04) times as long as articular diameter of 3rd antennal segment, References respectively. Antennae 6-segmented. Secondary rhinaria 18-23 (20.8) on 3rd antennal segment, Börner, C. 1940. Neue Blattläuse aus Mitteleurope. Na- 11-15 (13.0) on 4th segment, 5-10 (7.0) on 5th seg- umburg. 4 p. ment; secondary rhinaria rounded or oval, weakly Börner, C. 1952. Europae centralis Aphides. Mitt. Thüring. projecting, with external contour 2.0-5.8 times as botanisch. Ges., Beiheft 3(1-2): 1-484. long as high. Hairs on antennae pointed; longest Bozhko, M.P. 1976. Tli kormovykh rastenij [Aphids of the hair on 3rd segment 13-15 (14) µm long, 0.71- nutritious plants]. Kharkov: Vishtsha shkola, Kharkov Gos. Univ. 135 p. (In Russian). 0.86 (0.79) times as long as articular diameter of Ivanovskaja, O.I. 1977. Tli Zapadnoj Sibiri. Semejstvo the segment; basal part of 6th antennal segment Aphididae [Aphids of the Western Siberia. Family Aph- with 1-2 (1.5) hairs, longest hair 0.60-0.80 (0.69) ididae]. Novosibirsk: Nauka. 328 p. (In Russian). times as long as articular diameter of basal part Leclant, F. 1978. Étude bioécologique des Aphides de la of the segment. Rostrum reaching metathorax. région méditerranéenne. Implications Agronomiques. Thèse de Doctorat d’Etat., Acad. Montpelier, Univ. Ultimate rostral segment wedge, 1.75-1.94 (1.85) Sciences Techniq., Languedoc. 318 p. times as long as its basal width, with 2 accessory Nevsky, V.P. 1929. Tli Srednej Asii [The plant lice of Middle hairs. Hind femora and hind tibiae 0.26-0.28 Asia]. Tr. Uzbek. Opytn. St. Zashch. Rast., 16: 1-425. (0.27) and 0.49-0.50 (0.49) times as long as body, (In Russian). respectively. Hairs on legs pointed or, rarely, fi nly Remaudière, G. & Remaudière, M. 1997. Catalogue of the word’s Aphididae. Paris: INRA Editions. 474 p. pointed; ventral hair on hind trochanter 0.69-0.86 Rupais, A.A. 1989. Tli (Aphidodea) Latvii [The aphids (0.75) times as long as basal diameter of hind (Aphidodea) of Latvia]. Riga: Zinatne. 331 p. (In femur; longest dorsal, ventral and dorso-apical Russian). hairs on hind femur 13-18 (16), 20-25 (22) and Szelegiewicz, H. 1966. Ergänzungen zur Blattlausfauna 11-13 (12) µm long, respectively; longest dorsal (Homoptera: Aphididae) Polens. Fragm. Faun., 12(25): hair on hind tibia 25-33 (28) µm long, 0.67-0.86 429-455. (0.75) times as long as mid-diameter of the later. Chaetotaxy of fi rst tarsal segments 3, 3, 2. 2nd Received 10 May 2008, accepted 10 June 2008.