Emilio Bartezzaghi · Raffaella Cagliano Federico Caniato · Stefano Ronchi Editors A Journey through Manufacturing and Supply Chain Strategy Research A Tribute to Professor Gianluca Spina A Journey through Manufacturing and Supply Chain Strategy Research Emilio Bartezzaghi · Raffaella Cagliano Federico Caniato · Stefano Ronchi Editors A Journey through Manufacturing and Supply Chain Strategy Research A Tribute to Professor Gianluca Spina 1 3 Editors Emilio Bartezzaghi Federico Caniato School of Management School of Management Politecnico di Milano Politecnico di Milano Milan Milan Italy Italy Raffaella Cagliano Stefano Ronchi School of Management School of Management Politecnico di Milano Politecnico di Milano Milan Milan Italy Italy ISBN 978-3-319-31103-6 ISBN 978-3-319-31104-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-31104-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016935569 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. 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Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland Foreword by Giovanni Azzone I met Gianluca Spina for the first time in the end of the 1980s, just after he graduated in Electronic Engineering at Politecnico di Milano. Ever since then, we have been colleagues, at the Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering and at the business school, and close friends. This makes it very difficult for me to distinguish between the man and the sci- entist, as I shared most of my professional and personal life with him. Luca was so active and so full of ideas for the future that I am still unable to fully realise that he will not be able to apply them in practice or see the results of his actions. However, as men of culture and science, we do know that our role in the world is not measured by the time we spend here, but rather by the effects of our ideas. And I am very happy that some of Prof. Spina’s ideas are collected in this book, with commentary from the most important scholars in the field of research into manufacturing and supply chain strategy. The papers show the leading role that Prof. Spina covered in the field over more than 20 years, since the early 1990s, when he, with Emilio Bartezzaghi, started his research at Politecnico di Milano. They also clarify the approach employed by Prof. Spina, to combine a sound strategic framework with a wide empirical basis, and always keeping in mind the social role of his studies, where the results should not only be of academic interest but should also have the aim of increasing the competitiveness of real manufacturing companies. They also show how Gianluca was a key man in the network of international researchers promoting the development of new paradigms for European manu- facturing and, above all, his capacity to create a strong group of clever scholars. These scholars—from Raffaella Cagliano to Stefano Ronchi, from Giulio Zotteri to Federico Caniato, to name a few of the better known—will be the biggest leg- acy that Gianluca and his passion has left to our world. Giovanni Azzone Rector, Politecnico di Milano v Foreword by Cristina Masella I met Luca many years ago, at the start of our careers. We were on the second floor of the Electronics Department, “shoved” into offices that were a bit too small and (at least mine) very untidy, but with the advantage of being close together. What I remember about those days were the expeditions to the EurOMA confer- ences, schools and AiIG conferences, and the enthusiasm and energy with which we faced every new project. We progressed through the university together and shared many important moments in our careers, but until 7 years ago, Luca for me was “only” a close col- league whom I admired for his vision and lucid analyses. This changed on the day when he asked me in for a meeting and, playing an exclusion game that I learnt to know well, convinced me—in agreement with his life-long friend Giovanni Azzone—to stand for Director of the Department of Management Engineering. I, therefore, want to talk about the Luca Spina of this last period and my co-exist- ence with him in my “tsarina” role (which is what Luca called me as a joke). Luca was naturally very intuitive, he was capable of seeing far ahead and, when he took a decision, he travelled much faster than most of us. He found my prudent approach extremely irritating, and often over-influenced by the contingent situa- tion. There were countless episodes of attrition between us. Over the years, how- ever, we learnt how to reconcile his impetuousness and my prudence, his vision and my policy of small steps. I am sure that, without his drive, today we would not be the School of Management that we have become. Luca was a natural leader, and this often meant that he took on a dominant role when decisions were being made, in particular, when he was taking on a project. I can remember, for example, during the time when he was President of AiIG, his work to spread the culture of research of quality within our academic community, or the long process of transforming the MIP consortium into a consortium com- pany, or again, the evolution of SoM’s organisational structure, which, I am sure, is behind many of our results. Luca was intelligent, stubborn and prickly with incredibly strong work and business ethics. We totally agreed on these points. Possibly because, underneath, vii viii Foreword by Cristina Masella we were not very different. This led to us having a very high level of confidence: “our” moments came during the EFMD Conferences for Deans and Directors. During these two highly intensive days, we used to discuss—while respecting our mutual responsibilities—wrong decisions, errors made, counter-productive behav- iour, unmet targets. And we obviously returned to Milan full of good proposals and with a bundle of projects. He running, I trotting. This, and many other things that cannot fit into this introduction, transformed a dear colleague into a friend to whom I owe so much of my recent professional growth. Cristina Masella Head of the Department of Management Economics and Industrial Engineering Politecnico di Milano Foreword by Andrea Sianesi I started knowing Gianluca in 2001–2002. In those days, Emilio Bartezzaghi was President of MIP, Gianluca ran the Master in Business Administration and I had just returned to Politecnico after a short interval at LIUC. The first project that I was involved in was to study, with Gianluca, and then launch, the International MBA. Thinking back to what MIP was then and comparing it with today is the best way to understand what Gianluca has helped us to build over 15 years, many in a leadership position, leaving his own highly personal imprint. Gianluca belonged to that tiny platoon of colleagues who, right from the begin- ning of this century, strongly believed in the power of internalisation as a tool to grow and survive competition. Until 2003, no courses were taught in English, while today, at MIP, we have 11 international Master’s programmes and most of our students on Master’s courses are from other countries. Gianluca was a firm believer in meritocracy and in quality above all else, with no compromise. Today, the School of Management has embarked on a new journey towards our remaining accreditation, AACSB, after having successfully gained recognition from ASFOR, AMBA and EQUIS. EQUIS, in particular, was a challenge that Gianluca pushed strongly and he spent an incredible amount of time on the process. Even daring to think about such a difficult process 10 years ago, when there was only one international programme at MIP and all our faculty were Italian, indicates how much Gianluca believed in the school’s process of development, a journey that was so cleanly mapped out in his mind that he knew exactly what strategic actions had to be taken. Internationalisation was one challenge, digitalisation was the next. The term Smart Learning, which outlines the direction of MIP programmes (and not just theirs) over the next years, was invented by Gianluca. Smart Learning is certainly his greatest achievement and our inheritance, determined by his ability to see far ahead. While, 15 years ago, internationalisation may have seemed a great novelty for us, although others had understood its immense potential, it was different for digitalisation. With Gianluca, MIP took on the role of innovator, and because of him, the school is now among the first movers globally in this area. ix x Foreword by Andrea Sianesi Finally, Gianluca firmly believed in the process of management and management methods. Being the driving force to get people to develop, whether researchers or MIP staff, challenging them by giving them increasingly more challenging posi- tions, tasks and responsibilities, is a great quality, and he showed this in abundance over the years we spent together. I think that the time we spent together also helped me to grow. I did not really know Gianluca the researcher, but I knew Gianluca the research group leader extremely well. Through the joint work carried out between our respective research groups, in 2009, Politecnico di Milano was able to activate a Supply Chain Management stream in the MSc and then we started looking at the key sectors for our country, such as fashion and luxury goods, in a totally new light. I did know Gianluca my friend very well. With him, when skiing together at Gressoney, whenever we could, we have been working out any disagreement or difference of opinion, and, with him, I spent, who knows how many hours, dis- cussing things that seemed like dreams then, and are the reality of MIP today. Andrea Sianesi Dean, MIP Graduate School of Business Politecnico di Milano