Historic, Archive Document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. “ 2 IB 263 Tee @) sweets, CHANNEL TYPE USER GUIDE R : y Agriculture Forest Service Tongass National Forest Regi Southeast Alaska R10-TP-26 April 1992 LOCATION MAP TYPICAL DISTRIBUTION OF CHANNEL PROCESS GROUPS WITHIN ALEXANDER ARCHIPELAGO WATERSHEDS Moderate Gradient Contained | Moderate Gradient Mixed Control Alluvial Fan ere A CHANNEL TYPE USERS GUIDE for the Tongass National Forest, Southeast Alaska USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region Coat R10 Technical Paper 26, April 1992 AvVvH/o¢ ’ A ZL 4 3 HO AG Contributors: Steve J. Paustian (Editor), Kimberly Anderson, Dave Blanchet, Steve Brady, Michael Cropley, John Edgington, Jenny Fryxell, Gail Johnejack, Dan Kelliher, Mike Kuehn, Scott Maki, Robert Olson, Jane Seesz, and Mike Wolanek. Dedicated to the memory of Jim Downs, Soil Scientist. Jim helped pioneer the application of integrated resource inventories in the Alaska Region. USDA, National Agricultural Library NAL Bldg 10301 Baltimore Blvd Beltsville, MD 20705-2351 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following individuals have made significant contributions to the development and implementation of the Alaska Region Channel Type Classification System: Craig Burns, Jim Cariello, Dave Gibbons, Charlie Holstein, Steve Kessler, Dan Logan, Steve Lyons, Dan Marion, Mike McCorison, Doug Perkinson, Ann Puffer, Scott Russell, and Steve Zemke. The following individuals provided invaluable assistance with data collection and mapping for the Tongass Channel Type stream inventory: Charlie Branch, Dave Browning, Julie Butler, Mark Clark, Paul Crowl, Chiska Derr, Marla Dillman, Brian Frenette, Phil Hunsicker, Karol Johnson, Greg Killinger, Steve Knight, John LaLiberte, Andy Lilijestrand, Patrise Mango, Jay Perlberg, Konrad Schmidt, Steve Toretta, and Rich Townsend. K.Koski, Mike Murphy, Jon Heifetz, John Thedinga, Mitch Lorenz, and Scott Johnson, National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Auke Bay Lab, and Mason Bryant, Pam Porter, and Andy Dolloff, USFS Forestry Sciences Lab, made significant contributions toward the application of the Channel Type Classification System in fish habitat evaluations. Thorough reviews by Dan Marion and John Thedinga greatly improved the final manuscript. Table of Contents JNTRODUGCTION ..... Rexe eRe Ra ST ee eI ne I UsemGuideshurposes: 2s ene... , geen a Te OP MoT eosee tee. Ty, . geass I BdYi e erCUAnCELY DCS Mame ieee eames eee te crc stts Mente: ttt sec cs. rc ane tes I TSA 0 1W EVCAOT R e,s e.255 5 SES RSPR RP PR el I Things TosbevAware:Ot.s, 2o Creve desea el ce. OLA. evs. II (SER GUIDE ORGANIZATION ope co coset coos oe sg et RS Pek POUT, UT Ts ETSI cave vovenenes III TUM Eee incor eemome docemtingcriog: SC DRotigd add con IC Uno aa a REP a oe Dae eee eee Ill EESLG eC HARA PERIS MICS sree eer eee cern ence eetetcc dere cesw oe tet IV MANE NEN IECONSLOURATIONS setsetciers eertr eteeertrtrert tertre sress tes Vv BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (BMPS3).............0cceescceececenceceeenes VI CHAPTER 1 ESTUARINE PROCESS GROUP ..........ccccccccceeceeeseeeees 1 » SILT SUBSTRATE ESTUARINE CHANNEL OR SLOUGH ...............cceececeeeeeeees 2 Channel Mapping Symbol: ES1 (Formerly E4) » NARROW SMALL SUBSTRATE ESTUARINE CHANNEL .................sceeceeeeceees 6 Channel Mapping Symbol: ES2 (Formerly E3) » NARROW LARGE SUBSTRATE ESTUARINE CHANNEL ..............cccceeceeeeeeeees 10 Channel Mapping Symbol: ES3 (Formerty E2) me. LEA WS CH BdB U2G a U a Sd P8 AWD E bits ig es eee aiey ar yee Pye rpm r ere 14 Channel Mapping Symbol: ES4 (Formerly E1) » BROAD BRAIDED GLACIAL OUTWASH ESTUARINE CHANNEL................... 18 Channel Mapping Symbol: ES8 (Formerly E5) CHAPTER 2 PALUSTRINE PROCESS GROUDP...........0:::ccc0cccsseeees 21 > JNARROWsPLAGID ELOW: CHANNEL bas toeeccsceres yer ee Stet A, Tce dich sae ssngeses 22 Channel Mapping Symbol: PAI (Formerly L1) » MODERATE WIDTH PLACID FLOW CHANNEL ..............csccssecscesctcccssccecesees 26 Channel Mapping Symbol: PA2 (Formerty L2) ESHA LEOW GROUNDWATER FED SLOUGH oe ras cgen rep ese teaese nee tuneeesmeut us us 30 Channel Mapping Symbol: PA3 (Formerly L4) SEE LOODIPCAIN BACK WATERISLOUGH oireee rere ctr cen donor esnccaceses tos susareutcret es 34 Channel Mapping Symbol: PA4 (Formerly LS) PB AV.ERIDAM/POND CHANNEL eer eet teristic rites sss ccpt sees eres tce reser a sete teies 38 Channel Mapping Symbol: PAS (Formerly L3) Table of Contents (CHAPTER 3 FLOOD PLAIN PROCESS GROUDP......................ceeceee 43 » . UPLIFTED BEACH CHANNED@ire ite. cistee cites dite aceaer tet arettctteciece gare ate eer. 44 Channel Mapping Symbol: FP1 (Formerty C4) » -FORELAND UPLIFTED ESTUARINE CHANNEL re eanetfeecesc sasreeg terrete es 48 Channel Mapping Symbol: FP2 (Formerly C6 and B8) » NARROW LOW GRADIENT FLOOD PLAIN CHANNEL ................sccecceceeceeeees = Channel Mapping Symbol: FP3 (Formerly B1) » LOW GRADIENT. FLOOD PLAIN CHANNED Were iimaccccserseasetserrecssccucesscatsvesose s 56 Channel Mapping Symbol: FP4 (Formerly Cl) » WIDE LOW GRADIENT FLOOD PLAIN CHANNEL. oor, ecthae Oats ne ceisss tose sesen ees 60 Channel Mapping Symbol: FPS (Formerly C3) CHAPTER 4 GLACIAL OUTWASH PROCESS GROUP.................--- 65 » GLACIAL OUTWASH-FLOOD.PLAIN) SIDE. CHANNEL wwe. sswwerewevaeeessaessieeesse0e s 66 Channel Mapping Symbol: GO1 (Formerly D8) » LARGE MEANDERING GLACIAL OUTWASH CHANNEL .................sceseeseecees 70 Channel Mapping Symbol: GO2 (Formerly D4) » LARGE BRAIDED GLACIAL OUTWASH CHANNEL ...................scceeececrsceseoes 74 Channel Mapping Symbol: GO3 (Formerly D5) » @MODERATEWIDTTHRGLACIAT CHANNE t cr peers avec ees eng eee eer 78 Channel Mapping Symbol: GO4 (Formerly D3) o (CIROUE’ GHANNED ices terscee ces hotest coe ere tae naan are tee te eee ene eters 82 Channel Mapping Symbol: GOS (Formerly D1) CHAPTER 5 ALLUVIAL FAN PROCESS GROUDP.................:::0000 85 » MODERATE GRADIENT ALLUVIAL FAN CHANNEL ..............00ccccescesceeseeeees 86 Channel Mapping Symbol: AF1 (Formerty BS) » “HIGHIGRADIENT ALPUVIAL "CONE CHANNED eet een, epeeee e ee 90 Channel Mapping Symbol: AF2 (Formerly A3) rie GLACTIAIVALEUVIAE;CONE' CHANNEL tee cone eee tore, se ere eee 94 Channel Mapping Symbol: AF8 (Formerly D6) CHAPTER 6 LARGE CONTAINED PROCESS GROUP...........0.00000+- 97 » LOW.GRADIENT CONTAINED CHANNEL. fevece. ees vevecs oven eee. ts eee 98 Channel Mapping Symbol: LC1 (Formerly C2) » MODERATE GRADIENT CONTAINED NARROW VALLEY CHANNEL ............ 104 Channel Mapping Symbol: LC2 (Formerly C5) : Table of Contents CHAPTER 7 MODERATE GRADIENT MIXED CONTROL PROCESS GROUP 109 Foe NORROW INES ED GON ERO EC HANNE meer reee sith, peer) oro) F eee 110 Channel Mapping Symbol: MM1 (Formerty B2) » MODERATE WIDTH MIXED CONTROL CHANNEL. ..........0c0cecececceeeeeeeeeeeeeees 114 Channel Mapping Symbol: MM2 (Formerty B3) CHAPTER 8 MODERATE GRADIENT CONTAINED PROCESS GROUP.......-. 118 PINRO W SHAME OWEGON LAINED CHANNHIC. cet ectestececesseterersenseocumse a e: 119 Channel Mapping Symbol: MCI (Formerly B4) » MODERATE WIDTH AND INCISION, CONTAINED CHANNEL ...............0.0000 ya Channel Mapping Symbol: MC2 (Formerly B6) »o DEEPLY TNCISEDICONTAINED GHANNEIIW. Woh 210k fons bees tee Poteet sshd tee ee dadeee 127 Channel Mapping Symbol: MC3 (Formerty B7) CHAPTER 9 HIGH GRADIENT CONTAINED PROCESS GROUP ..... 131 » SSHALT OWT Ye INGISEDsMUSKEG' CHANNEL ©. coo pried: «1s Seth orccccecsnsesrsceontotd e 2 Channel Mapping Symbol: HCI (Formerty A6) » SHALLOWLY TO MODERATELY INCISED FOOTSLOPE CHANNEL............... 136 Channel Mapping Symbol: HC2 (Formerly A7) Pee DPE Hisr INCISPDIUPPER VALIEY HANDBELLS: 0c. cccfo arcs ccd veccdesssebesarcncsgshss . 140 Channel Mapping Symbol: HC3 (Formerty A2) wee Piby INCISED) MUSKEG:GHANNEL J... re focus oes Be se decctoesscstamivcssstesdessaes 144 Channel Mapping Symbol: HC4 (Formerly AJ) » SHALLOWLY INCISED VERY HIGH GRADIENT CHANNEL....................000005 148 Channel Mapping Symbol: HCS (Formerly A4) Ves DREPLY INGISED MOUNTAINSLOPE CHANNEL cts sid acces ats «sai tess cesuillasteindesns 152 Channel Mapping Symbol: HC6 (Formerly A1) » MODERATE/HIGH GRADIENT GLACIAL CASCADE CHANNEL .................... 156 Channel Mapping Symbol: HC8 (Formerly D7) » HIGH GRADIENT INCISED GLACIAL TORRENT CHANNEL. .................cceceees 160 Channel Mapping Symbol: HC9 (Formerly D2) PERE REN GES Mangere 0 ure ti reire ae ME ODin shes edt atury sieubickes tnkeiciwracl ye 164 ELOSS T EN pss cic NEIL HSA EEC POLAT SCE NEST OTN EM 165 APPENDIX A: AQUATIC CAPABILITY RATINGS - MANAGEMENT INDICATOR SPECIES ...... 172 APPENDIX B: RIPARIAN MANAGEMENT CONCERNS ..........sscccssceeeseesesescetseseseenenensesens 173 APPENDIX C: ALASKA REGION CHANNEL TYPE LEGEND ...0....0.0c0:cscssseseeseeseseeeees 174 APPENDIX D: FOREST WIDE CHANNEL TYPE SUMMARY .........csccccssseessetssesseeseeseeseesees 176 PMEPENDEX@H 1H SNNEIEV ECEMPH ASE Se wets sere srradds tress, StaeuctVscrsesseetseo leetvseetress t s1 78