The Dielectric Constant of Water and Debye-Hiickel Limiting Law Slopes Densld G. arene! and Pelming Wang" Fepemental va ute dilcetiecountan of wate evese the for veer noes grower than A K, Un nigral a (22 Kighwood disoorin-coneant en ‘don, which incor che internal polewtia action siapee ms6n teaaperare ane presen of emperaluts hd cus. Aa equation bas Bese Sc ovals of ie eso eaten Irv exper vals of tb dsecwic ‘sacl fu peste fom POR IS K ty BESS X and te preuren of appy0d rately 0 Mi for teapeacrse grote fn 279K. The eon Lr ha Unplick writes 71 p pad gives» god epeesatatoa of he aslabis Sapo Snot eul, The aie of represen the experierial sealt as bes ‘oman ott evisu eareclaUaie of the dstcte searing THe me ‘tons abd i capable of suFicien verry 1 prove valu u# DebyerHuche Tilo leaker whic eax aceucate a the eapeineatal esl alls. Vales fof Daye. Icke dnt pene tla Contents 1 evodetor SEL 5, Laatuue state “orf ere arse af 2a iukeood eqpcin for the alee cow sur 808 ra 22, guia atte noc y “Gonna old egatsa wa experiment aeons m5 4, Cngorson nf ed een a prec es 4 Frio fh aw gui nf 60 earwate we Acanlediu a 1 Retjrenes a Listot Tebtes 1, pe Hel sang am sas m 2 Lastnjuon enna eamietes for E198 a {Bling cE § Same mma aT ae ae Sram ovine natn i nase 4 Dime Icke beating te saps Fe ese Bebyeicial ving tow scr Bs pyact snob eon Beoyeete rieny ow sams he mon s. Thiget ect nite aw apes fr ope rota sogncsty latof Figures ‘comin seat. aan Fass of 12500 sMiasttonscincuussiedals tc taesda ‘AVatuef the eso stan fsa fn sapien soothe dlc car twa thesfzedogston Resid pltabowing the dence aranen Se xpsoontal oes oft gist vont Uist age prsaran e298 for 2s aga aod 1.6. ARCHER AND P. WANG. ‘eds ses hing the dena aimee ‘eateriemtl alent Role Stand TST agation agra ose ad i hr rnin Pls ond 48% SR pln stein the dfrnacs boro sof he exer tal ao he ote Simsah an the fed eqocon aint nar ant he romaorurs 212d and TD me Sea ot shosine ts difeeose ebm ‘eapernerlaleg he dilet etal Pe pation gene eens or sa Conapecous 3 ie ean nad te Titulo at sae Talswaas 19k re 1 Capasso fhe te quae sl the ete ‘nevi aicscis wets spurt pre hie 1a Cope of te alton am the ronal dilstie courant ping este Sac AAR pan SESS ECGTAASKL ‘e-Coppassuolibecxpeanar irate Fig oe toe 680K wih Rae Ta 2 mn ‘sn m1 ‘aang hn 2340 357K a 0 Ps sa VeYals 0 2, for 350m SEK end “Romans ssalsoF ep"), taht 1 Dione. ste wah (1 (33 fs; sbsetlin ae een 2 ae Sea 00 San as le Disence andy salted wep (1D2 CH she ea a thea ale Sal ‘ae quaatiatiy davepton of the sncxgtca which xia between charge poets sais 9 gmat SGecsinioa of the elects pect of che reins So whic Uns ches ae aera oten stony Yo exes « econ permis a rele rertot of wnovtan Fs te 3 he cmon Aeaire Hon.at th aad diekectio coosnt, cer reve per tits, Many of th acai, of model used 0 repr corsa he phys or Usenoutvuacs rupee of {Levealrcsloions lavas te estpton a The we ‘eo: muy he deed wo a dsc conor. Whee {paint w Memon proper of ceceelyte sal. ‘ows te mont ofen and theory om ti rep i hee rk ant on “Thovibiosisorot big of susos ehanlte suns dt fayoratecethe Date thay KCattiaveqtl npoancentheonathener tie cee ‘Seat or eetmene mines he ken Gmtanotwnee seamen ah intnendesces ‘Whranpviaa tetas rise coer eng Ubsosutetne dead cleperen ay ene ‘bermostuaa opus, ee "wouen cern Dpopsre an acpale peso he clei “onratcfustr mit gay selon ‘execs abs die cant ba eupiteuesepae atest el ene oc, fhe esse ona th yp Inter sd tussle Ign te sent the Doel [She yond Rone cola fo ese ‘Sut vol tho ctv dl costa eect vols den ot gpa aT revinon epuocelaiooy of ts Seletie consent sxc or t,t le ne feree nosey, ihe daeorie. mat tas bo Spend eter oy nth of peste aud pre. {Ths woth of Brey nod Per te ma fenced csaiple ofthe om, whee he nga of iia thd Brak evar saute re ecm ‘acho hm peso epee assetees ant vahoninges Th epee iat eames of ae ag ott Gian warhead uy ou a ‘Rtn forts wien Akg tebe ah see prose the tempest dewaties 4r389 aie Ics ser lc aparcacnam is stl ie iSepntched Taser mie apgerrinmase ef INprSetation ofthe decrees eng Sinsation ater. Uwe aurea prune Tie pale enact Ninno-apeseopceateions te volunere Ttsefwates Tot cq oer er re iia. lovable ret epreet re woe pat t tale allo psshle The gether oc aly (un sla tom tbesavcnor ser oa Daekyiouneat oA Mw = meen ew ave Eas, secs. poi sa he ors ee doce foostan dejend inom thse otis, Dc te ‘hye Hock’ Hin ap sep fve a eererecsles baad sepia ae pest oO Ga ‘ter stecemerayrried tonal aks haoea, Until), caergerepr nor 77K (GUM wpe Th adition to the shove frees ohare: he unc of yp ahd 7 pe varie lorrepeeeneatior oF Ue ecice constant efrones in he inte Thing, the welling oft ted et, a the range ap cables oer which dats sre feel el repre evita of te eaprincutl soe. Therefore it “orprnmg tht effec in Deb oka aig ne Sinner we found wl hy sx een aig ere Teron of ye ull constant fr ster. TRS (Hes of Debye Hike! Sling fw foyer obtaied {rem oe Sealey ap Tite” eaten st oa tae Co fiat nad Franck? equitinn on tact thermo [amie properties hey been no! eres" Peesious Work” goted the diferences 1 Debye ke Uaviasg Lae slopes at mle fom do ao {he delve consnnt equation! Ueratia st Franc au of Bredloy and Pit? Each roomed one cr ete of the equation BOF we, Ons” vecomaeeed tax oft cn st Uriankhai toepance of that eatin by a eonualtec of 0 et ration ieguiation (LAPS). Tae nthe? ecm ‘aeodod us af he Badly sod Bites eaotion, in pa, Fcute vslues called nn ther egos were loft ivemainel had (GLP) ter de tere tuo aunge of 2735 to 30315 K The aceds of scucbees exaniaiag sTecuolyc saludo propertce Sable the rage of tanner of 7.13 37853 Sere aun. sederel the rr of Wel, “The er pore criterion for ermemting pa theta electriosonsnnt proven 9 prea voter th aly of «gael envaion crepes Ibs bos able data an to do 2 wt svcpeable vr tet of derivatives: Bow of the efeeoec” ude come Inrer-comparson of the we squstions However. ath, tefetcae dessoed gpscement of the letra comma ‘eyusnos wal Ue capital 6, "Pe prec wonk address toe Ofte volo 2. nw repmennttion of th ules stn of Wa fom 21018 cp A281 Kv oper Carel alin Ie oon picen to fe int und tea derives of ‘uation se that wots provide eons Ine Deke ibkal Luts law slopes at wold he om retile the presi asa expeiocta valu ofthe ils 2, Representation of Experimental Results 2.1 Kicknood Equation for Dieleetic “Constant of a Fiid 11599, Kier sh fc termes aration te dceetee sonaant of 9 Hid. Tae ‘sition given by Kirk a MCE ye = Ne + TIAN Clay pial east [amy e we? 8) sn whe iste se cost isthe na Tloutrpon of eb he ty eae nved, bie dpol omer ofthe melee te Shaan rates Aes. Wt ts apy wate SOS Rewwes ote mers of wr abou fo af Bete thepncnal ofeach sng cules ghey ig Be anced wih tear be ara of he pupae Sp once tard saslutbn chap he we il ao seit ateet ea isco epunan sf Eyles cpatnoad rato re Copa etapa Fa (ip inptan earn To pansy ne elec cseut oi ee wasted wait dfn coe tac Sitbe andes cc eprscnoas ferent aug eat fhe poo ns Eas €0 tha th pear sod fr te muchotsen fe otis afar ites wtf fads in Wemee stupor te che ace Ely coed ae ie yp tion eet epee Tagua nd vane Fane pees sa DG. ARCHER ANG P. WANG. satr deigy apnrcarhes seen the aro = 1A ge degrarfwale how Figen ul her peme sou igh urate (Fig. a} ade ny 1M Df Sian = i eh sr rn Some nf he expesioal alas of & — th, thos tbe lowest dene ha vane ehich fell wel one HS saige of the Rgace, ‘Thee nwo onto ig — Up sree emit rom Fig. and Tb Tear Austin 1.0m ea Ya 868 © We wLap ® sous ha each umelse o expeinanl esl eperienalrly wore rept 6 within the a. {es ate exponent cor OF be 260 Bay) A oar felmizn i pd ot Beto eerste whi pe fear error. The expen eal ines Dat he Tau pili expasientsl eto. Vas ofp =p aeulated Gem Une rca rcoresiens of ef {hotpeatares grate than T7318 Ky abo wie ‘opis ebeed am ating to Deus "actress ae Sigufeandy feront ow tage obtained foo. BS Meger ea" rte 1 tor of mole lee! otros, centibioat veo the Sicrscone? Rebnvine nse Como Aipoleindoeed rolarenion. divosndovedpoacetion Sod rotwteaa) festotens due to gleaned ‘Bont Gyarosco-Doalap fate aoe Cage of Da Jute), Thess effects all oontoute to Joel cee daly apeled Gadd Tew bc emer me 2 ‘Ueoug Ui intteolculr pon faeion, Hor sale die ugaleapute aipenets pian beng} [eo a sulla ourtubale 1b ts delete cotta {or the eager of nest hve. Ts order 1 wie the eer of water hylengenshn Kean in sgl of Fs {Viva exponential orm wr ined he fimson Red to (g — Vp. The parpoe of Oe term Sorta provides Baan ite change est of fd plasue A saulUpliacve kati of is espn Tal fea, « soos, ele) tas gue We be ale ca be sbsoocd aloe epee. Teco 0d Oe ‘alee a = Tp a pte Dip a aye ear ng ns + CE 265 8) 04 = BI expla a bet Fie) woe th 2 wet the sAjatable pastes an ph — 1 ky ac Equutinn 1) abo ude hat @ — ip stall approach ro stripers sppreacsnGas {we loa Tor unsorined ster, heron H shoul rer rite). However, witnar a froin aremlecar ten fron, i not imenen Bow the tegral e Fr sopseashes ifs bs uakuow. Ths, is condition sean tut bul ag 3} ae Hogtin (7 — 21 Shi appeanem By(, eaiia eelce which ibpeoved vpccotal af ites cquatoa to experiment It is noted thar extapslation of Ba (8) 19 tenpenuors ‘Sinethat grils than foe ofthe feed renal Profan prndace unestie wii and am soa be Molded. Turion (3) ae Filed le wiles of (= ep nisin tro the experiment sale means o's noliaes Tost-sares fing procaine. The Trrgesqunes ented ate gives iTable 2. "Toe eavsont of righing veut ote eau {ror imate: ees ano ac at ef ifo8 Ing = I/pea, wn cable So Ua Oe ines eg, mond Ho sacl en eapediental sO, "The weighing Titi aefnad ye Te value of nace fond th Tale 3, Toe ee ing fon [oc aigie Valves foe aac eerie sonean of Debyotickel biting tw slopes enered frm Epp l) ead (3), ce given in Toble #hrooph 9 Cand sibs one of 36 pen, aa Lee eae pict ts Baran 22. Equation of state of woter Ty in ohn ort wor feces appre ha tbe Aeperdinen op nn 7 ame p called fom cra aunions of ste eas intretcitg magccertable tat farce Ths tompeturs and pressure divas ofthe ddsicte sentaot cucabited Iran sne of these fl syuioos Face show value i (9/908, sas prea for 2741 Balled fom sega tia of seo" Ao haan Fig. vip! ye alt en paren he ale he ease” fcwner givek be Ks ard Whey” nel Tah 1 3 Std for 20545 K, The pyneni t gyve ¢ root reaneansre ver of 45.10" eu, agprosinaely ‘sulin giver «sgmoidal beboior for this derivate ICDS K. fer 29018 the presre Gopepdonse of Gpraph eaten from Sel ane Wagner oli rohit n minima Tis minisnan borane sree mi ounces a6 tompararue dcesass fava 275 K al let Dronouncod as trppraios eaten fon 278K, eagles Lees temperaime etion ¢ sale" gove the beet nepreentiion ot hs rapes Hecate wal cor eb te SqE LT Play et ef" and of Sul sat Mopar” ao ot Te ted in order op seprscit the expuraal sen Gna for these covditions, ce conten ta be an art 14 Re Aten wns (fF be FED te Figore 8 oss the difssuve in f2929, etre Int fou do equations of ast oS and Wage x expetety pe yer Marah a 11h ew ersare a oie pst) er et 279 K Fh at? Tar inns enn fe hes livros detcminea vate of eapaneigy The va 1.6. ARCHER AND P. WANG sgreement fir upuemens to thee Sted etion Trapproatoaly 1%" Ter Mesa sve a tar presmre denersence of Wi eons wees i oxo: Tent ngrerment with the cempreware depentenoe of Kamin and Angell unpre ras The {did nce Fig, dane op experimental uncer SEE2E Pigae9 ave hl the equaton SCAU" gan the best greece with Ter Minus’ ats, fo ase onditons.Agverment beter Ter Mona's cies Sha hrar cesta tom Hic equation Wecores20%o- ‘chat Law tafuluey i prema, orem itodara, ‘scout of these compar and has the tion of FI as uscd fr hs peat waek foe epee ‘res ohove 250 K. At eoperrs et 20 Kea Tee p rf DL AP the equation of Soeode sad Auge” seasonal io caval he denny af writer The ec Soest of ullereat equity of sae for exon tion of ebro Hdskel Lage Lew lupe decribed 2 ise scion. 3. Comparison of Fitted Equation with Experimental Results esl fous expsne al stodes wa tl 1 andere ort Sa etesqee ae {ine Theseus staan erence tere eoreariener i scsi fhe fe revalls gre cared Tenures ney F984 Re DIS Kee K nd Fete aa Te 27e18K ‘pry of experiment adie ore soniezed fr saer at sompermats tess tbat 78.18 Kad O1 MP, ie. seperogled wor, Maso ud Shahi” aa Moa fel Angell messazed the ilocos of em ‘Shon nf wutrin an ner extemal po Teo cemubs og wget tat who porent Tho nen ea Onccesnty Waa plas Iobsed Lo sepa of Ue ‘lott Sasa eva nt tne san fercenige nf che emu ter Aopltt hid Foren Theron girly nrger than emi alt sim ern od se of mennyemoat epiod win i fsrot. Hodse had Auelis™ value yoned wal Tagbes tompeptine valu belie then ae 0 hed aint Shai Values af (20/91) alent frm te “The ene of ero e af "and thos ot Kusshe™ sor water eer 27515 K were obit fo ps wie, ‘Rancho wach we spent oe lange ve te fentie fangs af teaperatre, Hose, the remperatore Aapendonce of bis dertric cement value en cs Jeet sgraemtan wilh rele shove 273 K. aide Gr apwsnly bated thei parakplate sipacior Sstom Wid Mer and Marco's" safes for be itt cnn fom 271.2 9 208K. Reeve Mat ere nnd Mgr velo re westerly rene rm mont he other Seiechaccrmatint viene ‘hit aman pay irda nal ye ters ceo ign Bust e of doported Aun, esto a0" vase wore thn esta to be toc rte wlls, Compare of the cmpertacrtal vale oftbe ‘let ematnt and valae nantes fom he ed 32 OAs ET SOK en peel sgisnly noe acer tan fo te Sih o epete ages _ ‘rom the rn mn i ae espera rae aad orl MED The rely Wat tal" ak late jt by Kay a6.” Cogan?” Mier (the “WE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF WATER a I SEE puja of tao gure the rests of Cognn en Miner cast playa seprecly, bet rgatber an Owen et Snproumalely 005, the reals of Malmberg and Mary Mlecat arch ie dflneal fry inet approsinatly G2 larger tha Uke fed yuan the owls of Butler a” wee aban aa cake ton a eapenmay with che paul wf Blaleiogt ‘Start a ts agree wh See rls Ul Haz Pesala other iste ant Cleroe? onporad laa of che sain isles cent obaiaad fom sane of foe fe: Sueney depeadense of the compen dice constaat thy rmpottuie foo. 46008 to 9515 Bat foe OL ‘MPH. The valu of Vidal ef a” and Cen af! > swore used uy Kiotee and UNendod io hei sata tt fae oor e-ar to wht snrorhas earlier vale veted So sxtspolaton to low frequcncyy Le whether there flats Udcpradease of Keats auc UnendasTs satis dnc cml value flows lhe Hesse malts, ‘ned inthe ft coe. Three of the lon sem ‘Keats aad Uhleodort do ast cppea to depend ob tho fesoe tw (Ut and 13) Bye 36108 Re DM Suds Ky 23 GBNIS te Ua Vee Olle vale gree ue tin apply US, Tigue start iirtce a enpanomentl rsa fr the ite eum agua preven for 188 1K ‘The wllrence between thet mayen Had eee fetnenta sake of Copan” aia.” Season” 000 EE Dean aad Slokee” snes patel lead, Th gale [etbstavio inate that thts capital stl ani. The sroen rete af Deal show Aeronece ‘hich become ssuewaaly Lager a pease te fcroere Thee fifo ce 8 lage 4 O45 fe de ‘tar dva soa a OS fm te ited ennatin 2 DG. ARCHER AND P. WANG igure 7 suis the spteomant of fad fination tm specimens, aga premire at tempers bet oe Dia mre pe nf water he wipecenatl Ya ts ol Snare cali x pounce dependence het iforcnr thee ge erber mene The god [enema of ie equate whe prosusesepadeaee of tas vapid vals esha in Tig 6 Sorting to tempencara i appeal 525 OW ‘her or tempura of 313 a M13 Kt ap Inn soe mink eye deepens Pelee Uo Ferd equim nt he cape valde (8 There dufmence acted oon Be femire depen feace of fhe high sempre reas 170, 003 Tratey od Mae” na ea Mi E00 of ik reerancy. Above TUK, Us da cowideed be eae und ivan combed oa ofthe sls of eg ate he se tum onus uf De® ae prere erie oc ares pe SQN A eT ‘onpasine Haul tin ne Whe peware dere tela notbelped wo resale the ovrappoiew, 88. 7 970K “Toe titferacetetonen the fed een an exec recur for pave tape he satraton gros 8 BOT i ope Me 9. Teun bows ht he “THE DIELECTRIC CONGTANT OF WATER me Pm eB el Ho. 2 9 oo 1D. ARCHER AND P.WWANG. teuperstredevendnnen of he reap of Malmberg and ‘Manor anf Peat Stoker amperes than 370 ao ad et age wie wopcretere do eatin of the experiments s0ks for epee fret han 220K Por the rev the reso aim Foxg pnd Maree ware piven en eden rh ‘igure 1 cunyuce te pent real of Hager ct ah” Bel nd the ied uation Toe 27838 ad 4415 K. Tio diforence foc tho ela of Hope eh ican erg 12 for 373.35 Rand SO MP Portes ‘onion, Teds nd Pir aln baer rien hoe ete for 200 Sa aud dir 9h empersien hierar ee bese obese lo pasar tuuler hon 200 MP, Figure J sowa sets 325.15, [SPS and 2.18 K. Tho ead of Hoge oo ema {or there terperauren and pereved at 23.15 & (Ti 1, Brom S735 K us 67215 Ky fe me cect ral Uf bed wese tne do haves secur tic ta Hogar et aire seul. This combiaed withthe leer amber of rv eporad by Teo seule athe od vation apreving beet with she Pca eal. The #7 temic Aiffermer bereen Henan of o's rene for feperaice (ig 12). Alloway tbe Fea euain epuwat the Deal seule 2 62415 Kal Uw the ‘igen ef vole 783.19 K youl lave seule ia Val of (04) hss wuld no hae ee ell Shu vues ut Une indudil penal a, Figure 1 chan vanes ut Gefen Tor RPIIS WC Inte ro the et Py (1 0 (8 a om the ng of Pa, @) 3 ecb ofthe BILLS RK ocberaa ses of yevsiesunt. The ftvad Eas (Uy and (2) gave ves [Etorowaiat fo thoa ou he india Ble Fhe vel uf aie a ™apana wa sal gion of laren ant pre te vty he ei reqion awa Tne oer mesn aare devnion of Met ‘ales tom th fine equation Wes 0.2. Pogo oa tation at ao azecment wih ti valu of 0. ws Theron geet. Ee Fant HP teal emperatine, "The ts n ge ae ee fency vo be shaky sauller thea vac alle from ‘eo fed equation. Ths sas co to teadsaer of ‘he vlc of Boyar eo? tobe aghly Urge te te ‘Same of he value of Leah a sl vale of sr which ae angels. Ts tia dat sot waa given 20 Spelt bub lode, Che got mn guts fem Uliton lar hese nets as 237, wh edna Ghee wd Youn foe 493 624 K te ao ve ® ‘non wg nthe to a, Flee ele show 8 ‘rave. devin of £45 fom the Sion, sep Chm et a YO 18.No 2 to 9 of i edi, > a \ sriae *