South Florida Water Management District 2018 Estimated Water Use Report December 2019 This report was produced by the Water Supply Bureau of the South Florida Water Management District. For further information about this document, please contact: James Harmon, P.G. South Florida Water Management District 3301 Gun Club Road West Palm Beach, FL 33406 [email protected] Staff Contributors: James Harmon, P.G., Section Leader, Water Supply Bureau Nathan Kennedy, Ph.D., Lead Economist, Water Supply Bureau Natalie Kraft, Senior Scientist, Water Supply Bureau The data obtained from the South Florida Water Management District's databases may be provisional and thus subject to revision. The District does not warrant, guarantee, or make any representations regarding the use, or the results of the use, of the data in terms of correctness, accuracy, reliability, completeness, usefulness, timeliness or otherwise and the District specifically disclaims any warranty, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular use. The data is provided “as is” and the entire risk as to quality and performance is with the user. In no event will the District be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential, or other damages, including loss of profit, arising out of the use of these data even if the District has been advised of the possibility of such damages. All data are intended for the District’s use. These data do not represent an endorsement or recommendation. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report compiles estimated water use information by use category within the South Florida Water Management District for calendar year 2018, based primarily on water pumpage records reported pursuant to water use permitting requirements. Water use is defined as any consumptive use of water that reduces the supply from which it is withdrawn or diverted. This report is not intended to comprehensively account for all water used or conveyed within the District (e.g., for flood control, natural systems, water quality treatment). In 2018, approximately 2,765 million gallons per day (mgd) of surface water and groundwater were used in the following categories (Figure ES-1): • Public Water Supply (1,103 mgd) • Domestic and Small Public Supply (40 mgd) • Industrial/Commercial/Institutional (135 mgd) • Agricultural Irrigation (1,174 mgd) • Recreational/Landscape Irrigation (303 mgd) • Power Generation (10 mgd) Of the 2,765 mgd, approximately 1,638 mgd were derived from groundwater and 1,127 mgd were derived from surface water sources, with 2,596 mgd being freshwater and 169 mgd considered saline water. Additionally, approximately 235 mgd of reclaimed water were used primarily for landscape irrigation and, to a lesser extent, industrial and power generation uses. Figure ES-1. Percentage Water Use by Category SFWMD 2018 Estimated Water Use Report i Page intentionally left blank. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... i List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. iv List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................................... v Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Geographic Description .................................................................................................................. 1 Water Use Permitting and Reporting .............................................................................................. 2 Water Use Estimation Methodology ............................................................................................... 3 Water Sources ................................................................................................................................. 4 Water Quality .................................................................................................................................. 5 Water Use Categories ..................................................................................................................... 5 2018 Weather .................................................................................................................................. 6 Data Sources ................................................................................................................................... 9 2018 Estimated Water Use by Category ......................................................................................... 9 Public Water Supply ................................................................................................................ 9 Domestic and Small Public Supply ....................................................................................... 10 Industrial/Commercial/Institutional ....................................................................................... 11 Agricultural Irrigation ........................................................................................................... 12 Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) ............................................................................. 13 Recreational/Landscape Irrigation ........................................................................................ 16 Power Generation .................................................................................................................. 17 Reclaimed Water ................................................................................................................... 17 Summary of 2018 Estimated Water Use ....................................................................................... 19 Discussion of Results .................................................................................................................... 23 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................... 24 References ..................................................................................................................................... 25 Appendix A: DSS Population and Demand Methodology ......................................................... A-1 Appendix B: Water Use Category Breakdown by Permit Use Class ......................................... B-1 Appendix C: Metadata Tables .................................................................................................... C-1 Appendix D: Total Water Use by Planning Region .................................................................... D-1 SFWMD 2018 Estimated Water Use Report iii LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Public Water Supply ................................................................................................... 10 Table 2. Domestic and Small Public Supply ............................................................................ 11 Table 3. Industrial/Commercial/Institutional ............................................................................ 12 Table 4. Agricultural Irrigation ................................................................................................. 15 Table 5. Recreational/Landscape Irrigation .............................................................................. 16 Table 6. Power Generation ....................................................................................................... 17 Table 7. Reclaimed Water Use (in mgd) by County and Use Types ........................................ 18 Table 8. Total Water Use by Category and Source – Including Reclaimed Water .................. 20 Table 9. Total Water Use by County and Source ..................................................................... 21 Table 10. Total Water Use by County and Category – Excluding Reclaimed Water ................ 23 LIST OF FIGURES Figure ES-1. Percentage Water Use by Category ........................................................................ i Figure 1. Water Supply Planning Regions ............................................................................ 2 Figure 2. SFWMD Annual Difference from Average Rainfall (1915-2018) ....................... 7 Figure 3. 2018 Average District Monthly Rainfall Distribution .......................................... 7 Figure 4. SFWMD 2018 Rainfall Distribution Map Compared to 30-Year Historical Average ................................................................................................................. 8 Figure 5. Map of the Everglades Agricultural Area Regulatory Model Area .................... 14 Figure 6. Reclaimed Water Used by County ...................................................................... 18 Figure 7. Reclaimed Water Used by Category ................................................................... 19 Figure 8. Water Use by Source and Category .................................................................... 20 Figure 9. Percentage Water Use by Category (excluding reclaimed) ................................. 21 Figure 10. Fresh Water and Saline Water Use by County for All Use Categories ............... 22 Figure 11. Surface Water and Groundwater Use by County for All Use Categories ........... 22 Figure 12. Comparison of 2017 to 2018 Total Estimated Water Use by Use Category ....... 24 SFWMD 2018 Estimated Water Use Report iv ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AGR Agricultural Irrigation D&I Diversion and Impoundment District South Florida Water Management District DSS Domestic and Small Public Supply EAA Everglades Agricultural Area FDEP Florida Department of Environmental Protection ICI Industrial/Commercial/Institutional mgd million gallons per day mg/L milligrams per liter PCUR per capita use rate PWR Power Generation PWS Public Water Supply REC Recreational/Landscape Irrigation SFWMD South Florida Water Management District USGS United States Geological Survey SFWMD 2018 Estimated Water Use Report v Page intentionally left blank. INTRODUCTION The South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD or District) is a regional government agency responsible for managing and protecting the water resources of South Florida by balancing and improving water quality, flood control, natural systems, and water supply. The District encompasses all or part of 16 counties from Orlando to the Florida Keys and serves a population of approximately 8.7 million residents. Created in 1949, it is the oldest and largest of the state’s five water management districts. Among other duties, water management districts are responsible for water use permitting and water supply planning within their jurisdictional areas. This report compiles estimated water use within the SFWMD for calendar year 2018. Water use is defined as any consumptive use of water that reduces the supply from which it is withdrawn or diverted. This report is a complement to the District’s regional water supply plans, which capture current and projected water use, and to periodic water use reports prepared by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) (Marella 2014, 2015; Marella and Dixon 2018). This report is based primarily on water pumpage records reported pursuant to water use permitting requirements. However, because 21 percent of the overall volume was estimated, rather than reported, this report is called the Estimated Water Use Report. This report is an important source of data and information to support the District’s water resource programs and initiatives, including water supply planning, water use permitting, and water conservation. This report documents the District’s assessment of total water use. Estimated amounts are based on best available data at the time of publication. The document is not intended to comprehensively account for all water used or conveyed within the District (e.g., for flood control, natural systems, water quality treatment). GEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION The District encompasses more than 18,000 square miles in all or part of 16 counties of central and southern Florida. To manage water supply and plan for current and future water uses, the District is geographically divided into five planning regions (Figure 1). These regions are home to many permanent and seasonal residents in addition to a large tourist industry, a significant agricultural industry, and a growing industrial and commercial sector. Several major natural systems are located within the District, including the Upper Chain of Lakes, Kissimmee River and floodplain, Lake Okeechobee, Caloosahatchee River and Estuary, St. Lucie River and Estuary, Big Cypress National Preserve, Everglades Water Conservation Areas, Everglades National Park/Florida Bay, and Biscayne National Park. SFWMD 2018 Estimated Water Use Report 1 Upper Kissimmee Basin: Portions of Osceola, Orange and Polk counties Lower Kissimmee Basin: Portions of Okeechobee, Highlands, and Glades counties Upper East Coast: Martin and St. Lucie counties and a portion of eastern Okeechobee County Lower East Coast: Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade counties and portions of Monroe, Collier, and Hendry counties Lower West Coast: Lee County, most of Collier County, and portions of Glades, Hendry, Monroe, and Charlotte counties Figure 1. Water Supply Planning Regions WATER USE PERMITTING AND REPORTING Ensuring an adequate supply of water to protect, enhance, and restore natural systems and to meet all other existing and projected needs is a fundamental element of the SFWMD’s mission. The District has adopted rules for regulating the use of water as contained in Chapter 40E-2, Florida Administrative Code, including the Applicant’s Handbook for Water Use Permit Applications (Applicant’s Handbook; SFWMD 2015). Uses exempt from permitting are indoor domestic use at a single-family or duplex dwelling, water used for firefighting purposes, the use of seawater, and the use of reclaimed water. The SFWMD issues two types of permits based primarily on the quantity of water required: Individual and General (both by rule and noticed). Individual permits normally are those allocating at least 0.10 million gallons per day (mgd) of water (averaged annually). Regional exceptions exist, such as the South Dade Agricultural Area, where Individual permits are issued for allocations of at least 0.30 mgd, and the Lower West Coast, where Individual permits are issued for groundwater allocations of at least 0.01 mgd. General permits by rule include landscape irrigation at a single-family dwelling or duplex, on-site short-term dewatering, and closed-loop systems. Noticed General permits typically are for water users consuming less than 0.10 mgd that meet certain other requirements. Users with General permits (whether by rule or noticed) are not required to account for or report their water use. SFWMD 2018 Estimated Water Use Report 2