2006 Arch Bridge Assessment Report of Concrete Open Spandrel Arch Bridges, Concrete Filled Spandrel Arch Bridges with Three or More Spans, and Stone Spandrel Arch Bridges with Three or More Spans Completed by: Mathew Brundage-Staff Intern Brandon Strohl-Staff Intern Ohio Department of Transportation Office of Environmental Services Cultural Resources Unit Columbus, Ohio August 2006 Ohio’s Spandrel Arch Bridges In 2006 an inventory of open and closed spandrel arch bridges in Ohio has been carried out for the Ohio Department of Transportation’s Office of Environmental Services. The updated inventory provides photos, bridge inspection reports, and histories for all the bridges visited in this survey. The included bridge inspection reports are coded according to the 1998 Bridge Inspection Manual. Descriptions and definitions of the codes can be found in the Appendix. The bridge update included visits to all of Ohio’s reinforced concrete open spandrel arch bridges, reinforced concrete closed spandrel arch bridges with three or more spans, and stone arch bridges with three or more spans. This resulted in a total of 84 bridges, of which 30 are open spandrels, 45 are closed spandrels, and 9 are stone arches. A map showing the general locations of these bridges is shown below. Tables for each bridge type are also provided with summaries of all the bridges. Open Spandrel Arch Bridges THE REINFORCED CONCRETE OPEN SPANDREL ARCH History, Description, & Significance: The Reinforced Concrete Open Spandrel Arch was first constructed around 1906. It was the dominant form for concrete bridges in the 1920s and 1930s. By eliminating the walls and fill material of the closed spandrel, dead loads were reduced and cost savings were seen in materials with the open spandrel. Aesthetics was another factor with the open spandrel. They had a lightness and visual appeal and were used in prominent or scenic locations. Open spandrel construction marked engineering prowess during the 1930s and 1940s. By the 1940s, the open spandrel concrete structure began to be supplanted by the more pre-stressed beam and reinforced concrete girder structures. Open spandrel arch bridges have pierced spandrel wall with no fill material, and the spandrel columns transmit dead and live load from the deck to the arch. The arch ring may be either solid (barrel) or ribbed. Open spandrel arch bridges require more formwork to construct than filled spandrel bridges. Open spandrel concrete arches, while not uncommon, are not as common as many other bridge types built during this same era. They are significant because they represent the evolution of concrete technology. To be considered significant, open spandrel arches should have integrity through the retention of their character-defining features, which include arch ribs, ring or barrel; spandrel; spandrel columns; railing or parapet; and piers, abutments, and wingwalls. [From: A Context for Common Historic Bridge Types by Parsons Brinckerhoff, October 2005] al nti e ot P n o ati v er s e Pr Notes Replaced with steel beam Replaced with steel beam Rehabbed in 1993 Removed on July 28, 2006.Scheduled to be replaced on new alignment.. Minor chipping and rebar exposure. Major rehabilitation in 1991. Lots of graffiti.Lots of exposed rebar, crumbling, and spalling. Apparent rehabilitation. Extensive patches of chipping and spalling. Lots of exposed rebar on piers and columns. Rehabbed in 2003. Major deterioration, spalling, and cracking.Minor concrete chipping and lots of graffiti.Minor concrete cracking.Rehabilitated in 1999.Closed to traffic in 2002. Lots of cracking and missing columns. Replacement scheduled.Areas with crumbling concrete on columns. Lots of graffiti. Difficult to inspect. Rehab in 1990. Large areas of crumbling and exposed rebar on columns.Some spalling and exposed rebar.To be replaced.Bridge has been widened. Some spalling and cracking on arches and columns.Minor cracking and crumbling on beams with some exposed rebar. Hist.Integrity Replaced Replaced Excellent Removed Good Good Fair Excellent Fair Excellent Poor Good Good Poor Good Good Excellent Fair Good Good Good Date Visited July 25, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 24, 2006 NA July 5, 2006 June 13, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 3, 2006 June 12, 2006 June 12, 2006 August 3, 2006 June 26, 2006 June 26, 2006 June 28, 2006 June 28, 2006 June 12, 2006 July 24, 2006 s Open Spandrel Arch BridgeMaterial: Reinforced Concrete LocationUTMStatus 17.518308.AshtabulaRemoved4635480Conneaut17.537250.RemovedViaduct464314017.503033.ReserveW. of SR 5344597977 0.3 Mi. N. of SR 17.431720.Removed74341800 0.9 Mi. E. of CR 17.515280.Select21444349800.33 Mi. N. of US 17.259261.Removed404423823900 ft. E. of 17.431194.SelectW220 St.45911951015 ft. E. of 17.456377.SelectGreen Road4598488 910 Ft. W. of 17.430587.SelectRocky River Dr.4592440 E. of Chagrin 17.465154.Non-River Rd.4585673Select17.427640.N. of Bagley Rd.Select45806400.41 Mi. NW of 16.701230.NR ListedSR 12144416700.16 Mi. E. of SR 17.327600.Reserve3154425730 2.11 Mi. N of I-17.328610.Select704424580 725 ft. N. of 17.328720.Non-Arcadia Ave.4431620Select16.712730.1 Mi. S. of US 52Reserve4333330Intersection of 16.717240.Kemper Lane & Select4332840Park Ave.7.86 Mi. E. of SR 17.382763.Select60145677430.07 Mi. S. of SR 17.375140.Select134550080 1.98 Mi. N. of SR 17.308995.Non-1424424105Select 0.11 Mi. E of SR 17.526640.Select6254546020 2006 Bridge Update 5 YearBuilt 1928 1922 1932 1930 1932 1927 1933 954-5 1925 1957 1909 1907 1932 1935 1924 1931 1917 1933 1928 1940 1920 1 MainSpans # UNK 13 1 1 4 arches, 11 total 1 7 arches, 15 total 3 3 1 arch, 7 total 2 1 5 7 6 3 1 1 1 8 3 FeatureIntersected Ashtabula River Conneaut Creek Phelps Creek Hocking River Wheeling Creek Buck Creek Rocky River Euclid Creek Rocky River Chagrin River Barrett Rd. GreenvilleCreek Olentangy River Scioto River Glen Echo Ravine I-75, Rail lines Kemper Lane Vermillion River Vermillion River Big Darby Creek Mill Creek Facility Carried US 20 US 20 US 322 SR 144 US 40 SR 41 (Plum St.) SR 17 Wilson Mills Rd. Hilliard Rd. (CR 69) Miles Rd. Conrail Line SR 49 SR 33 US 62 (Rich St.) Calumet Street W. Hills Viaduct Victory Parkway US 20 US 250 US 40 US 62 (Canfield Road) MunicipalityName Ashtabula Conneaut WindsorTownship Coolville Blaine Springfield Fairview Park South Euclid Rocky River Bentleyville Berea Greenville Columbus Columbus Columbus Cincinnati Cincinnati Wakeman FitchvilleTownship JeffersonTownship Youngstown County Ashtabula Ashtabula Ashtabula Athens Belmont Clark Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Darke Franklin Franklin Franklin Hamilton Hamilton Huron Huron Madison Mahoning 2 1 0 6 9 4 6 2 7 5 3 6 9 2 3 8 7 5 2 9 1 N 19 28 12 12 59 65 04 08 14 77 05 17 44 21 88 45 77 50 84 02 95 F 2 2 6 3 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 1 5 0 1 3 1 1 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 4 0 0 0 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 5 7 2 8 8 8 8 8 9 5 5 5 1 1 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 5 al nti e ot P n o ati v er s e Pr Notes Rehabilitated in 1991. No bridge built as replacement. Arch was ok, railing needs replaced. Some cracking and exposed rebar. Replaced with steel beam Extensive cracking, and crumbling of concrete. To be replaced. Replaced with steel beam Lots of exposed rebar and concrete crumbling. Some chipping and exposed rebar on columns. Hist.Integrity Good Removed Poor Good Replaced Poor Replaced Fair Good Date Visited July 24, 2006 July 24, 2006 July 5, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 25, 2006 July 24, 2006 July 24, 2006 June 26, 2006 s Open Spandrel Arch BridgeMaterial: Reinforced Concrete LocationUTMStatus Northern17.52260.4ReserveYoungstown552440Northern17.529650.RemovedYoungstown4552360 17.491020.N. of TR 562 Reserve4385050 Cuy/Sum County 17.450840.NR ListedLine4574380200 Ft. N. of 17.457310.RemovedGraham Rd.4555640200 Ft. N. of Old 17.466000.Non-Mill Rd.4570300Select0.6 Mi. S. of SR 17.519660.Removed1694558260Ext. of SR 351 17.521980.Non-into Niles4557540Select 3 Mi. N. of 16.736880.SelectCounty Line4355700 2006 Bridge Update YearBuilt 1920 1920 1936 1931 1918 1917 1932 1920 1937 MainSpans # 1 UNK 1 4 arches, 15 total 1 1 10 2 arches, 20 total 6 FeatureIntersected Crandall Run Crandall Run LittleMuskingumRiverCuyahogaRiver, Rail Line Mud Brook Tinkers Creek Mahoning River, Rail LineMahoning River, Rail Line Little Miami River Facility Carried Fifth Avenue Ohio Avenue Trail Run Road (CR 12) SR 82 (Chippewa Rd.)Akron-ClevelandRd.Ravenna Rd. (CH 12)South Main St. (SR46) Olive St. US 22 s MunicipalityName Youngstown Youngstown BentonTownship Northfield uyahoga Fall TwinsburgTownship Niles Niles Deerfield-HamiltonTownships C County Mahoning Mahoning Monroe Summit Summit Summit Trumbull Trumbull Warren 0 0 2 1 2 6 9 8 8 N 54 85 45 87 19 04 43 75 03 F 0 0 0 6 5 6 2 9 0 S 6 6 3 0 4 5 0 3 0 0 0 6 7 7 7 8 8 3 5 5 5 7 7 7 7 7 8 US 20 over the Ashtabula River Bridge # 0402192 ASHTABULA COUNTY Ashtabula, OH Date Visited: July 25, 2006 The concrete open spandrel, rib arch viaduct designed by J.R. Burkey and built in 1928 has been removed and replaced. The new bridge is a seven span, steel beam bridge. The new bridge has a concrete railing made to look like stone along with a metal railing. A plaque memorializing the old open spandrel bridge has been placed at the new bridge. Plaque about old bridge displayed at new bridge. Overall view of new bridge, facing west. Detail view of sidewalk and railing on new bridge. View of roadway from west approach, facing east. US 20 over Conneaut Creek Bridge # 0402281 ASHTABULA COUNTY Conneaut, OH Date Visited: July 25, 2006 The Conneaut Viaduct was designed by Wendell P. Brown and was built in 1924. It was a 13 span, open spandrel concrete rib arch bridge and the largest structure ever built on the Ohio highway system at the time of its completion. In 2004 it was removed and replaced with an 8 span, steel beam bridge on a new alignment. The original plaque is now located on the new bridge in addition to a plaque commemorating the old arched bridge. Plaque with poem about the removed bridge. Overall view of new bridge, facing east. View of roadway from western approach, looking east. View of east abutment of the removed bridge. US 322 over Phelps Creek Bridge # 0406120 ASHTABULA COUNTY West of Windsor, OH Date Visited: July 24, 2006 This bridge is a single span, open spandrel arch bridge that was built in 1932. The structure has great integrity. It was rehabbed in 1993. The arches and columns were all maintained. The bridge had no sidewalk and no plaques. The railings were concrete walls. View of roadway from western approach, facing east. View of support structure, facing northwest. View of underside of open spandrel arches, facing west. Overall view of bridge, facing northwest.