Fishery Management Report No. 05-41 Annual Management Report 2004 Bristol Bay Area by Charlotte Westing, Slim Morstad, Keith A. Weiland, Tim Sands, Lowell Fair, Fred West, and Chuck Brazil June 2005 Alaska Department of Fish and Game Divisions of Sport Fish and Commercial Fisheries Symbols and Abbreviations The following symbols and abbreviations, and others approved for the Système International d'Unités (SI), are used without definition in the following reports by the Divisions of Sport Fish and of Commercial Fisheries: Fishery Manuscripts, Fishery Data Series Reports, Fishery Management Reports, and Special Publications. All others, including deviations from definitions listed below, are noted in the text at first mention, as well as in the titles or footnotes of tables, and in figure or figure captions. Weights and measures (metric) General Measures (fisheries) centimeter cm Alaska Administrative fork length FL deciliter dL Code AAC mideye-to-fork MEF gram g all commonly accepted mideye-to-tail-fork METF hectare ha abbreviations e.g., Mr., Mrs., standard length SL kilogram kg AM, PM, etc. total length TL kilometer km all commonly accepted liter L professional titles e.g., Dr., Ph.D., Mathematics, statistics meter m R.N., etc. all standard mathematical milliliter mL at @ signs, symbols and millimeter mm compass directions: abbreviations east E alternate hypothesis H A Weights and measures (English) north N base of natural logarithm e cubic feet per second ft3/s south S catch per unit effort CPUE foot ft west W coefficient of variation CV gallon gal copyright  common test statistics (F, t, χ2, etc.) inch in corporate suffixes: confidence interval CI mile mi Company Co. correlation coefficient nautical mile nmi Corporation Corp. (multiple) R ounce oz Incorporated Inc. correlation coefficient pound lb Limited Ltd. (simple) r quart qt District of Columbia D.C. covariance cov yard yd et alii (and others) et al. degree (angular ) ° et cetera (and so forth) etc. degrees of freedom df Time and temperature exempli gratia expected value E day d (for example) e.g. greater than > degrees Celsius °C Federal Information greater than or equal to ≥ degrees Fahrenheit °F Code FIC harvest per unit effort HPUE degrees kelvin K id est (that is) i.e. less than < hour h latitude or longitude lat. or long. less than or equal to ≤ minute min monetary symbols logarithm (natural) ln second s (U.S.) $, ¢ logarithm (base 10) log months (tables and logarithm (specify base) log etc. 2, Physics and chemistry figures): first three minute (angular) ' all atomic symbols letters Jan,...,Dec not significant NS alternating current AC registered trademark  null hypothesis H O ampere A trademark  percent % calorie cal United States probability P direct current DC (adjective) U.S. probability of a type I error hertz Hz United States of (rejection of the null horsepower hp America (noun) USA hypothesis when true) α hydrogen ion activity pH U.S.C. United States probability of a type II error (negative log of) Code (acceptance of the null parts per million ppm U.S. state use two-letter hypothesis when false) β parts per thousand ppt, abbreviations second (angular) " (e.g., AK, WA) ‰ standard deviation SD volts V standard error SE watts W variance population Var sample var FISHERY MANAGEMENT REPORT NO. 05-41 ANNUAL MANAGEMENT REPORT 2004 BRISTOL BAY AREA By Charlotte Westing Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Dillingham Slim Morstad, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, King Salmon Keith A. Weiland, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Anchorage Tim Sands Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Dillingham Lowell Fair, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Anchorage Fred West Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Anchorage and Chuck Brazil Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Anchorage Alaska Department of Fish and Game Division of Sport Fish, Rese arch and Technical Services 333 Raspberry Road, Anchorage, Alaska, 99518-1599 June 2005 The Division of Sport Fish Fishery Management Reports series was established in 1989 for the publication of an overview of Division of Sport Fish management activities and goals in a specific geographic area. Since 2004, the Division of Commercial Fisheries has also used the Fishery Management Report series. Fishery Management Reports are intended for fishery and other technical professionals, as well as lay persons. Fishery Management Reports are available through the Alaska State Library and on the Internet: http://www.sf.adfg.state.ak.us/statewide/divreports/html/intersearch.cfm. This publication has undergone regional peer review. Charlotte Westing, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, 546 Kenny Wren Road, P.O. Box 230, Dillingham, AK 99576-0230 Slim Morstad, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, Main Street, P.O. Box 37, King Salmon, AK 99613-0037 Keith A. Weiland, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, 333 Raspberry Road, Anchorage, AK, 99518-1565 USA Tim Sands, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, 546 Kenny Wren Road, P.O. Box 230, Dillingham, AK 99576-0230 Lowell Fair, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, 333 Raspberry Road, Anchorage, AK, 99518-1565 USA Fred West, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries, 333 Raspberry Road, Anchorage, AK, 99518-1565 USA and Chuck Brazil Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Commercial Fisheries 333 Raspberry Road, Anchorage, AK, 99518-1565 USA This document should be cited as: Westing C., S. Morstad, K. A. Weiland, T. Sands, L. Fair, F. West, and C. Brazil. 2005. Annual Management Report 2004 Bristol Bay Area. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fishery Management Report No. 05-41, Anchorage. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game administers all programs and activities free from discrimination based on race, color, national origin, age, sex, religion, marital status, pregnancy, parenthood, or disability. The department administers all programs and activities in compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, and Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility, or if you desire further information please write to ADF&G, P.O. Box 25526, Juneau, AK 99802-5526; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 4040 N. Fairfax Drive, Suite 300 Webb, Arlington, VA 22203 or O.E.O., U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington DC 20240. For information on alternative formats for this and other department publications, please contact the department ADA Coordinator at (voice) 907-465-6077, (TDD) 907-465-3646, or (FAX) 907-465-6078. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................................................iii LIST OF FIGURES......................................................................................................................................................iv LIST OF APPENDICES..............................................................................................................................................iv ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................................1 Management Area Description......................................................................................................................................1 Overview of the Bristol Bay Salmon Fisheries..............................................................................................................2 2004 COMMERCIAL SALMON FISHERY................................................................................................................2 Run Strength Indicators.................................................................................................................................................2 Preseason Forecasts.......................................................................................................................................................2 South Unimak/Shumagin Island Fishery.......................................................................................................................3 Port Moller Test Fishery................................................................................................................................................4 Economics and Market Production................................................................................................................................4 Run and Harvest Performance by Species.....................................................................................................................4 Sockeye Salmon........................................................................................................................................................4 Chinook Salmon.......................................................................................................................................................4 Chum Salmon...........................................................................................................................................................4 Pink Salmon..............................................................................................................................................................5 Coho Salmon............................................................................................................................................................5 Season Summary by District.........................................................................................................................................5 General District.........................................................................................................................................................5 Naknek/Kvichak District..........................................................................................................................................6 Egegik District........................................................................................................................................................10 Ugashik District......................................................................................................................................................13 Nushagak District...................................................................................................................................................15 Togiak District........................................................................................................................................................20 2004 SUBSISTENCE SALMON FISHERY...............................................................................................................23 Regulations..................................................................................................................................................................23 Inseason Management.................................................................................................................................................24 Permit System..............................................................................................................................................................25 Harvest.........................................................................................................................................................................26 2004 BRISTOL BAY HERRING FISHERY..............................................................................................................28 Stock Assessment........................................................................................................................................................29 Sac Roe Herring Fishery Overview.............................................................................................................................30 Fishing and Industry Participation..........................................................................................................................30 Gear Specifications.................................................................................................................................................30 Harvest and Management Performance..................................................................................................................31 Spawn-on-Kelp Fishery Overview..............................................................................................................................33 2004 Season Summary................................................................................................................................................34 Biomass Estimation................................................................................................................................................34 Age Composition....................................................................................................................................................35 i TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page Fishery Overview....................................................................................................................................................35 Purse Seine....................................................................................................................................................36 Gillnet............................................................................................................................................................38 Spawn on Kelp..............................................................................................................................................39 EXPLOITATION........................................................................................................................................................39 EXVESSEL VALUE...................................................................................................................................................39 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.........................................................................................................................................40 REFERENCES CITED...............................................................................................................................................40 TABLES......................................................................................................................................................................41 APPENDIX A. SALMON...........................................................................................................................................88 APPENDIX B. HERRING........................................................................................................................................123 ii LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Comparison of inshore sockeye salmon forecast versus actual run, escapement goals versus actual escapements, and projected versus actual commercial catch, by river system and district, in thousands of fish, Bristol Bay, 2004..............................................................................................................................42 2. Inshore forecast of sockeye salmon returns by age class, river system and district, in thousands of fish, Bristol Bay, 2004...........................................................................................................................................43 3. Inshore run of sockeye salmon by age class, river system and district, in thousands of fish, Bristol Bay, 2004...............................................................................................................................................................44 4. Inshore commercial catch and escapement of sockeye salmon, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 2004........45 5. Summary of sockeye salmon test fishing indices in the Naknek/Kvichak District, by index area and date, Bristol Bay, 2004..................................................................................................................................46 6. Summary of sockeye salmon test fishing indices in the Ugashik District, by index area and date, Bristol Bay, 2004......................................................................................................................................................46 7. Summary of sockeye salmon test fishing indices in the Nushagak District, by index area and date, Bristol Bay, 2004...........................................................................................................................................47 8. Commercial fishing emergency orders, by district and stat area, Bristol Bay, 2004.....................................48 9. Daily district registration of drift gillnet permit holders by district, Bristol Bay, 2004................................54 10. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Naknek-Kvichak District, Bristol Bay, 2004......................................................................................................................................................55 11. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Egegik District, Bristol Bay, 2004......57 12. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Ugashik District, Bristol Bay, 2004....58 13. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Nushagak District, Bristol Bay, 2004...............................................................................................................................................................59 14. Commercial sockeye salmon fishing time and setnet harvest numbers by date and statistical area, Nushagak District, Bristol Bay, 2004............................................................................................................61 15. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Togiak District, Bristol Bay, 2004......63 16. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Togiak Section, Bristol Bay, 2004......65 17. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Kulukak Section, Bristol Bay, 2004....66 18. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Matogak Section, Bristol Bay, 2004...66 19. Commercial salmon catch by date and species, in numbers of fish, Osviak Section, Bristol Bay, 2004......66 20. Commercial salmon catch by district and species, in number of fish, Bristol Bay, 2004..............................67 21. Commercial sockeye salmon catch by date and sub-district, in numbers of fish, General District, Bristol Bay, 2004...........................................................................................................................................68 22. Daily sockeye salmon escapement tower counts by river system, eastside Bristol Bay, 2004......................69 23. Daily sockeye salmon escapement tower counts by river system,westside Bristol Bay, 2004......................71 24. Final daily and cumulative escapement estimates by species, Nushagak River sonar project, Bristol Bay, 2004......................................................................................................................................................73 25. Comparison of daily sockeye salmon escapement estimates by tower count, aerial survey and river test fishing enumeration methods, Kvichak River, Bristol Bay, 2004.................................................................76 26. Comparison of daily sockeye salmon escapement estimates by tower count, aerial survey and river test fishing enumeration methods, Egegik River, Bristol Bay, 2004...................................................................77 27. Comparison of daily sockeye salmon escapement estimates by tower count, aerial survey and river test fishing enumeration methods, Ugashik River, Bristol Bay, 2004.................................................................78 28. Commercial salmon processors and buyers operating in Bristol Bay, 2004.................................................79 29. Mean round weight, price per pound, and total exvessel value of the commercial salmon catch, Bristol Bay, 2004......................................................................................................................................................80 30. Subsistence salmon harvest by species, in numbers of fish, by district and location fished, Bristol Bay, 2004.........81 31. Daily observed estimates (tons) of herring by index area, Togiak District, 2004.........................................82 32. Emergency order (EO) commercial fishing periods for herring sac roe and spawn-on-kelp, Togiak District, 2004.................................................................................................................................................83 33. Commercial herring harvest (tons) by fishing section, gear type, and date Togiak District, Bristol Bay, 2004......................................................................................................................................................85 34. Herring total run and commercial catch by year class, Togiak District, 2004..............................................87 35. Commercial herring sac roe and spawn-on-kelp buyers in Togiak District, 2004........................................87 iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Bristol Bay area commercial fisheries salmon management districts.............................................................1 2. Togiak Herring District, Bristol Bay.............................................................................................................28 3. Spawn-on-kelp management areas (K-1 through K11), Togiak District, Bristol Bay...................................34 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix Page A1. Escapement goals and actual counts of sockeye salmon by river system, in thousands of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004............................................................................................................................................89 A2. Salmon entry permit registration by gear and residency, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004.......................................91 A3. Sockeye salmon commercial catch by district, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004........................92 A4. Chinook salmon commercial catch by district, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004........................93 A5. Chum salmon commercial catch by district, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004...........................94 A6. Pink salmon commercial catch by district, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004..............................95 A7. Coho salmon commercial catch by district, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004.............................96 A8. Total salmon commercial catch by district, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984-2004.............................97 A9. Commercial sockeye salmon catch, in percent, by gear type and district, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004.............98 A10. Sockeye salmon escapement by district, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004.................................99 A11. Inshore commercial catch and escapement of sockeye salmon in the Naknek-Kvichak District by river system, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004...................................................................................100 A12. Inshore sockeye salmon total run by river system Naknek-Kvichak District, in thousands of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004...............................................................................................................................101 A13. Inshore commercial catch and escapement of sockeye salmon in the Egegik District by river system, 1984–2004...................................................................................................................................................102 A14. Inshore commercial catch and escapement of sockeye salmon in the Ugashik District, by river system, 1984–2004...................................................................................................................................................103 A15. Inshore commercial catch and escapement of sockeye salmon in the Nushagak District by river system, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004................................................................................................104 A16. Inshore sockeye salmon total run by river system, in thousands of fish, Nushagak District, 1984–2004...105 A17. Inshore commercial catch and escapement of sockeye salmon in the Togiak District by river system, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004....................................................................................................106 A18. Inshore total run of sockeye salmon by district, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004....................107 A19. Chinook salmon harvest, escapement and total runs in the Nushagak District, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004...............................................................................................................................108 A20. Chinook salmon harvest, escapement and total runs in the Togiak District, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004..........................................................................................................................................109 A21. Inshore commercial catch and escapement of chum salmon in the Nushagak and Togiak Districts, in numbers of fish, 1984–2004........................................................................................................................110 A22. Inshore commercial catch and escapement of pink salmon in the Nushagak District by river system, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1964–2004, even years only.........................................................................111 A23. Coho salmon harvest, escapement and total runs in the Nushagak Drainage, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004...........................................................................................................................................112 A24. Coho salmon harvest by fishery, escapement and total runs for the Togiak River, in numbers of fish, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004...............................................................................................................................113 A25. Average round weight (lbs.) of the commercial salmon catch by species, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004...........114 A26. Average price paid in dollars per pound for salmon, by species, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004.........................115 A27. Estimated exvessel value of the commercial salmon catch by species paid to fishermen, in thousands of dollars, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004. Derived from price per pound times commercial catch..........................116 A28. South Unimak and Shumigan Island preseason sockeye allocation, actual sockeye and chum harvest in thousands of fish, Alaska Peninsula, 1984–2004........................................................................................117 A29. Subsistence salmon harvest, by district and species, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004............................................118 iv LIST OF APPENDICES (Continued) Appendix Page A30. Subsistence harvest of sockeye salmon by community, in numbers of fish, Kvichak River drainage, Bristol Bay, 1984–04...................................................................................................................................121 A31. Subsistence salmon harvest by community, Nushagak District, Bristol Bay, 1984–2004..........................122 B1. Sac roe herring industry participation, fishing effort and harvest, Togiak District, 1984–2004.............124 B2. Exploitation of Togiak herring stock, 1984–2004.......................................................................................125 B3. Age composition of inshore herring, Togiak District, 1984–2004..............................................................126 B4. Herring spawn-on-kelp industry participation, fishing effort, area and harvest, Togiak District, 1984– 2004.............................................................................................................................................................127 B5. Aerial survey estimates of herring biomass and spawn deposition, Togiak District, 1984–2004...............128 B6. Exvessel value of the commercial herring and spawn-on-kelp harvest, in thousands of dollars, Togiak District, 1984–2004.....................................................................................................................................129 B7. Guideline and actual harvests of sac roe herring (tons) and spawn-on-kelp (lbs), Togiak District, 1984– 2004.............................................................................................................................................................130 v vi