European Conference on Mixing Proceedings of the lOth European Conference, Delft, The Netherlands, July 2-5, 2000 lOth European Conference on Mixing Proceedings of the lOth European Conference, Delft, The Netherlands, July 2-5, 2000 This Page Intentionally Left Blank lOth European Conference on Mixing Proceedings of the 10th European Conference, Delft, The Netherlands, July 2-5, 2000 edited by H.E.A. van den Akker and J.J. Derksen Kramers Laboratorium voor Fysische Technologie, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands 2000 ELSEVIER Amsterdam - Lausanne - New York- Oxford - Shannon - Singapore - Toky(cid:14)9 ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. Sara Burgerhartstraat 25 P.O. Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands (cid:14)9 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. 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ISBN: 0 444 50476 1 @ The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). Transferred to digital printing 2006 Printed and bound by CPI Antony Rowe, Eastbourne CONTENTS Preface Mixing: Terms, Symbols, Units XV European Federation of Chemical Engineering - Working Party of Mixing 1999 TURBULENCE CHARACTERISTICS IN STIRRED TANKS Trailing vortex, mean flow and turbulence modification through impeller blade design in stirred reactors M. Yianneskis Turbulence generation by different types of impellers M. Sch&fer, J. Yu, B. Genenger and F. Durst Limits of fully turbulent flow in a stirred tank 17 K.]. Bittoff and S.M. Kresta MEASUREMENTS IN CHEMICALLY REACTING FLOWS Spatially resolved measurements and calculations of micro-and macromixing 25 in stirred vessels M. Buchmann, K. Kling and D. Mewes Characterisation and modelling of a two impinging jet mixer for precipitation 35 processes using laser induced fluorescence N. B~net, L. Falk, H. Muhr and E. Plasari Four-dimensional laser induced fluorescence measurements of micromixing 45 in a tubular reactor E. van Vliet, ].]. Derksen and H.E.A. van den Akker MODELLING OF MICRO-MIXING Simulation with validation of mixing effects in continuous and fed-batch reactors 53 G.K. Patterson and J. Randick A computational and experimental study of mixing and chemical reaction in a 61 stirred tank reactor equipped with a down-pumping hydrofoil impeller using a micro-mixing-based CFD model O. Akiti and P.M. Armenante vi Mixing with a Pfaudler type impeller: the effect of micromixing on reaction 69 selectivity in the production of fine chemicals I. Verschuren, J. Wijers and J. Keurentjes Comparison of different modelling approaches to turbulent precipitation 77 D. Marchisio, A.A. Barresi, G. Baldi and R. Fox Application of parallel test reactions to study micromixing in a co-rotating 85 twin-screw extruder A .Rozen, R.A. Bakker and J. Baldyga Solid liquid mixing at high concentration with SMX static mixers 93 O. Furling, P.A. Tanguy, L. Choplin and H.Z. Li EFFECTS OF VISCOSITY AND RHEOLOGY ON MIXING Influence of viscosity on turbulent mixing and product distribution of parallel 101 chemical reactions J. Baldyga, M. Henczka and L. Makowski Mixing of two liquids with different rheological behaviour in a lid driven cavity 109 H. Hoefsloot, S.M. Willemsen, P.J. Harnersma and P.D. ledema Mobilization of cohesive sludge in storage tanks using jet mixers 117 M.R.Poirier, H. Gladki, M.R. Powell, and Ph.O. Rodweil SLURRY SYSTEMS CFD simulation of particle distribution in a multiple-impeller high-aspect 125 ratio stirred vessel G. Montante, G. Micale, A. Brucato and F. Magelli Power consumption in slurry systems 133 A. Barresi and G. Baldi LIQUID-LIQUID DISPERSIONS ..... Drop break-up and coalescence in intermittent turbulent flow 141 W. Podgdrska and J. Baldyga Measurement and analysis of drop size in a batch rotor-stator mixer 149 R.V. Calabrese, M.K. Francis, V.P. Mishra and S. Phongikaroon vii The impact of fine particles and their wettability on the coalescence of sunflower 157 oil drops in water A.W. Nienow, A.W. Pacek, R. Franklin and A.J. Nixon Influence of impeller type and agitation conditions on the drop size of 165 immiscible liquid dispersions M. Musgrove and S. Ruszkowski Experimental findings on the scale-up behaviour of the drop size distribution 173 of liquid/liquid dispersions in stirred vessels G. W. Colenbrander Investigations of local drop size distributions and scale-up in stirred 181 liquid-liquid dispersions K. Schulze, J. Ritter and M. Kraurne GAS-LIQUID SYSTEMS Gas-liquid mass transfer in a vortex-ingesting, agitated draft-tube reactor 189 C. Leguay, G. Ozcan-Taskin and C.D. Rielly Modelling of the interaction between gas and liquid in stirred vessels 197 G. Lane, M.P. Schwarz and G.M. Evans Experimental investigation of local bubble size distributions in stirred vessels 205 using Phase Doppler Anemometry M. Sch~fer, P. W~chter and F. Durst Void fraction and mixing in sparged and boiling reactors 213 Z. Gao, J.M.Smith, D. Zhao and H. MOIler-Steinhagen PARTICLE COLLISIONS IN CRYSTALLISATION A numerical investigation into the influence of mixing on orthokinetic agglomeration 221 E.D. Hollander, J.J. Derksen, O.S.L. Bruinsrna, G.M. van Rosmalen and H.E.A. van den Akker An experimental method for obtaining particle impact frequencies and velocities 231 on impeller blades K.C. Kee and C.D. Rielly ADVANCED CFD Comparison between direct numerical simulation and ~:-~ prediction of the flow 239 in a vessel stirred by a Rushton turbine C. Bartels, M. Breuer and F. Durst viii The use of large eddy simulation to study stirred vessel hydrodynamics 247 A. Bakker, L.M. Oshinowo and E.M. Marshall Compartmental modelling of an 1100L DTB crystallizer based on large 255 eddy flow simulation A. ten Cate, S.K. Bermingham, J.J. Derksen and H.M.J. Kramer POSTERS Detailed CFD prediction of flow around a 45 ~ pitched blade turbine 265 J.K. Syrj~nen and M.-F. Manninen Comparison of CFD methods for modelling of stirred tanks 273 G.L. Lane, M.P. Schwarz and G.M. Evans Predicting the tangential velocity field in stirred tanks using the Multiple 281 Reference Frames (MRF) model with validation by LDA measurements L. Oshinowo, Z. Jaworski, K.N. Dyster, E. Marshall and A.W. Nienow Numerical simulation of flow of Newtonian fluids in an agitated vessel 289 equipped with a non standard helical ribbon impeller G. Delaplace, C. Torrez, C. Andre, N. Belaubre and P. Loisel A contribution to simulation of mixing in screw extruders employing commercial 297 CFD-software M. Motzigemba, H.-C. Broecker, J. PrEnss, D. Bothe and H.-J. Wamecke Experimental and CFD characterization of mixing in a novel sliding-surface 305 mixing device J.M. Rousseaux, Ch. Vial, H. Muhr and E. Plasari An investigation of the flow field of viscoelastic fluid in a stirred vessel 313 W. Ju, X. Huang, Y. Wang, L. Shi, B. Zhang and J. yuan Flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in an agitated vessel equipped 321 with a non-standard anchor impeller G. Delaplace, C. Torrez, M. Gradeck, J.-C. Leuliet and C. Andr~ Characterization of convective mixing in industrial precipitation reactors by 329 real-time processing of trajectography data B. Barillonand P.H. J~z~quel Characterization of flow and mixing in an open system by a trajectography method 337 P. Pitiot and L. Falk Characterization of the turbulence in a stirred tank using particle image velocimetry 345 M. Perrard, N. Le Sauze, C. Xuereb and J. Bertrand ix Turbulent macroscale of the impeller stream of a Rushton turbine 353 R. Escudi~,, A. Ling and M. Roustan Analysis of macro-instabilities (MI) of the flow field in stirred tank reactor (STR) 361 agitated with different axial impellers V. Roussinova and S.M. Kresta Local dynamic effect of mechanically agitated liquid on a radial baffle 369 J. Krat~,na, I. Fort, O. Bruha and J. Pavel Interpretation of macro- and micro-mixing measured by dual-wavelength 377 photometric tomography M. Rahirni, M. Buchmann, R. Mann and D. Mewes Effect of tracer properties (volume, density and viscosity) on mixing time 385 in mechanically agitated contactors A. Pandit, P.R. Gogate and V.Y. Dindore Mixing, reaction and precipitation : an interplay in continuous crystallizers 395 with unpremixed feeds N.5. Tavare Simulation of a tubular polymerisation reactor with mixing effects 407 E. Fournier and L. Falk Mixing equipment design for particle suspension - generalized approach to designing 415 F. Rieger and P. Ditl Characterization and rotation symmetry of the impeller region in baffled 423 agitated suspensions Z. Yu and A. Rasmuson Solids suspension by the bottom shear stress approach 431 M. Fahlgren, A. Hahn and L. Uby A phenomenological model for the quantitative interpretation of partial 439 suspension conditions in stirred vessels G. Micale, F. Grisafi, A. Brucato and L. Rizzuti A self-aspirating disk impeller- an optimization attempt 447 C. Kuncewicz and J. Stelrnach A novel gas-inducing agitator system for gas-liquid reactors for improved 455 mass transfer and mixing E.A. Brouwer and C. Buurman Hold-up and gas-liquid mass transfer performance of modified Rushton 461 turbine impellers S.C.P. Orvaiho, J.M.T. Vasconcelos and S.S. Aires