isxy, NdIdj yd idys;Hh 09 fYa%‚h wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j m<uqjk uqøKh 2017 fojk uqøKh 2018 ;=kajk uqøKh 2019 isõjk uqøKh 2020 ish¨ ysñlï weúßKs ISBN 978-955-25-0362-7 wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska fo,af.dv" l`ÿfndv" lEr., mdr" wxl 35$3 ork ia:dkfhys msysá iekaúka mqoa.,sl iud.fuys uqøKh lrjd m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,È' Published by : Educational Publications Department Printed by : Sanvin (Pvt) Ltd. 35/3, Keragala Road, Kanduboda, Delgoda. ii Y%S ,xld cd;sl .Sh Y%S ,xld ud;d wm YS% ,xld" kfuda kfuda kfuda kfuda ud;d iqkaor isßnßkS" iq/¢ w;sfidanudk ,xld OdkH Okh fkl u,a m,;=re msß ch N+ñh ruHd wmyg iem isß fi; iokd Ôjkfha ud;d ms<s.kq uek wm Nla;s mQcd kfuda kfuda ud;d wm YS% ,xld" kfuda kfuda kfuda kfuda ud;d Tn fõ wm úoHd - Tn u h wm i;Hd Tn fõ wm Yla;s - wm yo ;=< Nla;s Tn wm wdf,dafla - wmf.a wkqm%dfKa Tn wm Ôjk fõ - wm uqla;sh Tn fõ kj Ôjk foñfka ks;sk wm mqnqÿ lrka ud;d {dk ù¾h jvjñk /f.k hkq uek ch N+ñ lrd tl ujlf. ore le, neúkd huq huq ù fkdmud fm%au jvd ieu fNao ÿ/r od kfuda kfuda ud;d wm YS% ,xld" kfuda kfuda kfuda kfuda ud;d iii wms fjuq tl ujlf. orefjda tl ksjfiys fjfikd tl mdge;s tl reêrh fõ wm lh ;=< ÿjkd tneúks wms fjuq fidhqre fidhqßfhda tl f,i tys jefvkd Ôj;a jk wm fuu ksjfia fid¢k isáh hq;= fõ ieug u fu;a lreKd .=fKkS fj<S iu.s oñkS rka ñKs uq;= fkd j th u h iem;d lsis l, fkdu Èrkd wdkkao iurfldaka iv fmrjok ÈhqKqfõ ysKsfm; lrd .uka lrkd j;auka f,djg" ks;e;skau wjeis jkqfha jvd;a kjH jQ wOHdmk l%uhls' tu`.ska ks¾udKh l< hq;af;a ukq.=Koï imsreKq yd l=i,;dj,ska hqla; ore mrmqrls' tlS W;a;=x. fufyjrg cj n,h imhñka" úYaùh wNsfhda. i`oyd Èßfhka uqyqK Èh yels isiq mrmqrla ks¾udKh lsÍu i`oyd iydh ùu wmf.a mru j.lSu jkafka h' bf.kqï wdOdrl iïmdok ld¾hh fjkqfjka il%Sh f,i ueÈy;a fjñka wm fomd¾;fïka;=j ta fjkqfjka odhl;ajh ,nd fokafka cd;sfha oreoeßhkaf.a keK myka o,ajd,Sfï W;=ï wÈgfkks' fm<fmd; úfgl oekqï fldaIaGd.drhls' th ;j;a úfgl wm úkaokd;aul f,djlg o le`ojdf.k hhs' tfiau fï fm<fmd;a wmf.a ;¾l nqoaêh jvjd,kafka wfkalúO l=i,;d mqnqÿ lrjd.kakg o iqúi,a t<s oyrla fjñks' úÿìfuka iuq.;a Èkl jqj wmßñ; wdorfhka iaurKh l< yels u;l" fm<fmd;a msgq w;r oejà Tn iu`.ska w;aje,a ne`o tkq fkdwkqudk h' fï fm<fmd; iu`.u ;j ;j;a oekqï wjldY msß biõ fj; ks;s mshuksñka mßmQ¾K;ajh w;a lr.ekqug Tn ieu ksr;=rej wem lem úh hq;= h' ksoyia wOHdmkfha uydk¾> ;Hd.hla fia fï mqia;lh Tn foda;g msßkefï' fm<fmd;a fjkqfjka rch jeh lr we;s iqúi,a OkialkaOhg w¾:iïmkak w.hla ,nd Èh yelafla Tng muKs' fuu mdGH .%ka:h ukdj mßYS,kh lrñka keK .=K msß mqrjeishka ù wkd.; f,dj taldf,dal lrkakg oefha ish¨ ¥ orejka fj; Èßh iúh ,efíjdhs yoj;ska iqn m;ñ' fm<fmd;a iïmdok ld¾hh fjkqfjka wm%udK jQ iïm;Aodhl;ajhla iemhQ f,aLl" ixialdrl yd we.hqï uKav, idudðl msßjrg;a wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ld¾h uKav,fha ieug;a udf.a yomsß m%Kduh mqolrñ' mS' tka' whs,mafmreu wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j biqremdh n;a;ruq,a, 2020'06'26 v kshdukh yd wëlaIKh - mS' tka' whs,mafmreu wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j fufyhùu - -ví,sõ' ta' ks¾u,d mshiS,s wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ^ixj¾Ok& wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j iïnkaëlrKh - m%.S;sld chfialr ksfhdacH flduidßia wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j ixialdrl uKav,h 1' r;akisß wrx., - uydpd¾h YS% chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h 2' i|f.dañ fldamrfyajd - uydpd¾h fld<U úYajúoHd,h 3' tï' wd¾' ví,sõ' uoaÿu - wOHlaI isxy, NdId fomd¾;fïka;=j cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh 4' mQcH l=l=rïfmd, [dKúu, ysñ - fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾h isxy, NdId fomd¾;fïka;=j cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh 5' mS' ta' ùrlafldä - iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI NdId yd udkj Ydia;% wxYh wOHdmk wud;HdxYh 6' m%.S;sld chfialr - iyldr flduidßia wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j NdId ixialrKh mQcH wdpd¾h fudrlkafoaf.dv wßhjxi ysñ - fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾h reyqK úYajúoHd,h vi f,aLl uKav,h 1' mS' Ô' Ô' .hd jehsfyak - .=re WmfoaYl l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h fydaud.u 2' mqIamd fckÜ l¿wdrÉÑ - .=re WmfoaYsld l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" r;akmqr' 3' ;rx.d rKisxy - .=re fiajh fudrgqj uyd úoHd,h" fudrgqj 4' m%idÈkS okaj;a; ,shkf.a - ksfhdacH úÿy,am;s nm$ch$O¾udfYdal l'ú' uyr.u 5' tÉ' ta' Ȩï r;akud,d fidaÿm;a lshùu ch;a mshoiqka - ksfhdacH m%Odk Wml¾;D" is¿ñK" ,xldfõ iSudiys; tlai;a m%jD;a;s m;% iud.u Ñ;% ks¾udKh iuka l¿fndaú, - .=re fiajh" wkqr uOH uyd úoHd,h" hlal,' msgljr ks¾udKh bkaÈl .=Kj¾Ok mß.Kl wlaIr ixfhdackh tia' ù' Ô' trx.d È,arelaIs - mß.Kl ;dlaI‚l iydhl" wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j vii viii mgqk msgq wxl 1 YS% mdoh jekaojQ yeá 1 isxy, NdIdfõ rij;a fhÿï 5 2 ,m fia i| ú,fia 9 iudkd¾: mo iy úreoaOd¾: mo 12 3 foaYSh k¾;kfha rka i,l=K 15 hq., mo 21 f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lsÍu i|yd nyqúO udOH weiqre lruq 24 4 iaàjka fydalska 27 isxy, wlaIr ud,dj 31 5 ksjerÈ YífodaÉpdrKh 36 úrdu ,laIK 40 wlaIr úkHdi Í;s 42 6 uf.a rg ug wf.hs 49 rpkdjla ,shuq 55 7 oEfia ks,a meyeh 59 úfYaIK mo 61 lúhl ri ú`o kj lõ mn`Èuq 63 8 uyOk isgqmq;ayqf.a jia;=j 67 iajNdfjdala;s yd w;sYfhdala;s 70 wldrdÈ ms<sfj< yd YíofldaI Ndú;h 73 ix 9 m%dfhda.sl f,aLk 76 jHdmdßl ,sms 77 wdrdOkd m;% 80 wdlD;s m;% 82 10 kjï ufya kj j<,a, 87 Wla; wkqla; fNaoh 91 11 W.kake ishni - u;a jkake tys rifhka 94 jdlH Í;s 100 12 wdkkao l=udriajdñ 103 ud;Dldkql+, l:d 109 l¾;D ldrl yd l¾u ldrl jdlH 110 13 fyd| <uhd kqjKskS - fyd| foa f;dard .kS 115 ;ks mo 123 nyq w¾: mo 124 ijka § W.ksuq 125 14 lÀk mQfcda;aijh 128 m%fhdacH ls%hd" wiïNdjH ls%hd 134 15 isrïì wäh 139 idrdxYlrKh 142 16 ÈÜy odk 145 ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaOlrKh 153 17 wNHjldY ;dlaIKh 156 ì;a;s mqj;am;l jHQyh 162 18 fmd;mf;ka ire oyï 165 ksmd; mo 173 ksjerÈj jpk fjka lruq 176 19 ri ú¢kd ±kqu ukd 179 20 uydidr m,`okdj 194 wms;a kdgHhla rpkd lruq 208 x