Fares S. Haddad Editor The Young Adult Hip in Sport 123 The Young Adult Hip in Sport Fares S. Haddad Editor The Young Adult Hip in Sport Editor Fares S. Haddad Department of Orthopaedics Princess Grace Hospital London UK Department of Orthopaedics The Wellingon Hospital London UK Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma University College of London Hospital London UK ISBN 978-1-4471-5411-2 ISBN 978-1-4471-5412-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-5412-9 Springer London Heidelberg New York Dordrecht Library of Congress Control Number: 2013955582 © Springer-Verlag London 2014 This work is subject to copyright. 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Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) In Memory of Sami Fares Haddad and Nina Tamari Haddad who gave me the tools, the motivation and the love and support to succeed And with Thanks to Jane, Isabella, Oliver, Florence, Imogen, Alice and Marina who make every moment a glorious one Pref ace The last 20 years have seen a revolution in our understanding of the pathophysiology of hip disease and of hip injuries in sport and have provided us with a plethora of new investigational and interventional modalities to unravel what was previously a mysterious fi eld. This has encompassed an increased understanding of how the hip develops and functions, improved imaging modalities and a dramatic increase in joint preserving surgery using both open and the ever-expanding array of arthroscopic techniques that are now at our disposal. Our ability to diagnose, intervene and rehabilitate has evolved, and as a result it has become clear that the incidence of hip problems in sport is much greater than previously recognised. Many conditions that were blamed on the spine, the groin and the soft tissues or the pelvis have turned out to be hip related, and this in turn has led to a number of diagnostic dilemmas and novel solutions. There is little doubt that the progress in this area has been vast and extremely impressive. This book gathers together the experts on hip pathology and hip disease and covers the anat- omy, the imaging and the variety of surgical modalities available for the full spectrum of pre- sentations of hip disease from problems in childhood and adolescence that lead to diffi culties with high activity all the way through to sports-related problems with articular cartilage, the labrum and impingement. We also increasingly recognise that there are many scenarios when the hip unfortunately fails at a young age and some form of arthroplasty surgery is required. The indication and outcomes of a variety of early arthroplasty options and their role in the management of the young active sporting patient with hip disease will also be covered. This is an area that will continue to evolve rapidly. This book presents the state of the art in the evaluation and management of hip disorders in the active population. London, UK Fares S. Haddad vii Contents Part I The Basics of the Assessment of the Young Adult Hip 1 The Anatomy of Hip Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 A. Malviya, A.R. Hunter, and J.D. Witt 2 Imaging of the Young Adult Hip in Sport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Warren Davis and Margaret Anne Hall-Craggs 3 Clinical Diagnosis in Hip Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Michael D.J. Cronin and Marcus J.K. Bankes 4 Biomechanics of the Hip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Nemandra A. Sandiford and J.A. Skinner Part II The Conditions that Underpin Hip Pain in the Young Adult 5 Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis and Its Variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Michael Leunig, Reinhold Ganz, Ira Zaltz, and Lisa M. Tibor 6 Femoroacetabular Impingement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Brandon J. Yuan and Robert T. Trousdale 7 The Pathology and Management of Osteonecrosis of the Hip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Aaron Glynn and Javad Parvizi 8 Traumatic Conditions of the Hip and Pelvis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Aaron Nauth, Jeremy Hall, Michael D. McKee, and Emil H. Schemitsch 9 Sports Specifi c Injuries of the Hip Joint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Travis Maak, Peter Fabricant, and Bryan T. Kelly 10 Core Muscle Injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 William C. Meyers and Adam Zoga 11 Nerve Entrapment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Will B.J. Rudge and Thomas P. Carlstedt Part III Management Techniques 12 The Non-operative Management of Hip Disease in Young Adults . . . . . . . . . . 135 Noel Pollock and David Hulse 13 Hip Injections and Arthrography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Christopher Rees Gooding and Aresh Hashemi-Nejad 14 The Current Status of Hip Arthroscopy: The Central Compartment . . . . . . . 159 Giles H. Stafford and Richard N. Villar ix