The Love of Strangers • Copyright © 2016 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu Jacket images: Sultan Abdülmecid with Queen Victoria and Napolean III. Background: Cheapside and Bow Church in London. Engraving by W. Albutt after T. H. Shepherd, 1837. All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Green, Nile. The love of strangers : what six Muslim students learned in Jane Austen’s London / Nile Green. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-16832-6 (hardback : acid-free paper) 1. Iranians—Travel—England—History— 19th century. 2. Muslims—Travel—England—History—19th century. 3. Students, Foreign— England—History—19th century. 4. Mohammed Saulih, Mirza—Diaries. 5. London (England)—Social life and customs—19th century. 6. Friendship—England—History—19th century. 7. England—Ethnic relations—History—19th century. 8. England—Relations— Iran. 9. Iran—Relations—England. 10. East and West. I. Title. DA125.I68G74 2015 942.107ʹ3092—dc23 [B] 2015008234 British Library Cataloging- in- Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Linux Libertine O with Dorchester Script MT Std Printed on acid- free paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 زا یکی هک نک نانچمه شتیبرت ،تست دنزرف نیا تفگ و داد یبیدا هب ار یرسپ یهاشداپ شیوخ نادنزرف A shah entrusted his son to the care of a tutor, and said, “This is your son. Educate him as though he were one of your own children.” —Saʿdi of Shiraz For my Muslim friends • Contents • Preface xi Introducing Mr. D’Arcy’s Persians 1 Knowledge Chapter One In Search of a Teacher 23 Chapter Two The Madrasas of Oxford 83 Faith Chapter Three Among the Dissenters 133 Chapter Four Evangelical Engagements 177 Friendship Chapter Five Diplomatic Friendships 227 Chapter Six The Love of Strangers 266 Afterlives 305 A Note on Sources and Method 319 Acknowledgments 323 Notes 327 Index 377