2003. The Journal of Arachnology 31:317-330 THE GENUS BRACHISTOSTERNUS IN ARGENTINA, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW PATAGONIAN SPECIES (SCORPIONES, BOTHRIURIDAE) Andres A. Ojanguren Affilastro: Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia,” Division Aracnologia, Av. Angel Gallardo 470, Cl405 DJR & Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. The new species Brachistosternus paulae is described. This is the southernmost species ofthe genus, occurring in southern Patagonia in Santa Cruz Province. It can be distinguished from all the other species ofthe genus by the presence of only 4 ventral trichobothria on the pedipalpal chela, and by the shape ofthe hemispermatophore, in which the cylindrical apophysis is shorterthan the laminarapoph- ysis; all internal spines are absent, except for the row of spines, which in some specimens is vestigial. This species can not be included in any of the known subgenera due to its trichobothrial pattern; never- theless it is closer to the subgenus Leptosternus on the basis of its remaining morphology. A key for the species ofthe genus in the country is provided together with some data on them. The hemispermatophores ofthe three subgenera are compared and two maps detailing the distribution ofthe species in the country are provided. El genero Brachistosternus en la Argentina, con la descripcion de una nueva especie de la Patagonia (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae). En este trabajo se describe a Brachistosternuspaulae n. sp. Esta es la especie conocida mas austral del genero, habitando en el sur de la Patagonia en laprovincia de Santa Cruz. Puede diferenciarse del resto de las especies del genero por la presencia de solo 4 tricobotrias ventrales en la pinza y por el escaso desarrollo de su hemiespermatoforo, en este la apofisis cilmdrica se encuentra poco desarrollada y es mas corta que la apofisis laminar, ademas carece de todos los procesos espiniformes, salvo las espinas en hilera que en algunos ejemplares pueden presentarse en forma vestigial; la particular tricobotriotaxia de esta especie no permite incluirla en ninguno de los subgeneros descriptos hasta el momento, sin embargo su morfologfa la aproxima mas al subgenero Leptosternus. Se presenta ademas una clave para las especies del genero en el pais y se aportan algunos datos sobre estas. Se comparan los hemiespermatoforos de los distintos subgeneros y se presentan dos mapas con la distribucion de las distintas especies presentes en el pais. Keywords: Scoipiones, Brachistosternus, key, new species, Argentina Within Argentina, the genus Brachistoster- the subgenus Leptosternus Maury 1973. For nus Pocock 1893 is a dominant component of this reason, it is sometimes necessary to study the scorpion fauna in the arid and semiarid large numbers of specimens to define a spe- areas that occupy more than half of the na- cies clearly. Intraspecific variability is shown tional territory. It can be found from sea level by color, external morphological structures or m up to more than 4000 a.s.L. Although the the structures of the hemispermatophore, and Argentinian scorpion fauna has been well it may be intrapopulational or interpopulation- studied, relatively few works have been pub- al. lished on this genus: Roig Alsina (1977), An interesting characteristic of the genus Maury (1973, 1974, 1975, 1978a, 1978b, Brachistosternus is the complexity of its he- 1984), Roig Alsina & Maury (1981, 1984), mispermatophore, which has a basic pattern in Prendini (2000), San Martin (1969), Ojangu- the three subgenera. Nevertheless, there are ren Affilastro (2000, 2001, 2002) and Ojan- important differences in the internal structures guren Affilastro & Roig Alsina (2001). of the lobe region. A comparison of the he- This genus presents a high degree of intra- mispermatophores of the three subgenera is specific variability, especially in the species of herein presented. 317 318 THE JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY There are no modern keys for the species stereomicroscope and camera lucida. The he- of the genus. The last one was provided by mispermatophores were dissected from sur- Mello Leitao (1945). A key and a catalogue rounding tissues and observed in 80% ethanol. for the known species of the genus Brachis- RESULTS tosteniiis from Argentina is herein presented. The characters that are more often used in the CATALOGUE OF THE ARGENTINIAN taxonomy of this genus are the structures of SPECIES OF BRACHISTOSTERNUS the hemispermatophore, the trichobothrial pat- tern, the number of metasomal and tarsal se- Brachistosternus {Brachistosternus) tae, morphometric ratios and the particular ehrenbergii (Gervais 1841) morphological characteristics of the different Scorpio ehrenbergii Gervais 1841:282-283, figs. species, such as the granulation of the telson 18-22, pi. I. (Holotype male, Callao, Peru or the shape of the telotarsi. (ZMH), not examined). In this work, Brachistosternus paiilae, the Scorpio glaber Gervais, 1841:285, figs. 28-32, pi. southernmost species of the genus, is de- I (synonymized by Simon, 1880:397). (Holotype, scribed. Its particular trichobothrial pattern Peru (MNHN), not examined). prevents it from being included in any of the Telogonus politus Koch, 1867:234-235 (synony- known subgenera of the genus. Maps of the mized by Kraepelin, 1894:216). (Holotype fe- distribution ofthe Argentinian species ofBra- male, South America (ZMH), not examined). chistosterniis have been prepared based upon Remarks.—This is the type species ofthe all localities cited by the bibliography of the genus. It is has been collected from Ecuador present catalogue, except for the localities of to Chile, but the presence of this species in B. panlae. Argentina is dubious (Fig. 28) (Maury METHODS 1973). Terminology of the structures ofthe hemis- Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) alienus permatophore follows Maury (1974). Tricho- Lonnberg 1898 bothrial terminology follows Vachon (1974). Brachiostennisalienus Lonnberg 1898:46-48. (Ho- Terminology of the androvestigia follows Ce- lotype female, Puerto Madryn, Chubut Province, kalovic (1973). Terminology of the telson Argentina (NRS), not examined). gland follows Roig Alsina & Maury (1981). — Terminology ofthe metasomal carinae follows Remarks. Brachistosternus alienus is en- Stahnke (1970). Terminology of the metaso- demic to southern Argentina (Fig. 28). It has been collected in southern “Monte” Phyto- mal ventral setae follows Ojanguren Affilastro & Roig Alsina (2001). Terminology of the geographic Province, and Northern “Patago- & nia” Phytogeographic Province; from sea lev- Phytogeographic Provinces follows Cabrera m Willink (1980). Terminology of the Scorpio- el up to 1000 a.s.l. (Ojanguren Affilastro logical Areas follows Acosta & Maury 2001). Cekalovic (1966, 1983) reported this (1998). Abbreviations are as follows: MACN- species from Chile, but its presence in this Ar = Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales country is unlikely. This species was found in sympatry with Bothriurus burmeisteri Krae- “Bernardino Rivadavia”, National Arachno- = pelin 1894; Zabius birabeni Mello Leitao logical Collection (Cristina Scioscia); a.s.l. above sea level; NMW = Naturhistorisches 1938; Timogenes elegans (Mello Leitao Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria; MIZT = Mu- 1931); Brachistosternuspentheri Mello Leitao 1931 and B. angustimanus Ojanguren Affilas- seo ed Instituto di Zoologia sistematica della & Universita, Turin, Italy; MNHN = Museum tro Roig Alsina 2001. National D’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) NRS = Naturahistoriska Riksmuseet, Stock- angustimanus Ojanguren Affilastro & Roig holm, Sweden; ZMH = Zoologische Staa- Alsina 2001 Gtseirnsmtaitnuyt,; ZNooMlBogis=chNeasturMhuissetourmi,schHesamMbuusreg-, BrOacjhainsgtuorsetnerAnffuislast{rLoep&toRsotiegrnAulss)inaan20g0u1s:ti1m6a-n2u2s, um, Basel, Switzerland. All measurements are 1-14, 17, tab. I, II. (Holotype male. Las Grutas, in mm, and were taken using an ocular mi- Rio Negro Province, Argentina (MACN-Ar crometer. Illustrations were produced using a 9732)). OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO—NEW BRACHISTOSTERNUS 319 — Figures 1-7. Brachistosternuspaulae new species; 1. Fifth metasomal segment, ventral aspect; 2. Fifth metasomal segment, male, dorsal aspect; 3. Left hemispermatophore, dorsal aspect; 4. Left hemisperma- tophore, ventral aspect; 5. Left hemispermatophore, detail of the lobe region; 6. Right pedipalp chela, male, dorsal aspect; 7. Right pedipalp chela, female, retrolateral aspect. Scale bars = 1 mm. Remarks.—This species is endemic to tosternus are not found in sympatry with other southern Argentina (Fig. 29), from sea level congeners; when they inhabit the same region m & up to 1000 a.s.L (Ojanguren Affilastro they are usually in parapatry, at different el- Roig Alsiea 2001). It has been previously evations or in different environments. How- confused with B. (L.) alienus by several au= ever the distributions ofB. (L.) alienus and B. thors (Mello Leitao 1938; Maury 1973; Rim (L.) angustimanus overlap almost entirely & guelet 1953). (Ojanguren Affilastro Roig Alsina 2001). Most of the species of the genus Brachis- Brachistosternus angustimanus was also 320 THE JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY found in sympatry with Bothriurus burmeis- 38-44 pectinal teeth and the males 45-58 teri, Zahius hiraheni and Timogenes elegans. (Maury 1984). Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) pentheri intermedius Lonnberg 1902 Mello Leitao 1931 Brachiostenms weijenberhi intermedia Lonnberg Brachistosternus pentheri Mello Leitao 1931:94, 1902:255. (Twojuvenile syntypes, Ojo de Agua, 95. (Holotype male, Aristides Villanueva Depart- Salta Province, Argentina (NRS), not examined). ment, Mendoza Province, Argentina (NMW), not — examined). Remarks. This species occurs between Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) psammophilus 2500 and 4000 m a.s.i., from northwestern Ar- Maury 1978a:169-175, fig. 1-9, tab. I-IV (syn- gentina to southwestern Bolivia (Fig. 29). It onymized by Roig Alsina & Maury 1984:18). was found in sympatry with Bothriurus olaen (Holotype male. Sauce Grande, Coronel Dorrego, Acosta 1997. The specimens ofBrachistoster- Buenos Aires Province, Argentina (MACN-Ar 7026), examined). nus {Leptosternus) castroi Mello Leitao 1940 — mentioned from Argentina (Ringuelet 1953), Remarks. This species was reviewed by actually belong to B. (L.) intermedius Lonn- Roig Alsina & Maury (1984). It is endemic to berg (Ojanguren Afhlastro in press b). central and northern Argentina, from sea level Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) montanus uinpcetoto1J5u0j0uymPar.os.vii.;ncfero(mRoBiugeAnlossinAair&esMParuorvy- Roig Alsina 1977 1984) (Fig. 29). It was found in sympatry Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) montanus Roig Al- with: Bothriurus burmeisteri, B. prospicuus sina 1977:255-259, figs. 1-7. (Holotype male, Mello Leitao 1934, B, cordubensis Acosta (PuMeAnCteN-dAelr I7n0c6a0,),Meexnadmoiznaed)Province, Argentina 1995, B. chacoensis Maury & Acosta 1993, Zabius birabeni, Z. fuscus (Thorell 1877), Ti- Remarks.—Brachistosternus (L.) monta- mogenes elegans, T. dorbignyi (Guerin & Me- nus, a closely related species to B. {L.) inter- neville 1843), Vachonia sp., Brachistosternus medius Lonnberg (Ojanguren Affiilastro in alienus, B. weyenberghii (Thorell 1876), B. press b), occurs at the same altitudes but in ferrugineus (Thorell 1876), B. telteca Ojan- the center of the country (Fig. 29), in the guren Afhlastro 2()()(), Tityus trivittatus Krae- Provinces ofSan Juan and Mendoza (Roig Al- pelin 1898 and T. confluens Borelli 1899 sina 1977; Roig Alsina & Maury 1981). It was (Acosta 1995). found in sympatry with Orobothriurus alti- Brachistosternus {Leptosternus cola (Pocock 1899) (Roig Alsina 1977; Roig weyenberghii (Thorell 1876) ) Alsina & Maury 1981). Telogonus weijenherghii Thorell 1876:173—176: Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) (Holotype male, Cordova, Argentina (NRS), not multidentatus Maury 1984 examined). Brachistosternus weijenherghi reimoseri Penther Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) multidentatus 1913:247-248 (synonymized by Ojanguren Affi- Maury 1984:1 13-1 16, figs. 1-7, tab. I. (Holotype lastro in press a). (Holotype juvenile female, male, Bermejo, Caucete department, San Juan Mendoza, Argentina (NMW), not examined). Province, Argentina (MACN-Ar 7849), exam- Brachistosternus intermedius horellii Kraepelin ined). 1911:86 (synonymized by Ojanguren Afhlastro in Remarks.—This is a psammophilic species pArregsesntai)n.a(H(oMlIoZtTy)p,enfoetmaelxea,miCnaecdh)e.uta, Mendoza, that has a disjunct distribution in the Provinc- — es of San Juan and Buenos Aires (Fig. 28). It Remarks. Brachistosternus horellii Krae- occurs in dunes without vegetation. In dunes pelin 1911 and B. weijenherghi reimoseri with some vegetation, it is replaced by Bra- Penther 1913 are junior synonyms of B. we- chistosternus pentheri Mello Leitao 1931 yenberghii (Thorell 876) (Ojanguren Affilas- 1 (Maury 1984). Brachistosternus multidentatus tro in press a), which occurs between 900 and has been collected in sympatry with Vachonia 2900 m a.s.i., in the center and northwestern martinezi Abalos 1954, in southern Buenos areas of Argentina (Ojanguren Affilastro in Aires. This species has the highest number of press a) (Fig. 28). This species demonstrates pectinal teeth of the genus, the females have clinal variation ofthe length ofthe distal lam- OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO—NEW BRACHISTOSTERNUS 321 — Figures 8-14. 8-10. Brachistostenms paiilae new species: 8. Feft pedipalp chela, female, prolateral aspect; 9. Feft pedipalp chela and patella, male, ventral aspect; 10. Telson, male, lateral aspect; 11. Brachistostenms (L.) weyenberghii, telson, male, lateral aspect; 12. Brachistosternus (L.) intermedius, left hemispermatophore, detail of the lobe region; 13. Brachistosternus (L.) pentheri, telotarsus IV, lateral aspect; 14. Brachistosternus (L.) multidentatus, telotarsus IV, lateral aspect. Scale bars = 1 mm. ina ofthe hemispermatophore, with the one in in sympatry with Zabius fuscus, Timogenes the northern populations being longer than the elegans, T. dorbignyi, Bothriurus cordubensis one in southern populations. Acosta 1995, Tityus confluens, Brachistoster- Roig Alsina & Maury (1984) reviewed B. nus pentheri and B. ferrugineus (Mattoni & boreIHi and observed and described for the Acosta 1997). first time, a kidney shaped gland on the dorsal In this work the specific epithet weyenberg- face of the telson. This gland does not coiTe- hii is used following Fet, Sissom, Lowe & spond to the androvestigia described by Ce- Braunwalder (2000), but the actual spelling of kalovic (1973). Recently this kidney shaped the surname ofthe scientist in honor ofwhom gland was found in other species of the genus this species was named was Weijenbergh, not (Ojanguren Affilastro 2001). Weyenbergh (Dr. A. O. Bachmann pers. This species has never been colleeted again comm.). in its type locality in CordobaProvince (Acos- Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) zambrunoi & ta Rosso de Ferradas 1996). It was found Ojanguren Affilastro 2002 in sympatry with Bothriurus bunneisteri, B. Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) zambrunoi Ojan- olaen and Brachistosternus zambrunoi Ojan- guren Affilastro 2002:33-38, figs. 1-8, 15-19, guren Affilastro 2002. An isolated population tab. I. (Holotype male: El Arenal, Catamarca of this species from southern La Rioja is also Province, Argentina (MACN-Ar 10206)). 322 THE JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY — Remarks. This species was reviewed by Maury (1974). It was collected from central Argentina to southern Paraguay (Fig. 28); m from the sea level up to 1000 a.s.l. (Mattoni & Acosta 1997). This is probably the most common Brachistosternus ofthe “Chaquena” Phytogeographic Province, but it also occurs at the “Monte” and “Espinal” Phytogeo- graphic Provinces (Maury 1974). It was found in sympatry with Bothriurus burmeisteri, B. prospicuus, B. cordubensis, B. chacoensis, Zabius birabeni, Z. fuscus, Timogenes ele- gans, T. dorbignyi, Vachonia sp., Brachistos- ternus pentheri, B. weyenberghii, Tityus tri- vittatus and T. confluens (Acosta 1995). Brachistosternus holmbergi Carbonell 1923 Brachistosternus holmbergi Carbonell 1923:358, 359, fig. (Holotypemale,Ju- juy Province, Argentina (depository unknown)). — Remarks Brachistosternus holmbergi * (whose type is lost) is considered a probable synonym of B. {B.) ehrenbergii. Although there are no specimens to confirm its presence in this country, this species occurs in Bolivia and Chile, and this is the only Brachistoster- nus of the region that matches the description of B. holmbergi (Maury 1973). Brachistosternus telteca Ojanguren Affilastro 2000 — Figures 15-16. 15. Brachistosternus (L.) zam- Brachistosternus telteca Ojanguren Affilastro 2000: brunoi, left hemispermatophore, dorsal aspect. 16. 157-160, figs. 1-8, tab. L (Holotype male, Re= Brachistosternus (L.) intermedius, left hemisper- serva Telteca, Mendoza Province, Argentina matophore, dorsal aspect. Scale bar = 1 mm. (MACN-Ar 9931)). — Remarks. This is a very rare psammop^ — hilic species that occurs in a small area in Remarks. This is a psammophilic species northern Mendoza Province (Ojanguren Affi- that occurs in a small area in northern Cata- lastro 2000) (Fig. 28). It was found in sym- marca and southern Salta, between 1500 and patry with Brachistosternuspentheri, Bothriu- m 2000 a.s.l. (Fig. 29). It was found in sym- rus burmeisteri and Timogenes elegans. patry with Brachistosternus weyenberghii, Brachistosternus telteca can not be included Bothriurus olaen and Timogenes elegans in any of the known subgenera because of its (Ojanguren Affilastro 2002). particular trichobothrial pattern (Fig. 20). Brachistosternus (Ministernus)ferrugineus Brachistosternuspaulae new species (Thorell 1876) (Figs. 1-10, 21, 29) Telogonusferrugineus Thor&W 1876:176, 177, (Ho- Type data.—Holotype male, Punta Peligro lotype female, “Cordova”, Argentina (NRS), not (46°44^S, 67°53^W), Santa Cruz Province, Ar- examined). Brachistosternus andinus reichlini Schenkel 1949: gentina, 5 February 1978, Maury coll. 197-201, figs. 4a, 4c (synonymized by Maury, (MACN-Ar 10082). Paratypes: ARGENTI- 1974:75). (Holotype female: Rio “Saludo”, Cha- NA: Santa Cruz Province: 28 females, 24 co Province, Argentina (NMB), not examined). males, 9 juveniles, Punta Peligro, 5 February — — OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO—NEW BRACHISTOSTERNUS 323 o 9*1o et2 v1 o v2 ®v3 ^V3 v4 17. B. (Ministernus) 18. B. (Leptosternus) 19. B. (Brachistosternus) 20. B. telteca 21. B.paulae — Figures 17-21. Trichobothrial pattern of genus Brachistosternus: chela, ventral aspect, patella ventral aspect and patella dorsal aspect; 17. subgenus Ministernus; 18, subgenus Leptosternus; 19. subgenus Brachistosternus; 20. B. telteca; 21. B. paulae. 1978, Maury coll. (MACN-Ar 10083); 9 fe- January 1978, Maury coll. (MACN-Ar males, 2 males, 4juveniles, 11 January 1978, 10087). Maury coll. (MACN-Ar 10084); 8 females, 2 Etymology. This species is named after males, 21 January 1977, Maury coll. (MACN- Paula Korob—for her help in the field work Ar 10085). Diagnosis. Brachistosternus paulae can Other specimens examined. ARGENTI- be distinguished from the remaining species NA: Santa Cruz Province: 1 $, 1 (?, 1 juve- of the genus by having only 4 ventral tricho- nile, Lago Ghio (47°26'S, 70°56'W), 16 Jan- bothria on the pedipalp chela. Its closest rel- uary 1978, Maury coll. (MACN-Ar 10086); 1 ative is Brachistosternus {Leptosternus) alie- juvenile. Las Heras (46°32'S, 68°57'W), 18 nus Lonnberg 1898. Both species can be — — 324 THE JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY distinguished, besides the trichobothrial pat- smooth, dorsosubmedian, dorsolateral and tern, by the different shape of their hemisper- median lateral carinae extend the entire length matophores. In B. paulae the cylindrical of the segment and converge distally; seg- apophysis is poorly developed and shorter ments II and III similar to segment I but less than the laminar apophysis (Fig. 5); it also granular, with less well developed carinae and lacks all spines, except for the row of spines with four pairs of ventral setae; segment IV: that may be present in some specimens but in dorsally smooth, lateral surfaces with sparse a vestigial form. In B. alienus the cylindrical granulation, ventrally smooth with a large apophysis is longer than the laminar apophy- number of scattered setae; segment V ventral sis; the row of spines and the basal spines are surface densely granular, ventromedian and always well developed (Fig. 23). Brachistos- ventrolateral carinae extend the entire length ternus paulae has three rows of ventral setae ofthe segment (Fig. 1); dorsal and ventral sur- in the fifth metasomal segment, the usual dis- faces finely granular or smooth; ventral setae position being 4-2-2 (Fig. 1), whereas in B. usually comprising 3 rows: 1 basal row of 3- alienus the usual disposition is 4-2, although 5 setae, 1 median row of 1 or 2 setae, and 1 fewer than 10% of the specimens have an ad- posterior row of 1 or 2 setae, in some speci- ditional row of setae. mens there is an additional row of 1 or 2 se- Description. Color: General color light tae; in males the androvestigia (Cekalovic yellow with a dusky pattern. Prosoma with a 1973) occupy almost 2/3 of the dorsal face dark stripe from the lateral eyes to the pos- (Fig. 2). Telson sparsely granular; vesicle with tocular furrow; anterior edge with black spots; rounded ventral surface; aculeus slightly ocular tubercle black; anterior and posterior curved, of the same length as the vesicle (Fig. longitudinal sulcus with an underlying dark 10); kidney shaped gland ofthe dorsal surface stripe. Pedipalps: femur with a black spot at (Roig Alsina & Maury 1981) absent. the articulation with the patella. Tergites 1 to Pedipalps: trichobothrial pattern, ortho- IV with a light dark reticulation; V with two bothriotaxic type C: femur with 3 trichoboth- posterolateral dark spots. Metasomal segments ria: 1 d, 1 i and 1 e; patella with 3 v tricho- I to III dorsally with two posterolateral dark bothria and 13 trichobothria on its external spots; I to IV with a narrow stripe; segments face: 3 et, 1 est, 2 em, 2 esb and 5 eb; chela I to IV ventrally with two lateroventral stripes; with 1 1 trichobothria on its prolateral face: 1 V with two lateroventral stripes and a median est, 2 et, 4 v, 1 esb and 3 eb; no intraespecific stripe that does not converge with the latero- variation has been observed in this character ventral stripes in the posterior margin of the (Fig. 21). Femur and patella without carinae, segment. Some specimens are almost com- with scattered granulation on its anterior mar- pletely yellow, without the dusky pattern. gin; chela stout with relatively short fingers Morphology: Measurements of male holo- (Figs. 6-9), smooth tegument, with a ven- type and a female paratype (MACN-Ar troexternal carina; in males the prolateral 10083) in Table 1. Prosoma: Chelicerae with apophysis is well developed; movable finger two subdistal teeth; anterior edge with a slight with a central row of granules and 6 or 7 in- median bulge and six setae, two on each side ternal and external granules. Legs: finely gran- and two in the middle; tegument with coarse ular; telotarsi I and II with the inner unguis granules near the anterior margin, the rest 10 to 15 percent longer than the external. He- finely granular; anterior and posterior longi- mispermatophore (Figs. 3-5): nan'ow distal tudinal sulcus, lateral sulcus and postocular lamina, shorter than the basal portion, with the furrow deeply marked; ocular tubercle slightly external margin undulated; cylindrical apoph- anterior of the middle of the carapace with a ysis poorly developed, shorter than the lami- slight interocular sulcus, eyes one diameter nar apophysis; basal triangle well developed; apart with a seta behind each eye. Mesosoma: row of spines generally absent, or if present, tergites I to VI smooth near the anterior edge, vestigial; internal spines and basal spines ab- the rest densely granular; VII smooth in the sent. middle, the rest densely granular. Metasoma: Variation. Total length in males, 33-45 segment I: ventral surface with scattered gran- mm (/? = 30; mean — 40.32), 34-45 mm in ulation and three pairs of ventral setae, lateral females {n = 30; mean = 42.15). Pectines surface with scattered granulation, dorsally with 19-27 pectinal teeth in females {n = 30; OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO—NEW BRACHISTOSTERNUS 325 — Table 1. Brachistosternuspaulae n. sp,: measurements (mm), number of pectinal teeth and telotarsal setae of the male holotype (MACN-Ar 10082) and a female paratype (MACN-Ar 10083). Male Female holotype paratype Total length 42.50 41.00 Prosoma, length 4.00 4.50 Prosoma, anterior width 2.77 3.23 Prosoma, posterior width 4.24 4.85 Mesosoma, total length 18.00 1730 Metasoma, total length 20.50 21.20 Metasomal segment I, length 2.50 2.83 Metasomal segment I, width 2.61 2.70 Metasomal segment I, height 2.00 2.18 Metasomal segment II, length 2.80 2.90 Metasomal segment II, width 2.30 2.30 Metasomal segment II, height 2.00 2.20 Metasomal segment III, length 3.00 2.90 Metasomal segment III, width 2.10 2.20 Metasomal segment III, height 2.00 2.00 Metasomal segment IV, length 3.90 3.70 Metasomal segment IV, width 2.00 2.10 Metasomal segment IV, height 1.80 1.80 Metasomal segment V, length 4.00 4.36 Metasomal segment V, width 2.00 2.02 Metasomal segment V, height 1.63 1.62 Telson, length 4.30 4.50 Vesicle, length 2.60 2.42 Vesicle, width 1.50 1.62 Vesicle, height 1.50 1.86 Aculeus, length 1.70 2.10 Pedipalp, total length 10.45 10.53 Femur, length 2.70 2.83 Femur, width 2.70 1.00 Patella, length 2.75 2.70 Patella, width I.IO 1.37 Chela, length 5.00 5.00 Chela, width 130 1.45 Chela, height 1.45 1.70 Movable finger, length 3.00 2.75 Number of pectinal teeth 21-21 24-24 Telotarsus I, ventrointernal setae 4 5 Telotarsus I, ventroexternal setae 4 4 Telotarsus I, dorsal setae 8 7 Telotarsus II, ventrointernal setae 6 5 Telotarsus II, ventroexternal setae 4 4 Telotarsus II, dorsal setae 11 10 Telotarsus III, ventrointernal setae 8 8 Telotarsus III, ventroexternal setae 8 9 Telotarsus III, dorsal setae 12 11 Telotarsus IV, ventrointernal setae 6 7 Telotarsus IV, ventroexternal setae 4 5 Telotarsus IV, dorsal setae 4 4 . 326 THE JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY — Figures 22-21 Hemispermatophores of genus Brachistosternus; detail ofthe lobe region, top: closed aspect, bottom: open aspect. 22-23. Brachistosternus (Leptostenius) alienus, abbreviations: IS: internal spines; BT: basal triangle; BS: basal spines; ROS: row of spines; LA: laminar apophysis; CA: cylindrical apophysis. 24-25. Brachistosternus (Ministeruus)ferrugiueus; 26-21 Brachistosternus {Brachistosternus) . ehrenbergii. Scale bars = 1 mm. median = 23) and 22-29 in males {n = 30; median = 53). Fifth metasomal segment with median = 27). Length/height ratio ofthe ped- 8-13 ventrolateral setae (zz = 30; median = ipalp chela 3.05-3.41 in males {n = 30; mean 10), and 6-1 1 lateral setae (zz = 30; median = 3.29) and 2.90-3.25 in females {n = 30; = 8). — mean = 3.14). Telotarsus I with 4 or 5 ven- Additional comments. The hemisperma- trointernal setae {n = 40; median = 5), 4 or tophore of B. paulae is the least developed of 5 ventroexternal setae (/? = 40; median = 5) the genus. However a Chilean species (still and 7-9 dorsal setae (/? = 40; median = 8). unnamed) also presents such a scarce devel- Telotarsus II with 5-7 ventrointernal setae {n opment of the internal structures, but a much = 40; median = 7), 4 or 5 ventroexternal setae longer distal lamina. {n = 40; median = 4) and 10-12 dorsal setae The number of pectinal teeth of B. paulae {n = 40; median = 12). Telotarsus III with 7- is similar in males and females, which is un- 9 ventrointernal setae {n = 40; median == 8), common in genus Brachistosternus (Roig Al- 8 or 9 ventroexternal setae {n = 40; median sina & Maury 1981; Ojanguren Affilastro = 8) and 10-13 dorsal setae {n = 40; median 2000). = 12). Telotarsus IV with 5-7 ventrointernal Although the morphology of B. paulae re- setae (/z = 40; median = 7), 4-6 ventroexter- sembles the subgenus Leptosternus, its partic- nal setae {n = 40; median == 4) and 4-6 dorsal ular trichobothrial pattern does not allow for setae (zz = 40; median = 6). Fourth metasomal its inclusion in any of the known subgenera. segment with 48-57 ventral setae (zz = 20; The same situation occurs with B. telteca