BLM LIBRARY BLM Library , Cente Denver Federal OC-521 jg. §0, aox 25047 r Front Cover: Cryptoniitrium teiienini by David Wagner Back Cover: Top left: Cryptoniilriiini lenernm. Spores and elators. Top right: Conostoiinim fetragoniim. Peristome teeth and eapsule. Middle left: TetraploJon nuiioides. Capsule exotheeial eells with stomates. Middle right: Myurella jiilacea. Bottom left: RaJula bninnea. . Rare Bryophytes of Oregon Ronald L. Exeter, Judith Harpel, and David Wagner United States Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management Salem Distriet 1717 Fahry Road SE Salem, Oregon d7306 August 2016 lSBN-13: 978-0-9791310^-2. Authors: Ronald L. Exeter is a botanist for the Marys Peak Field Office. Salem District Bureau ofLand Management. 1717 Fabry Road SE Salem, Oregon 97306 [email protected] Judith Harpel is an Adjunct Professor and Curator ofBryophytes. University ofBritish Columbia Herbarium Beaty Biodiversity Museum, Botany Research Associate, California Academy ofSciences P.O. Box 490 WA Brush Prairie, 98606-0490 [email protected] David Wagner is an independent botanist specializing in bryophytes and ferns. Courtesy Associate Professor ofBiology, Research Associate, Institute ofEcology and Evolution University ofOregon Northwest Botanical Institute P.O. Box 30064 Eugene, Oregon 97403-1064 [email protected] Initial design: The authors and Maxwell R. Ratkai, Letter 13 Creative Layout^ improvements, formatting: Maxwell R Ratkai, Letter 13 Creative BLM Library Denver Federal Center Bldg. 50, OC-521 RO. Box 26047 CO Denver, 80225 . jji Rare Bryophytes of Oregon Suggested reference for citing: Exeter, Ronald L, Judith Haipel and David Wagner. 2016. Rare Btyophytes ofOregon. Salem District, Bureau of Land Management. Salem, Oregon. 97306. ISBN-13: 978-0-9791310^-2. 378 p. Abstract. The 2013 Oregon Biodiversity Information Center’s (ORBIC) species ofconcern list identifies one hornwort, 39 liverworts and 102 moss species occurring in Oregon as rare, threatened or endangered. This Bureau ofLand Management publication provides for each species current nomenclature, distinctive taxonomic characteristics, technical description, similar species, ecology, mapped known distributions, references, and a photomicrograph plate. This work gives a much-needed review ofknown species locations by both county and ecoregions. Additionally, this publication includes species proposed for inclusion into the 2016 ORBIC list. Key words: bryophyte, liverwort, hornwort, moss, rare, endangered, Oregon, BLM, Bureau ofLand Management, ORBIC. Rare Bryophytes of Oregon Acknowledgements: First and foremost, the authors would like to thank Lorelei Norvell for final review, edits and formatting. In addition, the authors would like to thank the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Oregon State Office and Salem District for funding and supporting this project. Specifically we would like to thank Rob Huffand Trish Hogervorst for suggestions and edits. Rich Hatfield and Diane Morris for overall support, and Stefanie Larew for consultation and quickly solving formatting issues. The publication was contingent on John Christy's assistance and support and the Oregon Biodiversity Information Center's (ORBIC) evolving database. We are grateful both for their cooperation and John's edits. We would also like to acknowledge: Scot Loring and Christina Veverka for providing requested species data or photos; Carol Radmore, Molly, and Libby for additional support and edits; BLM Deborah Harnke and the Denver Library for helping locate reference materials; Paul Wilson and Richard Halse for supplying voucher specimens; and Eleanor Gaines (ORBIC) for taking time to scan requested material. Special thanks to Jon Shaw', John Spence, David Toren and Roxanne Hastings for traveling to Oregon to host valuable bi7ophyte workshops over the past years. The workshops have led directly to the discovery ofnew species in Oi'egon and inci'eased our understanding ofthe known range ofsevei'al species. We also thank the following individuals and herbaria for lending specimens and providing vouchers for examination and photography. California Academy ofSciences (CAS); California State University North Ridge (SFV); J. Christy (Chi'isty pvt); R. Dewey (Dewey pvt); David Wagner (DHW pvt); Duke University (DUKE); R. Exeter (Exeter pvt); J. Harpel (Haipel pvt); R. Helliwell (Helliwell pvt); M. Hutten (Hutten pvt); D. Kofranek (Kofranek pvt); S. Loring (Loring pvt); Ken Kellman (Kellman pvt); New' YorT Botanical Garden (NY); Olympic National Park Herbarium (OLYM); Oregon State University (OSC); Provincial Museum ofAlberta (PMAE); D. Toren (Toren pvt); University of British Columbia (UBC); University ofCalifornia Berkely (UC); University ofWashington (WTU). Special thanks to Max Ratkai and Mike Hamel for their expert assistance and improvements to the authors’ design and for formatting and submitting the document for press. Our efforts would have been futile without their willingness to support this project. — Photo Credits Judith Haipel mosses; David Wagner homw'ort and liverworts; Sphagnum oregonense reprinted with pemiission from Jon Shaw'; Anastrophylhmi mimitum reprinted with pemiission from Des Callaghan; Pressia quadrata, reprinted with pemiission ofUniversity ofWashington Press. Schofield, W. B. Illustrated by Patricia Drukker-Brammall and Muriel Pacheco. Field Guide to Livemort Genera ofPacific North America, pp. 166. © 2002. -V- Color Bar Key Division Bryophyta Page 21 Di\ ision Anthocerotophyta Page 243 Division Marchantiophyta - Thalloid liverworts Page 247 Division Marchantiophyta - Leafy liverworts Page 263 Distribution Maps Page 342 Literature Cited Page 357 -VI- 1 Table of Contents Introduction 1 History ofrare plant protection in Oregon 2 Publications and references 5 Life history strategies and ecological roles 8 Threats to bryophyte sites 9 Conservation considerations 9 Data gaps 9 Distribution 10 Classification 17 Division Biyophyta; The mosses 2 Aloiua hifrons {Dq Notaris) Delgadillo 22 Andreaea nivalis Hooker 24 Andreaea schqfieldiana B.M. Murray 26 Anoectangiiim aestiviim (Hedwig) Mitten 28 Anoinohiyumjulaceuin (Schrader) Schimper 30 Barhida imgiiicidata Hedwig 32 & Brachydontium olympicwn (Britton) T.T. McIntosh J.R. Spence 34 Bnichio bolanderi Lesquereux 36 Bnichiaflexuosa (Schwagrichen) Miiller Hal 38 B)yoeiyth)vphylhim columhianimi (F.J. Hemiann & E. Lawton) R.H. Zander 40 Biyiiin ca/obiyoides J.R. Spence 42 Buxbaumia aphylla Hedwig 44 Calliergon richardsonii (Mitten) Kindberg 46 Campyliitm stellatum (Hedwig) C.E.O. Jensen 48 Campylopodiellaflagellacea (Muller Hal.) Frahm & Isoviita 50 Campylopus schmidii (Muller Hal.) A. Jaeger 52 Campylopus subidatus Schimper 54 Conostomum fetragonnin (Hedwig) Lindberg 56 Cynodontiumjenneii (Schimper) Stirton 58 & Dichodontiiim olympicum Renauld Cardot 60 Didymodon eckeliae R.H. Zander 62 Didyinodon norrisii R.H. Zander 64 Ditrichnmflexicaule (Schwagrichen) Hampe 66 Elodium blandowii (F. Weber & D. Mohr) Eckel 68 & Encalypta brevicoUis (Bruch Schimper) Aongstrom 70 Encalyptu brevipes Schljakov 72 Entosthodon californiciis (Sullivant & Lesquereux) H.A. Crum & L.E. Anderson 74 Entosdiodonfascicidaris (Hedwig) Miiller Hal 76 Ephenienim crassinerviiiin (Schwagrichen) Hampe 78 Ephemenim serratiim (Hedwig) Hampe 80 & Eiicladium verticdlalwn (Bridel) Bruch Schimper 82 Fissidensfonlamis (Bachelot de la Pylaie) Steudel 84 Gemmalvyum barnesii (J.B. Wood) J.R. Spence 86 Griminia anomala Hampe 88 Grimmia donniana Smith 90 Grimmia lisae De Notaris 92 -vii- Table of Contents Gymnostomum viridulum Bridel 96 Hygrohypnimi alpiniim (Lindberg) Loeske 98 Hygwhypmmi cochleariifo/iiim (Venturi) Brotherus 100 Hypnum /inc/hergii Mitten 102 Hypmuupratense Koch 104 hvatsiikiella leiicotricha (Mitten) W.R. Buck & H.A. Crum 106 Limhellafiyei (KS. Williams) Ochyra 108 Meesia uligiuosa Hedwig 110 Micwmitrium synoicum (James) Austin 112 Mielichhoferia elongata {^^oppc & Homschuch) Nees & Homschuch 114 & Mniimi hlyttii Bruch Schimper 1 16 Myurellajulacea (Schwagrichen) Schimper 18 1 Orthodontium grucile (Wilson) Schwagrichen 120 & Orthoduntiiunpellucem (Hooker) Bruch Schimper 122 OrthotricIniDi holanderi Sullivant 124 Orthotrichum eiiiyphylhim Venturi 126 & Orthotric/nim hullii Sullivant Lesquereux 128 & Orthotrichum hobingeri Renault Cardot 130 Orthotrichumpallens Bruch 132 Orthotrichumpelhicidiim Lindberg 134 & Philonotisyezocma Bescherelle Cardot 136 & Physcomitrellapatens (Hedwig) Bruch Schrimper 138 Physcomitrium immersum Sullivant 140 Plagiolvyum zieri (Dickerson) Lindberg 142 Plagiopus oederianus (Swartz) H.A. Crum & L.E. Anderson 144 P/agiotheciiim cavifolium (Bridel) Z. Iwatsuki 146 Plagiotheciumpiliferum (Swartz) Schimper 148 Pohlia holanderi (Lesquereux) Brotherus 150 Pohlia cardota Renauld) Brotheiiis 152 ( Pohlia huhvigii (Sprengel) Brotherus 154 Pohlia obtusifolia (Villars) L.F. Koch 156 Pohlia tundrah.i. Shaw 158 Polytrichastrum se.xangulare (BvklO) G.L. Smith var. se.xangiilare 160 Polytrichastrum sexangulare var. viilcaniciun (C.E.O. Jensen) G.L. Smith 162 Polytrichiun strictiim Bridel 164 Pseiidephemeriun nitidiun (Hedwig) Loeske 166 Pseudocalliergon trifarium (F. Weber & D. Mohr) Loeske 168 Pseudocrossidium hornschuchianum (Schultz) R.H. Zander 170 & Pseiidoleskeella serpentinensis RS. Wilson D.H. Noiris 172 Pseudoleskeella tectoriun (Funk) Kindberg 174 Ptiliiun crista-castrensis (Hedwig) De Notaris 176 Pt}'chostomiun cyclophyllum (Schwaegrichen) J.R. Spence 178 & Ptx'chostomumpacificiim J.R. Spence Shevock 1 80 Racomitriiun brevipes Kindberg 182 Racomitrium depressiim Fesquereux 184 Racomitriiun /nolle Cardot 186 Raco/nit/'iumpygmaeiun Frisvoll 188 Racomitriu/n /yszaidii Bednarek-Oehyra 190 -viii- 68 Rhvtii/iac/e/phiis siihpinnaliis (Lindberg) T.J. Koponen 192 Rhytidium rugosiun (Hedwig) Kindberg 194 Rosiilahiyuni genimascens (Kindberg) J.R. Spence 96 1 Schistu/ium cinclickhionteiim (Miiller Hal.) B. Bremer 198 SchislkinuuJlaccidum (De Notaris) Oehyra 200 Schistidiiuu helewphyllum (Kindberg) T.T. McIntosh 202 Schistidiiim teneruni (J.E. Zetterstedt) Nyholni 204 Scoiileria marginata E. Britton 206 Sphagnum oregonense R.E. Andrus 208 Splachmun umpuUaceum Hedwig 210 Splachnum sphaencum Hedwig 212 & Tayloria seirata (Hedwig) Bruch Schimper 214 Tetraphisgeniciilata Girgensohn 2 1 & Tetraplodon mnioides (Hedwig) Bruch Schimper 2 1 Thamnohyum neckeroides (Hooker) E. Lawton 220 Tomenppnum nitens (Hedwig) Loeske 222 & Tortella fragilis (Hooker Wilson) Limpricht 224 Tortella tortuosa (Hedwig) Limpricht 226 Tortilla inermis (Bridel) Montague 228 Tortilla imicronifolia Schwagrichen 230 Tortillaprotohryokles R.H. Zander 232 Trematodon asanoi Tuzibe 234 Trichostomiim crispiiliim Bruch 236 & Trichostomiim temiirostre (WookQX Taylor) Lindberg var. teniiirostre 238 Triqiietrella californica (Lesquereux) Grout 240 Division Anthocerotophyta: Homworts 243 Phymatocerosphymatodes (M. Howe) R.J. Duffet al 244 Division Marchantiophyta: Thalloid liverworts 247 Asterella holanderi (Austin) Undei'wood 248 Ciyptomitrhim teneruni (Hooker) Austin 250 Metzgeria violacea (Acherius) Dumortier 252 Peltolepis cjuadrata (Sauter) Muller (ofFreiberg) 254 Preissia cpiadrata (Scopoli) Nees von Esenbeck 256 Riccia californicaAustin 258 Spliaerocarpos hians Haynes 260 Division Marchantiophyta: Lealy liveiworts 263 Anastrophyllwn inimitiiin (Schreber) R.M. Schuster 264 Antheliajiilacea (Linnaeus) Dumortier 266 Barhilophozia barbata (Schreber) Loeske 268 Barbilophozia lycopodioides (Wallroth) Loeske 270 Blepharostoma arachnoideiim M. Howe 272 & & Calypogeiasphagnicola (Amell J. Persson) Wamstorf Loeske 274 Cephaloziella hampeana (Nees) Schiffner 276 Cephaloziellaspinigera (Lindberg) Jorgensen 278 Gymnoinitrion concinnatiiin (Lightfoot) Corda 280 Haploinitriiiin hookeri (J.E. Smith) Nees 282 Harpantlnisflotovianus (Nees) Nees 284 -IX- 6 Table of Contents Herbertiis aduuciis (Dickson) Gray siibsp. adiaiciis 286 Herhertiis dicramis (Taylor) Trevisan 288 Hygrohiel/a laxifolia (Hooker) Spmee 290 & Jamesoniella autuwnalis var. heterostipa (A. Evans) Frye L. Clark 292 Jungenmumiapolaris Lindberg 294 Kurzia sylvatica (A. Evans) Grolle 296 Marsiipella condeusata (Angstrom) Eindberg 300 Marsiipella emeuginata var. aquatica (Eindenberg) Dumoilier 302 Marsiipella sparsifolia (Eindberg) Dumortier 304 Marsiipellaspntcei (Eimpricht) Bemet 306 Mesoptychiagilliiumii (Austin) L. Soderstrbm & Vana 308 NardiaJaponica Stephani 310 Plagiocliila seiiiidecitrreiis (Eehmann & Eindenberg) Eehmann & Eindenberg 312 Porella arboris-vitae (Withering) Grolle 314 Porella bolaiideri (Austin) Pearson 3 1 Ptilidiiiiiipiilcherriiiiitiii (G. Weber) Hampe 320 Raditla brwiiiea Stephani 322 Radiila obtiisiloba polyclada (A. Evans) S. Hattori 324 Riviilariellageiiiiiiipara (A. Evans) D.H. Wagner 326 Scapaiiiagyiiiiiosfoiiiophila Kaalaas 328 & Scapaiiia obsciira (Aniell C.E.O. Jensen) Schiftner 330 Schistocliilopsis /arc/ (Eindberg) Konstantinova 332 Scliofieldia iiioiiticola J.D. Godfrey 334 Tritoiiiaria exsecta (Schmidel) Schiftner 336 Tritoiiuiria qiiiiiqiiedeiikifa (Hudson) H. Buch 338 Distibution Maps 342 Abbreviations and acronyms 357 Vascular plant references 358 Literature cited 360 -X-