ECONOMIC ISSUES, PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES P F D RODUCTIVE ORCES OF ESIGN T B P -I HE ASIS OF OST NDUSTRIAL D EVELOPMENT No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. ECONOMIC ISSUES, PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES Additional books and e-books in this series can be found on Nova’s website under the Series tab. ECONOMIC ISSUES, PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES P F D RODUCTIVE ORCES OF ESIGN T B P -I HE ASIS OF OST NDUSTRIAL D EVELOPMENT VLADIMIR A. STROKOV Copyright © 2019 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic, tape, mechanical photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. We have partnered with Copyright Clearance Center to make it easy for you to obtain permissions to reuse content from this publication. Simply navigate to this publication’s page on Nova’s website and locate the “Get Permission” button below the title description. This button is linked directly to the title’s permission page on copyright.com. Alternatively, you can visit copyright.com and search by title, ISBN, or ISSN. 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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data ISBN: (cid:28)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:24)(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:16)(cid:24)(cid:27)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:72)(cid:69)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:12) Published by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. † New York CONTENTS Preface vii Introduction xi Chapter 1 Products of Post-Industrial Period 1 Chapter 2 Productive Forces of Product Design 13 Chapter 3 Features of Designing Products from Composite Materials 39 Chapter 4 International Division and Cooperation of the Designer’s Labor 55 Chapter 5 Manufacturing Productive Forces 69 Chapter 6 International Division of Capital and Cooperation of Enterprises 85 Chapter 7 Organization of Production in Time 107 Chapter 8 Expenses, Profit, Cost 125 About the Author 143 Index 145 Related Nova Publications 149 PREFACE The goals of post-industrial development have been formulated: design and production of complex high-tech varieties (modified versions within the type) of types of products satisfying the strategic needs of the country (being the country’s wealth). Varieties differ or functionally (the number of needs satisfied by consumer functions), for example, the first stage of the Falcon 9 rocket launch of the launch vehicle, return to the launch site and vertical landing on the platform; or parametrically (parameters of consumer functions), for example, the varieties of aircraft “Airbus” A380 and A381 differ in the number of seats (180 and 236) and flight range (6100 km and 5900 km); or program control (without human intervention) by satisfaction of needs, for example, the first stage of the Falcon 9 rocket. For the first time in the world practice the decisive role of the productive forces of computer-aided design in fulfilling the goals of post- industrial development has been shown. The productive forces of computer design: the aggregate of designers (constructors, analysts, technologists) and computer means of design are capable of a) designing digital models of intermediate (parts, units, assemblies) and final products, b) analyzing and modeling structures, c) carrying out technological preparation of production, d) designing composite materials with the required parameters of consumer functions. Computerization of design leads to an instantaneous exchange of information and replacement of tons of design documentation with a single viii Vladimir A. Strokov flash disk and creates the possibility of designing varieties of products with program management (without human participation) of satisfaction of the needs (age-old dream of humanity). The use of composites provides the possibility of designing varieties of items being intellectual property carriers which meet the required parameters. The principles of the organization of the computer-aided design process (universalization, parallelism, optimization, innovations, and continuity) have been introduced and substantiated. The productive forces of computer-aided design changed the means of production of K. Marx’s model, its tools of labor becoming universal CNC machines, which caused the replacement of a worker with a machine and the labor of a worker with the labor of a technologist. The organization of the production process of intermediate and simple products in time has been developed. Universalization, innovations, optimization of design and production lead to the international division of mental labor and production capital of individual countries and regions into the design of stages and varieties and the production of varieties of intermediate products, carriers of intellectual labor property with the required consumer functions and their parameters. International cooperation of design organizations and enterprises of individual countries and regions based on the principles of parallelism and continuity leads to the formation of families of international design and production producing parametric and functional-parametric varieties of types of final products, carriers of intellectual labor property, satisfying functional and parametric requirements. The competition between families determines the development of the world industry. For example, the competition between the families of “The Boeing Company” and “Airbus SE” determines the development of civil aviation in the world. The production costs and the cost of the product have been determined. A mechanism has been developed for the development of the productive forces of design and production through the renewal of intellectual property in the design process and the accumulation of capital in the production process.