Harri Oinas-Kukkonen Khin Than Win Evangelos Karapanos Pasi Karppinen Eleni Kyza (Eds.) Persuasive Technology 3 3 4 1 1 Development of Persuasive and S C N Behavior Change Support Systems L 14th International Conference, PERSUASIVE 2019 Limassol, Cyprus, April 9–11, 2019 Proceedings 123 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 11433 Commenced Publication in 1973 Founding and Former Series Editors: Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis, and Jan van Leeuwen Editorial Board Members David Hutchison Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany Demetri Terzopoulos University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7409 Harri Oinas-Kukkonen (cid:129) Khin Than Win Evangelos Karapanos (cid:129) (cid:129) Pasi Karppinen Eleni Kyza (Eds.) (cid:129) Persuasive Technology Development of Persuasive and Behavior Change Support Systems 14th International Conference, PERSUASIVE 2019 – Limassol, Cyprus, April 9 11, 2019 Proceedings 123 Editors HarriOinas-Kukkonen KhinThan Win University of Oulu University of Wollongong Oulu, Finland Wollongong, NSW,Australia Evangelos Karapanos Pasi Karppinen CyprusUniversity ofTechnology University of Oulu Limassol,Cyprus Oulu, Finland EleniKyza CyprusUniversity ofTechnology Limassol,Cyprus ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic) Lecture Notesin Computer Science ISBN 978-3-030-17286-2 ISBN978-3-030-17287-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17287-9 LNCSSublibrary:SL3–InformationSystemsandApplications,incl.Internet/Web,andHCI ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2019 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynow knownorhereafterdeveloped. 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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface Persuasive technology is a vibrant interdisciplinary research field, focusing on the study, design, development, and evaluation of information technologies aimed at influencing people’s attitudes or behaviors through open and transparent means. The International Conference on Persuasive Technology series brings together researchers, designers, practitioners, and business people from various disciplines and a wide variety of application domains. The research community seeks to facilitate healthier lifestyles, make people feel or behave more safely, reduce consumption of renewable resources,amongothernotablegoals,by,forinstance,designingsoftwareapplications, monitoring through sensor technologies, analyzing obtained data, and providing vari- ous types of coaching for users. The 14th International Conference on Persuasive Technology was hosted by the Department of Communication and Internet Studies at the Cyprus University of Technology in Limassol, Cyprus, in April 2019, and organized in collaboration with the University of Oulu, Finland, and the University of Wollongong, Australia. In previous years, similar highly successful conferences were organized in Waterloo (Canada), Amsterdam (The Netherlands), Salzburg (Austria), Chicago (USA), Padua (Italy), Sydney (Australia), Linköping (Sweden), Columbus (USA), Copenhagen (Denmark), Claremont (USA), Oulu (Finland), Palo Alto (USA), and Eindhoven (The Netherlands). The conference addressed a wide variety of topics regarding the devel- opmentofpersuasiveandbehaviorchangesupportsystems.Thisyearpaperswerealso solicited for two specific topics, namely, personal informatics and gamification and gamified persuasive technologies. This volume contains the scientific papers that were presented at the Limassol meeting. A total of 80 completed research papers were submitted for evaluation; one submission was withdrawn before starting the review process, resulting in 79 papers going through the double-blind peer-review process. Papers were submitted by 185 authorsfrom29countries,withtheUK,TheNetherlands,andCanadahavingthemost active submitters. Methodologically, the largest single group of submitted papers was quantitative empirical papers, but a good number of empirical qualitative and mixed-methodpapersaswellasconceptual-theoreticalanddesignsciencepaperswere submitted, too. In the end, 29 papers were, accepted for publication in this volume (36.7% acceptance rate), which required the dedication of 67 skillful reviewers from 17 dif- ferent countries (onaverage three reviews werewrittenpersubmitted manuscript) and some tough decisions. The accepted papers were subsequently grouped based on their content into ten sessions in the conference and in these proceedings: Motivation and Goal-Setting; Self-Monitoring and Reflection; User Types and Tailoring; Personality, Age, and Gender; Social Support; Systems Development Process; Ethical and Legal Aspects; Drones and Automotives; Special Application Domains; and Terminologies and vi Preface Methodologies.Thesecategories,andthepaperstherein,showthediversityofresearch works and multi-paradigmatic approaches utilized in the field; furthermore, the pub- lishedpapers,onparwithknowinghowchallengingitistogetapaperacceptedinthis conference, demonstrate that the field of persuasive technology is gaining maturity. Posters, demos, symposia, doctoral consortium papers, workshop papers, and tutorial descriptions were printed in separate adjunct proceedings. The main program for the two full days of the conference, Wednesday and Thursday, was a single track with the aforementioned ten paper sessions, two panels, one on methods and tools and one on bridging theory and design, and keynotes. Adoctoralconsortiumthatgatheredtogetherdoctoralstudentsandseasonedprofessors from the field took place on Monday, and tutorials and conjunct workshops were organized on Tuesday. Wewouldlike tothank allauthors,both ofacceptedpapersandalso ofpapers that did not make it this time, for their contributions, and the reviewers for their very valuable feedback. Furthermore, we wish to thank all of our colleagues and students who were involved in organizing the many facets of this conference. April 2019 Harri Oinas-Kukkonen Khin Than Win Evangelos Karapanos Pasi Karppinen Eleni Kyza Organization General Chair Karapanos Evangelos Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus Organizing Chair Kyza Eleni Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus Program Chairs Oinas-Kukkonen Harri University of Oulu, Finland Win Khin University of Wollongong, Australia Special Session Chair, Personal Informatics Meyer Jochen OFFIS Institute for Information Technology, Germany Special Session Chair, Gamification and Gameful Persuasive Technologies Nacke Lennart University of Waterloo, Canada Program Committee Members Ali Raian Bournemouth University, UK Arakawa Yutaka Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan Baghaei Nilufar Otago Polytechnic, New Zealand Berkovsky Shlomo Macquarie University, Australia Beun Robbert Jan Utrecht University, The Netherlands Boger Jennifer University of Waterloo, Canada Brinkman Willem-Paul Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Burri Gram-Hansen Sandra Aalborg University, Denmark Chatterjee Samir Claremont Graduate University, USA Chittaro Luca University of Udine, Italy Corbett Jacqueline Laval University, Canada Davis Janet Whitman College, USA De Ruyter Boris Philips Research, The Netherlands De Vries Peter University of Twente, The Netherlands Felfernig Alexander Graz University of Technology, Austria viii Organization Fogg BJ Stanford University, USA Gamberini Luciano University of Padua, Italy Gretzel Ulrike University of Southern California, USA Ham Jaap Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands Hamari Juho Tampere University, Finland Hasle Per University of Copenhagen, Denmark Intille Stephen Northeastern University, USA Iyengar M. Sriram Texas A&M University Health Science Center, USA Kaipainen Kirsikka Tampere University, Finland Kaptein Maurits Tilburg University, The Netherlands Karapanos Evangelos Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus Karppinen Pasi University of Oulu, Finland Kelders Saskia University of Twente, The Netherlands Klaassen Randy University of Twente, The Netherlands Langrial Sitwat Sur University College, Oman MacTavish Tom IIT Institute of Design, USA Meschtscherjakov Alexander University of Salzburg, Austria Midden Cees Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands Millonig Alexandra Vienna University of Technology, Austria Orji Rita Dalhousie University, Canada Ruijten Peter Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands Spagnolli Anna University of Padua, Italy Stibe Agnis ESLSCA Business School Paris, France Tikka Piiastiina University of Oulu, Finland Torning Kristian PricewaterhouseCoopers, Denmark Tscheligi Manfred University of Salzburg, Austria van Gemert-Pijnen Lisette University of Twente, The Netherlands Vassileva Julita University of Saskatchewan, Canada Wilson E. Vance Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA Yetim Fahri FOM University of Applied Sciences, Germany Additional Reviewers Abbas Roba University of Wollongong, Australia Anwar Ahm Mehbub University of Wollongong, Australia Ehrenbrink Patrick TU Berlin, Germany Kekkonen Markku University of Oulu, Finland Mayora Oscar Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Italy McCallum Claire University of Glasgow, UK Meedya Shahla University of Wollongong, Australia Mohd Hassan Naffisah University of Teknologi Mara, Malaysia Oduor Michael University of Oulu, Finland Organization ix Ogie Robert University of Wollongong, Australia Prezenski Sabine TU Berlin, Germany Schmidt-Kraepelin Manuel Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany Schueller Stephen University of California Irvine, USA Shevchuk Nataliya University of Oulu, Finland Su Yung-Yu National Quemoy University, Taiwan Tondello Gustavo University of Waterloo, Canada Vlahu-Gjorgievska Elena University of Wollongong, Australia Sponsoring Universities Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus University of Oulu, Finland University of Wollongong, Australia Cyprus University of Technology Cyprus University of Technology (CUT) is one of three state universities in the Republic of Cyprus. Founded in 2003, Cyprus University of Technology aspires to develop itself into a modern, pioneering university able to offer education and high-level research in leading branches of science and technology which have a high impact on the economic, technical, and scientific sectors. In less than 10 years of operation, CUT has occupied high positions in international rankings. Specifically, in the2017–2018TimesHigherEducationWorldUniversityRankings(THE),CUTwas ranked 351–400 worldwide, and the highest ranked University in Cyprus and Greece.