Participation, Citizenship and Trust in Children’s Lives Studies in Childhood and Youth Participation, Citizenship and Trust in Children’s Lives Edited by Hanne Warming Roskilde University, Denmark Selection and editorial matter © Hanne Warming 2013 Individual chapters © their respective authors 2013 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2013 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries ISBN 978-0-230-30264-8 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. 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A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne Contents Notes on Contributors vii Introduction 1 Hanne Warming Chapter 1 Theorising Trust – Citizenship Dynamics 10 Conceptualisation of the Relationship Between Trust and Children’s Participation and Citizenship in Globalised Societies Hanne Warming Chapter 2 Adult Trust and Children’s Democratic 32 Participation Jo Moran-Ellis and Heinz Sünker Chapter 3 Trust Building and Violation During Childhood 52 Consequences for Children’s Wellbeing and Dispositions for Trust in Later Life Julia Grosse and Hanne Warming Chapter 4 Betrayal of Trust: Victims of Maternal Incest 73 Jackie Turton Chapter 5 Trust Relationships Between Children, Social 93 Welfare Professionals and the Organisations of Welfare Sharon Pinkney Chapter 6 Trust, Social Work and Care Ethics 114 An Exploration of the Luhmannian Concept of Trust and Social Work with Children at Risk: Relating Luhmann’s Concept of Trust to the Ethics of Care Michael Christensen Chapter 7 Trust and Facilitation in Educational Interactions 132 Claudio Baraldi and Federico Farini Chapter 8 Negotiating ‘Children’s Best Interests’ in the 154 Context of Parental Migration Maria-Carmen Pantea v vi Contents Chapter 9 ‘I trust my mom the most’: Trust Patterns of 174 Contemporary Youth Mirjana Ule Conclusion: Potentials, Challenges and Limitations of the 194 Trust Approach Hanne Warming Index 210 Notes on Contributors Claudio Baraldi is Professor of Sociology of Cultural and Communicative Processes, Department of Language and Cultural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. His research includes work on inter- actions between adults and children in institutional settings, promotion of children’s citizenship and social participation and the development of methodologies and techniques for conflict management and dialogue. Michael Christensen holds a Master’s in Social Science and Social Geo- graphy from Roskilde University, Denmark, and is currently a doctoral student at the same university at the Department of Society and Global- isation. Michael’s main field of interest is the everyday life of children and young people, and, for some, their contact with social welfare institutions and social workers. Moreover, Michael has worked in two Danish organisations, researching in the social welfare institutions’ perspectives on their contact with children and young people. Federico Farini is a contracted researcher at the Department of Language and Culture Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy, where he received his PhD in 2008. He participates in research teams about children and young people’s participation, inter- linguistic and intercultural mediation. His field of expertise covers the topics of educational interaction, healthcare interaction, intercultural communication, mass media and methodology of social research. Julia Grosse has been affiliated to the Institute for Civil Society Research at Ersta Sköndal University College and the Department of Social Work at Stockholm University, Sweden. She recently finished her PhD thesis on trust from a life course perspective. In her earlier works she dealt with young people’s engagement in civil society and is also interested in mixed methods approaches. Jo Moran-Ellis is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Sociology, University of Surrey, UK. Her two main areas of childhood research are children as social actors and the implications of this for everyday life, and considerations of research issues in empirical studies of children’s vii viii Notes on Contributors lives. Her other key area of work looks at methodological questions in integrating multiple research methods. Maria-Carmen Pantea holds a PhD in Sociology (BBU, Romania), an MSc in Evidence Based Social Interventions (Oxford) and a MA with Merit in Gender Studies (CEU). She has conducted research on the impact of migration on children and young people, on volunteering and the Roma minority. She is a member of the Pool of European Youth Researchers and holds a teaching position at the ‘Babes Bolyai’ University, Romania. Sharon Pinkney is Senior Lecturer in Social Policy at the Open University, UK, and is currently the Faculty’s Associate Dean (Nations, Regions and External Relations). She is engaged in research on children and young people’s ‘participation’ in decision-making about their lives and how this constructs, produces and reproduces children as ‘new subjects’ within social-welfare formations. Heinz Sünker is Professor in Social Pedagogy and Social Politics in the Faculty of Educational and Social Science at Wuppertal Univer- sity, Germany. He is engaged in research and publications on critical social theory, history and theory of social pedagogy and social politics, childhood studies and child and youth welfare, German fascism and resistance. Jackie Turton is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Sociology at the University of Essex, UK. She is an experienced qualitative researcher with both national and international publications. Her research activ- ities include social and health needs of marginalised groups, child pro- tection and women as offenders. Jackie has completed projects for the Home Office, Department of Health and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health in the UK as well as the Ministry of Integration in Ireland. The subsequent reports have been used to influence both policy and practice. Mirjana Ule is Professor of Social Psychology at the University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Social Sciences, Slovenia. She is the head of the Center for Social Psychology and the coordinator of the graduate pro- gramme ‘Sociology of everyday life’. Her main topics of research are youth studies, life course (from youth to adulthood), identity studies and gender studies. Notes on Contributors ix Hanne Warming is Professor of Sociology, Childhood and Social Work at the Department of Society and Globalisation, Roskilde University, Denmark. For many years, she has been doing research on childhood and children’s everyday lives, perspectives, participation and lived cit- izenship. Currently she leads a research project on ‘Trust in social work with children at risk’, financed by the Danish Research Council. Further she holds the position as appointed member of the National Council of Children’s Affairs (until Oct. 2012), as coordinator of the ESA research network on children and childhood, and as head of the international research network TRUDY (Trust dynamics in the governance of child- hood), which was created in relation to this book project.