IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TAR^iET (MT-3) 1^118 |25 1.0 |so ^"^" IIII^H 1^ |2.2 ^ 1^ 12.0 mII I.I o CIHM/ICMH CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Collection de Series. microfiches. ^ Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions/Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Tschnical and Bibliooraphic Notaa/Notaatachniquaa at bibliographiquaa Th< toi Tha Inttituta hatattamptad toobtain tha baat L'Instituta microflimA la maillauraxamplaira original copyavailabiaforfilnv-,/ig.Faaturaaofthia qu'il luia At*poaaibia daaa procurar. Laa dAtaila copywhich may ba bibliographicaiiy uniqua, dacetaxamplairaqui aont paut-Atra uniquas du which mayaitaranyoftha imagaa intha point davua bibiiographiqua, qui pauvant modifiar raproduction, orwhich may aignificantiy changa una imaga raproduita, ou qui pauvantaxigar una Th« tha usuai mathod offiiming, ara chaclcad baiow. modification danala mAthoda normala dafilmaga pot aont indiquAs ci-daasous. of filnl D Coiourad covara/ Coiourad pagas/ Couvartura da couiaur I I Pagas da couiaur Ori — ba( Covara damagad/ I PPaaggaass ddaammaaggaadd// tha I I CouvarturaandommagAa I PagaaandommagAaa sioi oth Covara rastorad and/oriaminatad/ |~~| PPaaggaass rraassttoorraadd aanndd//ooirIaminatad/ firs Couvartura raatauria at/ou paliicuiAa Pagas raataurAaa at/ou palliculAas sioi ori Covartitia mitaing/ ^yi Pagas discolourad. stainad orfoxad/ Latitra da couvartura manqua ' Pagas dAcolorAaa, tachatAaa ou piquAas Coiourad mapa/ |~~1 Pagasdatachad/ The I I Cartaa gAographiquaa on couiaur Pagas dAtachAaa sha TIN Coiourrd inic (i.a. otharthan biuaor biacic)/ rri SShhoowwtthhrroouugghhy/ whi Encra da couiaur (i.a. autraqua biaua ou noira) Transparanca Mai Coiourad plataa and/or iiiuatrations/ r~n QQuuaalliittyyooff pprriitn\tvarias/ diff( I I Pianchaa at/ou iiiuatrationaan couiaur QualitA inAgala da Timprassion anti n bagi Bound with otharmatariai/ IInncclluuddaass ssuuppppllaammaannttaarryy mmaattaarriiiai/ righ Raii6 avac d'autrat documanta I I Comprand du matArialsupplAmantaira raqi mat — Tight binding may cauaashadows ordistortion Onlyadition availabia/ I along intarior margin/ I SaulaAdition diaponibia La reliura sarr^e paut causarda I'ombra ou da ia distortion la long da la marga intAriaura D Pagas whollyor partiallyobacurad by arrata D slips, tissuaa, ate, hava baan rafilmad to Blank laavasaddad during rastoration may anauratha baat possibia imaga/ appaarwithin thataxt. Whanavarpoasibia, thaaa Las pagaa totalamantou partiallamant hava baan omittad from filming/ obacurcias par un fauiliatd'arratu. una palura, 11sa pautqua cartainaa pagas blanchas ajoutAaa ate, ontAtAfilmAas A nouvaau da fa9on A lorsd'una rastauratlon apparaissant danslataxta, obtanirla maillaura imaga possibia. mais. Iirsqua cala Atait possibia, cas pagas n'ont pas AtA fllmias. D Additional commants:/ Commantairas supplAmantairss: This itam is filmad atthe reduction ratio checlied below/ Ce document est fiimA au taux de rAduction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X Tha copy filmad hara haa baan raproducad thanka L'axamplaira film*fut raproduit grAca A la totha ganaroaity of: gtnArositAda: ir« Library oftha Public La bibliothiqua das Archivas d«tail« Archives of Canada publiqurs du Canada IM du modifiar l«r una Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality Las imagas ^uivantas ont 4t6 raproduitas evac la ffilmage possibia considaring tha condition and lagibiiity plus grand soin. comptatanu da la condition at oftha original copy and in kaaping with tha da la nattat* da l'axamplaira fiimi, at 9n filming contract spactficationa. conformityavac las conditions du contrat da filmaga. Original copias in printad paparcovarsarafilmad Les exempiairas originaux dont la couverture en baginning with thafront covarand anding on papierest imprimie sontfilmAs en commenpant tha last paga with a printad or llluatratad impras- par la premier plataten terminant soit par la sion, ortha back covarwhan appropriate. All darnlAre paga qui comporte une empreinte other originalcopiasarafilmad beginning on the d'impression ou d'illustration. soit par la second first pagawitha printad or illuatratad imprea- plat, salon ie cas. Tous les autresexemplaires sion, and ending on the laat pagawith a printad originaux sont filmAs en commenpent parla or illustrated impreaaion. premiAre pege qui comporte une empreinte d'impreasion ou d'illustration aten terminant par tea la darnlAre page qui comporte unetelle empreinte. The last recorded frameon each microfiche Un das symboles suivantsapparattra sur la TshIaNlUlEcDo"n)t,aionrtthhaaaayymmbbooll—y^-(m(emaenainnigng"E"NCDO"N:-, dcaasr:nliAeresyimmbaoglesd—e^chseiqguniefimeic"rAofSiUchIeV,REs"el,onIeIe y whicheverappliaa. symbols signifie "FIN". IVIaps, plates, charts, etc., may befilmed at Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc.. peuvent Atre different reduction retlos. Thosetoo largeto be iilmte A das taux de reduction diffArents. entirely included in oneexposure arefilmed Lorsque ie document esttrop grand pour Atre beginning in the upperleft hand corner, leftto reproduiten un seul clichA, il estfilmA A partir rightand top to bottom, as manyframea aa da I'anglesupArleurgauche, de geuche A droite. 'e required. Thefollowing diagr&ma illustratethe etde hauten bas, en prenant la nombre method: d'images nAcessaire. Las diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthoda. erreta fd to 1 2 3 It la pelure, con A 1 32X /j^.^:-T^ --^^, *x. -V ]}}l Jt-<>m«? "^ ' $r/^g;-.-'?A^iC'-. w^^^^ i ^-^- -''^ . X*^ vX V .") LETTERS AND NOTES /.T' MANNERS, CUSTOMS, AND CONDITION OF TIIK NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS. BY GEO. CATLIN. WRITTEN DURING EIOIITYEARS'TRAVELAMONGSTTHE WILDESTTRIBES OF INDIANS IN NORTH AMERICA, In 1832, 3;J, lH, 3.'), 36, 37, 38, and 89. IN TWO VOLUMES, WITH rorniiundkedillustrations,cahefully engravedfromhisoriginalpaintings. VOL. I. LONDON: « • • • . PimLISHE•Drf.rr•H•ij•.7•«jJI;U'O.R*,.*'Ar3'He EQYPTIAN hall, PICCADILLY ^ft€NT£I» IIY.TOSSWILL A?ID*S«ViRi{;^i'jJlDfi'nif^ *••*;' :*.•'•:•••. • ••• •.'; I84r.-- ••••. ^EnteredatStutionen'Hall.] J 4 - 1 -I •-• • •- '""• -Tfc*««ii — — CONTENTS OP THE FIRST VOLUME. Frontisi'IECe: TheAuthorpaintinga Chief inan Indian Village. Mapnf Indian Localitiesembraced within theAuthor's Travels. LETTER—No. 1. — — Wyoming, birth-place of the Author,p.i. His formerProfession Firstcnuseof his — — TravelstotheIndianCountry DelegationofIndiansin Philadelphia First ;tart to theFarWest,in1832,p.3.—DesignofformingaNationalGaller—y—NumbersofTribes visited,andnumberofPaintingsandotherthingscollected,p.4. Probableextinction — oftheIndians,p.5. Formerandpresentnumbersof—Thepropermodeofapproachinfj — them,andestimatingtheircharacter,p.5 10. Certificates of Government Officers,—Indian Agents and others, as to thefidelity of the PortraitsandotherPaintings,p.11 13. LETTER—No. 2. Mouth of Yellow Stone, p. 14, pi. 3.—Distance from St. Louis—Difficulties of the — — Missouri Politeness of Mr. Chouteau and Major Sanford Fur Company's Fort Indian Epicures—New and true School for theArts—BeautifulModels,p.14—16. M — LETTER No. 3, Mouth of Yellow Stone. — — Characterof Missouri River, p. 18, pi.4. Beautiful prairieshores,p.19,pi.5. Pic- turesqueclaybluff's, p.19,pi.6.—Firstappearance of asteamerattheYellowStone, andcuriousconjecturesoftheIndiana aboutit,p. 20.—FurCompany'sEstablishment atthemouth of YellowStone—M'Keniie—His table and politeness, p.21.—Indian tribesinthisvicinity,p.22. — LETTER No. 4, Mouth of Yellow Stone. UpperMiss—ouriIndians—General character, p. 23.—Buffaloes—Description of, p. 24, pis.7,8 Modesofkillingthem—Buflfalo-hunt,p.25.—Chardon'sLeap,p.26,pi.9.— Wounded bull,p. 26, pi. 10.—Extraordinaryfeatof Mr. M'Kenrie, p. 27.—Retnrn fromthe chase,p.28. A 2 ————— IV LETTKK—No. 5, Mourn of Yellow Stone. — — AiiitlUiaocrk'8fupontinctliinicxf-Hr,ooitmi,uluntdlipcihriircuocsttpurmseiiin,it|,).]>.:U')J,9——. MllalclkMlc'kofoototwchoimefu,n]i.a3n9d,pic.hi1l1d., jO).th3e0r, II'xll p—is.litl'.n'c,k1f3ou.t—hScouwlsp,s,HJuinidnh(Ur,bjuerctrsowfsoriwihndiclhuurcioiak,imp. roeUd,pMip,e'sp,i.iilnUd.—pipS«u-v!tittroanled(ilusitiirrnyg,u|i>.sh3e1d. m I1')l1 Ulackfeet,p.'M,pU. 14,l.'i,16, 17. LETTER—No. 6, Mouth or Yellow Stone. — — Medicines or iny>leries medicine-bnij; origin of theword medicine, p. 3.5.^Modeof — formingtheniedicine-hng, p. 3(i. Vulueof themedicine-hagtothe Indian,undmate- — — rialsfortheirconstruction,p.37,—pi. 111. I(lackfootdoctorormedicine-man hismode ofcuringthesick,p. 39, pi. 19. Difl'erent offices and importance of mediciue-men, p.41. LETTER—No. 7, Mouth of Yellow Stone. — — Crows and Blackfeet General character and appearance, p. 4!2. Killing and drying — — meat,p.43,pi. S!2. Crow lodge orwigwam,p.43,pi. 20. Strikingtheir tents and — encampment moving, p. 44, pi. 21. Mode of dressing and smoking skins,p.45. — — — Crows Heautyof theirdresses Horse-stealing or capturing Reasons whytheyare calledroguesandrobbersofthefirstorder,&o.p; 4(>. LETTER—No. 8, Mouth of Yellow Stone. — — Furtherremarksonthe Crnws Extraordinarylengthofhair,p.49. Peculiaritiesof the — Crowhead,andseveralportraits,p.30,pis.14,25,26,27. CrowandDIackfeetwomen — — Their modes of dressing and pair.dng,p.51. Differences between theCrow and — — Blackfootlanguages,p.51. Differentbands Differentlanguages,andnumbersofthe — — — Blackfeet,p.52. Knisteneaux Assinneboins,and Ojibbeways,p. 53. Ass.nneboina ItJ a partof theSioux—Theirmodeofboilingmeat,p.54.—Pipe-dance,p. 55, pi. 32. — — Wi-jun-jon(achief)andwife, pis.28,29. Hisvisit toWashington,p. 56. Dresses — of womenandchildrenof theAssinneboins, p.57,pi.34. Knisteneaux (orCrees) — — characterandnumbers,and several portraits,p. 57, pis. 30,31, Ojibbeways Chief andwife,p.58,pis.35,36. LETTER—No. 9, Mouth of Yellow Stone. f — Contemplations of the Ureat Far West and its customs, p. 59. Oldacquaintance, — — — p. 60. March and effects of civilization, p.60. The "Far West" TheAuthor in — searchofit,p.62. Meetingwith "Ba'tiste,"afreetrapper,p.63,64. LETTER—No. 10, Mandan Village, Upper Missouri. A strange place—Voyage from Mouth of YellowStonedown theriver to Alandans —Commencement—LeaveM'Kenzie'sFort,p. ( —Assinne—boinsencampedontheriver Wi-jun-jon lecturingon the customs of white people Mountain-sheep, p. 67. ——— ——— A pi.II.—Other pWias.r-3P7,RK3lae.—s-RGruidKlpuynibiecnHrs,stpo.no6—8.A—Cwlinlydbslturfoflslj,—"Mboruinctka-iknielfnsr,'"uvsollereapn,icp.ipm7o0i.n—s,(ipr.iz6z9l,y BI (ctIl|iii8imtlridri,iy^,uJ|)i>.8,li33t01>,.d bpbnpiieiul.faseirh3co9efa.nitin—ndddrsAibcnfeecttrneur-eilwbreoosysop,—dei—ptns.JhoKtTouhniore.ctni—ifu"njegnA(o,pdJuivrspn.negnna7dtit6nu,triatXehpciiekta.o—fnutCi4er0gur",hn—t—oa—enS"tVeuOrolporkl—eba—ubnnpeddtdWou,auDorsou-ps.pmcael7sra"c1tye—.ynb—ledPuEirfoatsaf'ticsroiw—ivnieeglTrdaedobdoful,lgreospw—.emlrea7sVan4,idt—l,sblupaMfo.glane'7ga5l-a.o Fruitlessendeavourstoshootthem,p.77,pi.42. Picturedbluft"andtheThreeDomes, p. 7U, pis. 43,44.—ArrivalattheMandan village,p.79. 35.—Modeof lian,andinute- i lan^iismode LETTER—No. 11, Mandan Village. luediciue-meo. Location—Village,p.00,j)l.45.—Formerlocations,fortificationoftheirvillage—Descrip- tion of village and mode of constructing their wigwams,p.131, lit'.—Descriptionof — — — — interior Beds—Weapons Family groups,p.82,83,pi.46. Indian garrulity Jokes — — Fire-side fun and story-telling, p. 84. Causes of Indian taciturnity in civilized ig and drying society,p.85. leir tents and ikwihnsy,tp.he4y5.are LETTER—No. 12, Mandan Village. — — — Bird's-eye view of the v—illage, p. 87, pi. 47. The "big canoe" Medici—ne-lodge strange —medley,p. 88. Mod—eof depositingthe—dead onscaflfolds,p.89. —llespectto the(lead Visitingthe dead Feeding the dead Converse with the dead Bonesof thedead,p.90,pi.48. iaritiesof the ckfeetwomen theCrow and LETTER—No. 13, Mandan Village. iimbitrsofthe — — AsB.nneboina Thewolf-chi—ef Head-chiefofthe—tribe,p.92,pi—.49. Severalportrai—ts, p.92, pis..50, J5,—pi. 32.— 5p1.,9548.,—53H.airPeorfstohnealmeapnp—eaHraainrceoftPheceulwioamrietni,esp.C9o5m,plpie.xi54o.n—, pB.at9h3.ing"aCnhdevsewiumxmigrnigs,, 66. Dresses — — p.96. Modeofswimming Sudatoriesorvapour-baths,p.97-8,pi.71. orCrees) — iways Chief LETTER—No. 14, Mandan Village. — — Costumes of theMandans Higlivalueset upon them Twohorses for a head-dress M—adeofwar-eagle'squillsandermine, p.100,101.—Head-dresseswith horns,p. 103. AJewishcustom,p. 104. cquaictance, 10Author in LETTER—No. 15, Mandan Village. AstonishmentoftheMandansattheoperationoftheAuthor'sbrush,p.105.—TheAuthor — — UI. instoUedmedicineor medicine-man,p. 106. Crowds around the Author Curiosityto — IMandans seeandtotouchhim,p. 107, Superstitiousf—earsforthosewhowerepainted,p.108. ontheriver Objections raised to being painted,p. 109. The Author's operations opposed bya p. 67.— Mandandoctor,ormedicine-man,andhowbroughtover,p.110,pi.55. f V