LAW AND THE NEW LOGICS This book is unique in presenting an interdisciplinary conversation between jurists and logicians. It brings together scholars from both law andphilosophyandlooksattheapplicationof‘thenewlogics’tolawand legal ordering, in a number of legal systems. The first part explores the waysinwhichthenewlogicsshedlightonthefunctioningoflegalorders, includingthestructureoflegalargumentationandtherulesofevidence. Thesecondaddresseshownon-classicallogicscanhelpustounderstand the interactions between multiple legal orders, in a range of contexts including domestic and international law. The final part examines par- ticularissuesintheapplicabilityofnon-classicallogicstolegalreasoning. Thisbookwillbeofinteresttoscholarsandstudentsoflaw,jurisprudence and logic who want to deepen their understanding of the relationships between law and logic, and learn about recent developments in formal logicandtheirimplicationsforlegalreasoning. h. patrick glenn taught and had research interests in the areas of comparative law, private international law, civil procedure and the legal professions.HewasPeterM.LaingProfessorofLawatMcGillUniversity, andwasamemberoftheRoyalSocietyofCanadaandatitularMemberof the International Academy of Comparative Law. He also served as Dir- ectorofMcGill’sInstituteofComparativeLaw.In2006,Glennreceived the Prix Léon-Gérin in recognition of his contributions to comparative lawoverhiscareer,andin2012,hewaselectedpresidentoftheAmerican SocietyofComparativeLaw.HediedinOctober2014. lionel d. smith is Sir William C. Macdonald Professor of Law at McGill University. He has written extensively on many aspects of com- parative private law and is particularly engaged with how private law understands aspects of unselfish behaviour. Smith is a member of the American Law Institute, the European Law Institute, the International Academy of Comparative Law and the International Academy of Estate andTrustLaw. LAW AND THE NEW LOGICS Edited by H. PATRICK GLENN McGillUniversity,Montreal LIONEL D. SMITH McGillUniversity,Montreal UniversityPrintingHouse,CambridgeCB28BS,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,NY10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,VIC3207,Australia 4843/24,2ndFloor,AnsariRoad,Daryaganj,Delhi-110002,India 79AnsonRoad,#06-04/06,Singapore079906 CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107106956 10.1017/9781316227329 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2017 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2017 AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Glenn,H.Patrick,editor.|Smith,LionelD.,editor. Title:Lawandthenewlogics/editedbyH.PatrickGlenn,LionelD.Smith. Description:NewYork:CambridgeUniversityPress,2016. Identifiers:LCCN2016023150|ISBN9781107106956(Hardback) Subjects:LCSH:Law–Interpretationandconstruction.|Law–Methodology. Classification:LCCK213.L3932016|DDC340/.1–dc23LCrecordavailableat https://lccn.loc.gov/2016023150 ISBN978-1-107-10695-6Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. This book is dedicated to Jane and Patrick Glenn In gratitude for everything they have done for their students and their colleagues. LDS CONTENTS List of Contributors ix Preface xi part i New Logics in the Functioning of Legal Orders 1 1 Logics of Argumentation and the Law 3 henry prakken 2 Conjunction of Evidence and Multivalent Logic 32 kevin m. clermont 3 One God, No State, and Many Legal Arguments: Multivalent Logic in Jewish Law 69 chaim n. saiman part ii NewLogicsintheRelationsofLegalOrders 87 4 Logical Tools for Legal Pluralism 89 jaap hage 5 Legal Inconsistency and the Emergence of States 109 nicholas w. barber 6 Political Settlement and the New Logic of Hybrid Self-determination 129 christine bell 7 Choice of Logic and Choice of Law 162 h. patrick glenn 8 Where Laws Conflict: An Application of the Method of Chunk and Permeate 168 graham priest vii viii contents 9 Law and Equity: Chunk and Permeate? 181 lionel d. smith part iii The Logical Debate 197 10 Do Inconsistent Laws Deliver Gluts? 199 j. c. beall 11 The Applications of Bivalent Logic, and the Misapplication of Multivalent Logic to Law 208 andrew halpin 12 Fuzzy Law: A Theory of Quasi-Legality 236 oren perez Index 273 CONTRIBUTORS n.w. barber is a Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. j. c. beall is Board of Trustees Distinguished Professor of Philosophy and Logic at the University of Connecticut (Storrs, USA), and Professor ofPhilosophyattheUniversityofTasmania(Hobart,Australia).Beallis also an Associate Research Fellow in the Arche Centre at the University of St Andrews (Fife, Scotland). christine bell isAssistantPrincipal(GlobalJustice)andProfessorof Constitutional Law, University of Edinburgh. kevin m. clermont is the Ziff Professor of Law, Cornell University. h. patrickglenn,FRSC,wasPeterM.LaingProfessorofLaw,Faculty of Law, McGill University. jaap hage holds the Chair of Jurisprudence at Maastricht University. andrew halpin is Professor of Law and Director of the Centre for Legal Theory at the Faculty of Law, National University of Singapore. oren perez is a Professor at the Faculty of Law, Bar-Ilan University. henry prakken isalecturerinartificialintelligenceattheDepartment of Information and Computing Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University and a professor of legal informatics and legal argumentation at the Faculty of Law, University of Groningen. graham priest isDistinguishedProfessorofPhilosophyattheCUNY GraduateCenter,andBoyceGibsonProfessorEmeritusattheUniversity of Melbourne. ix