Journal of Applied Microbiology Edited by D.E.S. Stewart-Tull, I. M. Reavers and G. R. Gibson Volume 87, 1999 Copyright © 1999 by The Society for Applied Microbiology ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this volume may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the Society ISSN 1364-5072 Published by Blackwell Science Ltd OXFORD LONDON EDINBl.'RGH BOSTON MF.LBOLRNF BERLIN VIENNA Printed in Great Britain Contents Volume 87, Number 1, July 1999 141 Extracellular inulinases from Penicilliitm janezewskii, a fungus isolated from the rhizosphere of I ernonia herbaeea 1 Yeast cell mortality related to a high-pressure shift: (Asteraceae) R..A.B. Pessoni, R.C.L. Eigueiredo-Ribeiro occurrence of cell membrane permeahilization .W.R. Braga J. M. Perrier-Coniet, U. flayerl cj P. Gervais 148 Laboratory-scale inactivation of African swine fever 8 Formaldehyde kills spores of BuciUiis stihlilis hy DN A virus and swine vesicular disease virus in pig slurry damage and small, acid-soluhle spore proteins of the C. Turner S..\\. Williams «//i-type protect spores against this DNA damage 158 .\ one step P(>R-based method for the detection of C..J. L/islioii, PC. GeiiesI, B. Set low <2 P Set low economically important soft rot Erwinia species on 15 A numerical taxonomic study of the Pseitilomouas flora micropropagated potato plants /.A.. Toth, L.J. Hyman cy isolated from poultry meat 1. .-innnit-Rollier, L. I (iiiteri)i, .7/?. Wood P. De I os, D.L. .Mii.ssart, L..4. Devriese, L. De Ziitter 167 Isolation and characterisation of two genetically distant 7- I Hoo f groups of Aeetobaeter diazotrophieus from a new host 29 Characterization of Ccnulula kriisei strains from plant Elusine eoracana L. P. Loganathan, R. Sunita, spontaneously fermented maize dough hy profiles of .I.K. Parida cy S. Aair assimilation, chromosome profile, poh merase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease analysis 173 (iarbon fractions in the rhizosphere of pea inoculated Huy ford ty .M. jfuhohseii with 2,4 diacetylphloroglucinol producing and non¬ producing Pseudomonas Jluoreseens I'113 DC \aseby, 41 F.ffectiveness of cleaning techniques used in the food Paseual ff.M. Lynch industry in terms of the removal of bacterial biofilms H. Gibson, J.H. Taylor, K.E. Hall jf.T Holali 182 The use of enterocin CCiM 4231 in soy milk to control the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus 49 A fast method for monitoring the colonization rate of aureus i. Laukoid £y S. Czikkovd lactobacilli in a meat model system .4. I eyrat, l/.C Miralles & G. Perez-Marlinez 62 Effect of u.v. light irradiation, starvation and heat on Volume 87, Number 2, August 1999 Escbericlua /I’-D-galactosidase activity and other potential \ lability parameters L. Fiksdal £y /. Trylaml 187 3rd International Conference on .\nthrax. University of 72 Effect of a mixed culture on co-oxidation during the Plymouth, 7-10 September 1998: preface A. Baillie degradation of saturated hydrocarbon mixture S.H. Ko Leheault 189 1996-97 global anthrax report .1/. Hugh-Jones 80 \ iscosinamide, a new cyclic depsipeptide with surfactant 192 national register of historic and comtemporary anthrax and antifungal properties produced by Pseudomonas foci B.L. Cherkasskiy Jluoreseens 1)R54 T.H. \ielsen, C. Christopbersen, 196 Anthrax explodes in an Australian summer .4. 7 Turner, I. .Antlioni ^ ff. Sorensen J. ll. Galiin, R. J. Rubira C G. T .Miller 91 Rapid evaluation of biocidal activity using a transposon- 200 Identification of Bacillus anthracis strains in C.hina encoded catechol 2,3-dioxygenase from Pseudomonas Y. Liang <5 D. \ u putida L.A. Edgliill, .A.D. Russell, Day J.R. Eurr 204 .Meso-scale ecology of anthrax in southern .Africa: a pilot 99 Electrotransformation of Lactobacillus maniliotivorans stud\ of diversity and clustering K.L. Smith, T. De I os, EMG 18010' and EMG 18011 R. Rodriguez Sanoja, H.B. Brydeii, M.E. Hugh-jfones, A. Kleiytska, LB. Price, jf. Morlon-Guyot ^ fJ.P Guyot P. Keim Cr D. T Scholl 108 Immobilization of Aspergillus oryzae tannase and 208 .A review of anthrax in C^anada and implications for properties of the immobilized enzyme M..d. Abdel-Saby, research on the disease in northern bison D.C Dragon, . Sherif .d.B. El-Tanasb .d.T. .Wankarios B. T. Elkin, J.S. Mshi O' TR. Ellsworth 115 Seasonal variation of Campylobacter types from human cases, veterinary cases, raw chicken, milk and water 214 Antibody-based systems for the detection of Bacillus J. A. Hudson, C. Sikol,J. ff right, R. Whyte S.K. Hasell anthracis in environmental samples G.ll. Long O /: O'Brien 125 Antibiotic amendment for suppression of indigenous microflora in feed sources for an Escherichia colt 215 Molecular diversity in Bacillus anthracis P. Keim, auxotroph Ivsine assav .4..VI. Erickson, LB. Zabala-Diaz .4.1/. Kleiytska, I..B. Price, J..M. Schupp, G. Zinser, C^S.C.Ric'ke K. L. Smith, .M.E. Hugh-Joncs, R. Okinaka, K.K. Hill O l\J. Jackson 131 Culture-independent quantification of physiologically- active microbial groups in fermented foods using 218 Fluorescent detection techniques for real-time multiplex rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes: application to strand specific detection of Bacillus anthracis using rapid pozol, a Mexican lactic acid fermented maize dough PCR .VJ..4. Lee, G. Brightwell, D. Leslie, H. Bird O E .Ampe, A. ben Omar iA ff.-P. Guyot -4. Hamilton [iii] [iv] CONTENTS 224 The Ba813 chromosomal DNA sequence effectively 294 Experiences with vaccination and epidemiological traces the whole Bacillus authracis community 1. Raiiiisse, investigations on an anthrax outbreak in Australia in G. Patru, J. l aissaire M. Mock 1997.4.y. Turner, J.M. Galiin, R.J. Rithira, R.J. Condron G" T. Bradley 229 PC'.R-ELISA to detect Bacillus authracis from soil samples-limitations of present published primers 298 .Antigen delivery by attenuated Bacillus authracis: new Hi Beyer, S. Pocivalsek R. Biihm prospects in veterinary vaccines E Brassier, M. Mock £5" J.-C. Sirard 237 Definitive identification of Bacillus authracis—a review RGB Turnbull 303 Clinical aspects, diagnosis, and treatment of anthrax .4..11. Triedlander 241 C.haracteri/ation of the exosporium of Bacillus cereus S. Charlton, A.J.G. Moir, L. Baillie A. Moir 304 In vitro correlate of immunity in an animal model of inhalational anthrax .11. A.. 11. Pitt, S. Little, B.E. Ivins, 246 Molecular recognition specificity of Bacillus authracis P. Fellows, J. Boles, J. Barth, J. Hewetson £y spore antibodies P. Longcbanip T. Leighton .4.. 11. Triedlander 250 The capsule of Bacillus authracis, a review 7. Ezzelljr. eff 305 Immune correlates of protection against anthrax S.L. IVelkos A. Fowler, B.M. McBride, P.C.B. Tiirnlnill ciT 251 Bacillus authracis surface: capsule and S-layer A. Fouet, L.MJ. Baillie S. Mesnage, E. Tosi-Coutiire, P Gounon M. Mock 306 Human immune responses to the UK human anthrax 256 The SLU domain as a means for anchoring heterologous vaccine L.M.J. Baillie, A. Fowler £5" P.C.B. 'Turnbull proteins on the cell surface of Bacillus authracis 309 Expression of the protective antigen of Bacillus authracis S. Mesnage, E. Tosi-Couture, 41. Mock A. Fouet by Lactohacillus casei: tow ards the development of an 261 Sequence, assembly and analysis of pXOl and pX02 oral vaccine against anthrax .V.D. Zegers, F. Kliiter, R. Okinaka, A. Cloud, (). Hampton, A. Hofflnaster, A. Hill, //. van der Stap, F. van Dura, P. van Dalen, .11. Shaw £y L. Baillie P Keiin, T. Koehler, G. Lanike, S. Kiimano, D. Manter, Y. Martinez, D. Ricke, R. Svensson & P. Jackson 315 Presentation of protective antigen to the mouse immune 263 Genetic comparison of Bacillus authracis and its close system: immune sequelae F.D. M illiamson, R.J. Beedham, .T.ll. Bennett, J. .Miller L.M.J Baillie relatives using amplified fragment length polymorphism and polymerase chain reaction analysis PJ. Jackson, 318 W HO activities on anthrax surveillance and control A. A. Hill, M.T Laker, L.O. Ticknor CT P. Keini P.C.B. Tiirnlnill, .11./:'. Hiigh-Jones £5' O. Cosivi 270 The native virulence plasmid combination affects the 321 3rd International Cj)nference on .Anthrax, University of segregational stability of a theta-replicating shuttle Plymouth, 7-10 September 1998: closing remarks \ector in Bacillus authracis \ ar. \ eir Hampshire //. Smith J.E. Bowen C.P. Quinn 279 C’.ontrol of virulence gene expression in Bacillus authracis A.R. Hoffinaster 'EM. Koehler Volume 87, Number 3, September 1999 282 Crystallographic studies of the anthrax lethal toxin R. Liildington, .4. Pannifer, P Hanna, S. Leppla (5 323 Comparative responses oj Pseudomonas stutzeri and R.J Collier Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibacterial agents L. Tattawasart, J.-Y. Maillard, J.R. Furr £5'.4./4. Russell 283 Mechanism of membrane translocation by anthrax toxin: 332 Phospholipid molecular species distribution of some insertion and pore formation by protective antigen medically important Candida species analysed by fast R.J Collier atom bombardment mass spectroscopy .11. .Ahdi, 284 Anthrax toxin fusion proteins for intracellular delivery of D.B. Driicker, T. Boote, .11. Korachi £^ F.D. Theaker macromolecules A.//. Leppla, S, Arora CT .\1. Tariighese 339 Combined use of acetic acid treatment and modified 285 Lethal toxin actions and their consequences P. Hanna atmosphere packaging for extending the shelf-life of 288 Anthrax lethal factor cleaves the N-terminus of .MAPKKS chilled chicken breast portions S..M. Jimenez, M.S. Salsi, and induces tyrosine/threonine phosphorylation of -M.C. Tihurzi, R.C. Rafaghelli .M.F. Pirovani MAPKS in cultured macrophages G. I itale, 345 Bile salt deconjugation by Lactobacillus plantariim 80 and R. Pellizzari, C. Recchi, G. Sapolitani, .\I. .Mock its implication for bacterial toxicity P. De Boever £5" C. .Monteciicco 11. 1 erstraete 289 Anthrax lethal factor causes proteolytic inactivation of 353 Effects of cultural conditions on denitrification by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase A.A. Diieshery Pseudomonas stutzeri measured by .Membrane Inlet .Mass G.E I a tide Monde Spectrometry ,7. A. Firth 15 C. Edwards CONTENTS [V] 359 The influence of hay-packing techniques on the presence 472 Identification and environmental detection of Rhodococciis o( Saccharopolysporci rectivirgiila G. Ranalli, L. Grazia <5 species by 16S rDNA-targeted PCR K.S. Bell, -•1. Roggeri M.S. Kuyiikina, S. Heidbrink, J.C. Philp, DAV.J. Aw, 366 Hemicellulase activity of antarctic microfungi 1. B. Ivshina s5 A. Christoji J. R. Bradner, R.K. Sidini, M. Gillings ST 481 Emterotoxigenic profiles and PCR detection o( Bacillus K. M.H. Sevalatnen cereus group cells and B. cereus strains from foods and 371 Water activity and temperature effects on germination food-borne outbreaks Y.M. Hsieli, S.J. Sheu, Y.L. Chen and growth of Eurotiiim amstelodumi, E. chevalieri and i5 H. Y. Tsen E. herhariorum isolates from baker\ products 491 Validating predictive models of food spoilage organisms M. Abellaua, J. Benedi, 1. Sunchis ^ A.Jf. Ramos C. Pin, J.P. Sutherland (5 J. Baranyi 381 Characterization of chlorobenzoate degraders isolated 500 Production and utilization of polyclonal antibodies from PCB contaminated soil and sediment in the Czech against nisin in an ELISA and for immuno-location of Republic L. Pavlii,J. Vosdhlovd, //. Klierovd, M. Proiiza. nisin in producing and sensitive bacterial strains K. Demneroi'd 1. Brenner M. Bouksaim, C. Lacroix, R. Bazin (5 R.E. Simard 387 Effect of process temperature, pH and suspended solids 511 Production o( Aspergillus xylanases by lignocellulosic content upon pasteurisation of a model agricultural waste waste fermentation and its application P. T. Gawande (5 during thermophilic aerobic digestion J. O. L giriianyi, M. V! Kamat L. M. Harvey B. McXeil 520 Zygosaccharomyces lentus: a significant new osmophilic, 396 Heat transfer analysis of Staphylococcus aureus on preservative-resistant spoilage yeast, capable of growth at stainless steel with microwave radiation C.B.A. Yeo, low temperature H. Steels, S.A. James, /.A. Roberts i5 LA. Watson, D.E.S. Stewart-Tull & l.H.H. Koh M. Stratford 402 Study of the potential relationship between the 528 Sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria as indicators of morphology of infectious somatic coliphages and their diffuse human faecal pollution in estuarine watersheds persistence in the environment ,V/. Muniesa, F. Lucena MAI. Rhodes <5 H. Kator 3- Jofre 536 Salmonella infection in children from the wastewater¬ 410 Reduced toxicity of expression, in Escherichia colt, of spreading zone of Marrakesh city (Morocco) anti-pollutant antibody fragments and their use as .4. Ait .Melloul (5 L. Hassani sensitive diagnostic molecules G’. Strachan, S. Williams, 540 The effect of a-lactalbumin and P-lactoglobulin S. P Moyle, W.J. Harris A.J.R. Porter hydrolysates on the metabolic activity of Escherichia coli 418 Detection of low numbers o( Salmonella in environment J-M103 .4. Pihlanto-Leppiild, P Maniila, L. Hubert, water, sewage and food samples by a nested PC.R assay T. Rokka, H.J.T. Korhonen z5 .1/. Karp A.S. If aage, T Vardund, V Lund 15 G. Kapperud 546 A study of dextran production from maltodextrin by cell 429 Effect of protective solutes on leakage from and survival suspensions of Gluconobacter oxydans NCdB 4943 of immobilized Lactobacillus subject to drying, storage K. C. Moiintzouris, S.G. Gilmour, .A.f.Jay s5 R..A. Rastall and rehydration E. Selnier-Olsen, S.E. Birkeland i5 T. Sorhaug 557 Purification and partial characterization of an extracellular serine-proteinase of Streptomyces cyaneiis, 438 Nisin, temperature and pH effects on growth and isolated from Brazilian cerrado soil S.D.G. Petinate, viability of Pectinatus frisingensis, a Gram-negative, M.H. Branquinha, R.R.R. Goelho, .A.B. Vermelho i5 strictly anaerobic beer-spoilage bacterium A.-E. Cbiliib, S. Giovanni-De-Sinione L. Monnerat, J.M. Membre s5 J!-/-. Tholozan 564 Ehe effect of zinc oxide supplementation on the stability 447 Recovery and assay of African swine fever and swine of the intestinal flora with special reference to vesicular disease viruses from pig slurry C. Turner, composition of coliforms in weaned pigs .1/. Katouli, S. M. Williams (5 PJ. Wilkinson L. Melin, M. jfensen-llaern, P Wallgren (5 R. .Mollby 454 Ecological basis for biocontrol of damping-off disease by 574 Molecular and physiological characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens 54/96 R.J. Ellis, dominant bacterial populations in traditional Mozzarella T. M. Timms-Wilson, J.E. Beringer, D. Rhodes, A. Renwick, cheese processing M. Morea, F. Baruzzi i5 L. Stevenson (5 M.J. Bailey PS. Cocconcelli 583 Anaerobic lactic acid degradation during ensilage of Volume 87, Number 4, October 1999 whole crop maize inoculated with Lactobacillus biichneri inhibits yeast grow th and improves aerobic stability 465 Comparison of different methods for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis from tuberculin- or interferon-y-reacting /•' Driehuis, S.J.IV.H. Dude Fife rink f5 S.E. Spoelstra cattle in Spain O.R. Gonzalez Llamazares, C.B. Gutierrez 595 Microbiological characteristics of Anevato: a traditional Martin, A. Aranaz Martin, E. Liebana Criado, Greek cheese M. Hatzikamari, E. Litopoulou-Tzunetaki L. Dominguez Rodriguez (5 E.F Rodriguez Ferri i5 A’. Tzanetakis [vi] CONTENTS 602 Genetic diversity in Helicobacter piillornm from human 718 .\ comparison of the bactericidal efficacy of 18 and poultry sources identified by an amplified fragment disinfectants used in the food industry against length polymorphism technique and pulsed-field gel Escherichia coli 0157:117 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at electrophoresis 7/?. Gibson, M.A. Ferrits, D. Woodward, 10 and IWCJ.H. Taylor, S.J. Rogers & jf.T Holah 7 Xerry /?. 7. Owen 726 C^haracterization of pentocin T\'35b, a bacteriocin-like 611 Influence of growth phases and desiccation on the peptide isolated from Lactobacillus pentosus with a degrees of unsaturation of fatty acids and the survival fungistatic effect on Candida albicans D. J. Okkers, rates of rhizobia M. Bomnahdi, P. Mary (di J.-P. Hornez L..M.T. Dicks, M. Silvester, J.jf. Jouberl H.J. Odendaal 620 Monoclonal antibodies against AsaPl, a major exotoxin 735 Specific variations of fatty acid composition of of the fish pathogen Aeromonas sahnonicida subsp. Pseudomonas aeruginosa .YPCX'- 15442 induced by achromogenes, and their application in FJdSA L. Wagner, (.Quaternary .\mmonium Compounds and relation with B.K. Giidniiindsddttir <5 K. Drossier resistance to bactericidal activity L. Guerin-Mechin, F. Dubois-Brissonnet, B. Heyd fXXjf.Y. Leveau 743 Differentiation of Lactobacillus isolates from infant faeces Volume 87, Number 5, November 1999 by SDS-PAGE and rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes I. Xanthopoulos, /. Ztaliou, 11. Gaier, X. Tzanetakis (XX E. Litopoulou-Tzanetaki 631 rhe protective effects of high amylose maize (amylomaize) starch granules on the survival of 750 .Antimicrobial activity of a 14 residue peptide against Bifidobacterium spp. in the mouse intestinal tract Escherichia coli P. Appendini (5 J.H. Hotchkiss A. Ifang, 1.1.. Drown, A.J. Evans P.L. Conway 757 Pathogenicity of Vibrio splendidtis strains associated with 640 Identification and characterization of the new Bacillus turbot larvae, Scophthalmus ma.ximus FJ. Gatesoupe, thuringiensis serovars pirenaica (serotype H57) and G. Lambert (XX J.L. Xicolas iberica (serotype H59) M. Porcur, J. Iriarte, 1. Cosinao 764 I'he survival and growth of an environmental Klebsiella Duntanoir, MAX Ferrandis, M.- M. Lecadet,J. Ferre £5' isolate in detergent solutions I.R. Beadle J. I 'erran P. Caballero 770 Evaluation of phenotypic and molecular typing 649 A gene involved in quinate metabolism is specific to one techniques for determining diversity in Frwinia DNA homology group of Xantlionionas cainpestris carotovora subspp. atroseptica LK. Toth, V. Bertheau, y.-A. Lee, Y.-C. Lo & P.-P. Yu L.J. Hyman, L. Laplaze, M..M. Lopez, J. McXicol, 659 Phenotypic characterization and antibiotic resistance of F. Xiepold, P. Persson, G.P.C. Salmond, .4. Sletten, Acinetidnicter isolated from aquatic sources J..M. van der llolf (iX .M.C..M. Perombelon /,. Guardabassi, A. Dalsgaard fA J A:. Olsen 782 .A kinetic study of the effect of hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid against Staphylococcus aureus and 66S Amine borate catabolism by bacteria isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the Bioscreen disinfection contaminated metal-working fluids RAL Sherburn method R.J.W. Lambert, M.D. Johnston tXX F.-.A. Simons Pf. Large 787 Erratum 676 Water quality and public health in northern Sudan: a study of rural and peri-urban communities //.. /. Musa, P. Shears, S. Kaji CX S.K. FAsabag 683 Prevalence of mycobacteria in a swimming pool Volume 87, Number 6, December 1999 environment F. Leoni, P Legnani, M.T. Mucci CX R. Pirani 789 .A REVIE\\: Taking the sterile out of sterility 689 (a)mplement-mediated bactericidal activity of human D.G. .Allison milk to a serum-susceptible strain of/;. Goli 0111 794 Effects of environmental conditions on microbial M.O. Ogundele proteolysis in a pork myofibril model system 697 Occurence of Helicobacter pylori in surface water in the P.M. KenneaUy, X.G. Fransen, //. Grau, E.E. O'Neill S' United StatesJ./^ Hegarty, M.T. Dowd fXX K.H. Baker F.K. .Aremit 702 Studies on the mechanisms of the antibacterial action of 804 Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water: «/7//«-phthalaldehyde .S’./;'. lf alsb, jf.-Y. .Maillard, techniques for generating precise recovery data G. Simons fXX . l.D. Russell D. T Reynolds, R.B. Slade, N.J. Sykes, A. Jonas S 711 .\n approach to obtain specific polyclonal antisera to C.R. Flicker Xantbomonas campestris pv. cyamopsidis and its potential 814 Detection of low numbers of pathogenic Yersinia application in indexing of infected seeds of guar enterocolitica in environmental water and sewage samples G. k. I tjayahand, M.D. Sbyluja, .M. Krislinappa fXX by nested polymerase chain reaction .A.S. If dage, H. S. Shetty T. I ardiind, 1. Lund fXX G. Kapperud CONTENTS [vii] 822 Distribution and seasonality of microbial indicators and 898 fw aluation of different PClR-based DVA fingerprinting thermophilic Campylobacters in two freshwater bathing techniques for assessing the genetic variability of isolates sites on the River Lune in northwest England of the fungus Fpicocciini nigriini F. Arenal, G. Platas, A. Obiri-Dunso A. Jones J. Marlin, (). Salazar cy F. Peldez 833 Survival of Eselieriehia loli 0157:117 in bottled natural 907 method for bacteriocin quantification .17./.. Cabo, mineral water Jl. Kerr, M. Fitzgerald, J.J. Sheridan, .17..4. Miirado, M.P Gonzalez 15 L. Pastoriza D.A. McDoirell I.S. Blair 915 Physical and metabolic causes of sub-lethal damage in 842 Influence of water activity and nutrients on growth and Listeria monocytogenes after long-term chilled storage at production of squalcstatin SI by a Phonia sp. D. Aldred, 4°C: G.A. Dykes A. Magan (5 B.S. Lane 923 Purification and characterization of a bacteriocin 849 Diversity among lactococci isolated from ewes’ raw milk produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus IBB 801 .17. Zanifir, and cheese P. Gaya, M. Babin, .17. Medina (5 M. Xnhez R. Callewaert, PC. Cornea, L. Savii, I. latafii (5 856 Identification, characterization and purification of the L. De I iiysl lantibiotic staphylococcin T, a natural gallidermin variant 932 Studies on strong and weak killer phenotypes of wine B. Fnrnianek, T Kaezorowski, R. Bngalski, yeasts: production, activity of toxin in must, and its A. Bielaipski, J. Bogdanoiriez A.jf. Podhajska effect in mixed culture fermentation R.A. Musmaiino, 867 Rapid and sensitive detection of Escherichia coli 0157:117 T Di Mai'yio (5 G. Coratza in bovine faeces by a multiplex FC'-R Y. Hti, Q. Zhan^ S' J.C. Meilzler 939 Cluster organization of the genes o( Sireptoniyces pristinaespiralis invohed in pristinamycin biosynthesis 877 Response to NaCd of nitrate assimilation and nitrogenase and resistance elucidated by pulsed-field gel activity of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCX. 7120 electrophoresis A. Bainas-Jlacijties, S. Lorenzon, and its mutants .4.A'. Rai & S.P Tiirari P. Lacroix, C. de Siretschin <5 J. Groiizet 884 Inactivation of Hepatitis virus in heat-treated mussels L. Croci, .17. Ciccozzi, D. De Medtci, S. Di Pasqiiale, 949 Rapid detection and quantification of yeast species A. Fiore, A. Mele £7 L. Toti during spontaneous wine fermentation by PC^R-RFI.P analysis of the rDN.A ITS region /.. Granchi, .17. Bosco, 889 Sensitivity of Candida albicans to negative air ion streams A. Messini £7 .17. I incenzini J.M. Sharyairi, E.D. Theaker, IX B. Drinker, T Mac Far lane (5 A.J. Diixbiiry 957 Index