Slides to the book Introduction to Arti(cid:28)cial Intelligence Wolfgang Ertel Springer-Verlag, 2011 www.hs-weingarten.de/~ertel/kibuch www.vieweg.de 10. April 2017 Teil I Introduction What is Arti(cid:28)cial Intelligence (AI) History of AI Agents Knowledge-Based Systems What is Arti(cid:28)cial Intelligence (AI) (cid:73) What is intelligence? (cid:73) How can intelligence be measured? (cid:73) How does our brain work? (cid:73) Intelligent machine? (cid:73) Science (cid:28)ction? (cid:73) Rebuild human mind? (cid:73) Philosophy, e.g. mind-body dualism? AI: De(cid:28)nition John McCarthy (1955): The aim of AI is to develop machines that behave as if they were intelligent. Two simple Braitenberg-vehicles and their reaction to a light source. AI: De(cid:28)nition Encyclopedia Britannica: AI is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. According to this de(cid:28)nition, every computer is an AI-system. AI: De(cid:28)nition Elaine Rich1: Arti(cid:28)cial Intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things at which, at the moment, people are better. (cid:73) Still up-to-date in the year 2050! (cid:73) Humans are still better in many (cid:28)elds (e.g. understanding pictures, learning)! (cid:73) Computers are already better in many (cid:28)elds (e.g. playing chess)! 1E. Rich. Arti(cid:28)cial Intelligence. McGraw-Hill, 1983. Brain Research and Problem Solving Di(cid:27)erent approaches: (cid:73) How does the human brain work? (cid:73) Problem oriented: building intelligent agents! (cid:73) General store! A small excerpt in the o(cid:27)er of AI-methods. The Turing Test and Chatterbots Alan Turing: The machine passes the test, if it can mislead Alice in 30% of the cases. Joseph Weizenbaum (computer critic): the program Eliza talks to his secretary Demo: Cleverbot Demo: Simonlaven Demo: Alicebot