Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May8,2009 9:23 INGMAR BERGMAN Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May19,2009 11:55 GeoffreyMacnabwritesonfilmfortheGuardian,theIndependentand Screen International. He is the author of The Making of Taxi Driver (2006), Key Moments in Cinema (2001), Searching for Stars: Stardom andScreenwritinginBritishCinema(2000),andJ.ArthurRankandthe BritishFilmIndustry(1993). Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May8,2009 9:23 INGMAR BERGMAN The Life and Films of the Last Great European Director Geoffrey Macnab Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May8,2009 9:23 SheilaWhitaker:AdvisoryEditor Publishedin2009byI.B.Tauris&CoLtd 6SalemRoad,LondonW24BU 175FifthAvenue,NewYorkNY10010 www.ibtauris.com DistributedintheUnitedStatesandCanadaExclusivelyby PalgraveMacmillan175FifthAvenue, NewYorkNY10010 Copyright©2009GeoffreyMacnab TherightofGeoffreyMacnabtobeidentifiedastheauthorofthisworkhasbeen assertedbyhiminaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Exceptforbriefquotationsinareview,thisbook,oranypart thereof,maynotbereproduced,storedinorintroducedintoaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying, recordingorotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher. ISBN:9781848850460 AfullCIPrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary AfullCIPrecordisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:available PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyCPIAntonyRowe,Chippenham Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May8,2009 9:23 ToFinlay,FrancisandCatriona Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May8,2009 9:23 Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May8,2009 9:23 Contents ListofIllustrations ix Acknowledgements xi Introduction 1 1 APortraitoftheYoungFilmmaker 21 2 EarlyWork 43 3 The‘MiddlePeriod’:1953–60 73 4 BergmanandHollywood 111 5 TaxandPolitics 121 6 Bergman’sActresses 135 7 ReligiousFaith–theTrilogy:ThroughaGlass Darkly,WinterLight,TheSilence 155 8 BergmanthePolymath 175 9 TheMagus 187 10 ProsperoinRetreat:BacktoFaro, BacktoChildhood 205 Notes 221 Index 233 Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May8,2009 9:23 Macnab-05480001 macn5480001_fm May8,2009 9:23 Illustrations 1. AfleetingmomentofhappinessinSummerInterlude, thefirstfilminwhichBergmanfelthehadmastered hismedium. Sommarlek©1951ABSvenskFilmindustriStillphotographer:LouisHuch 66 2. HarrietAnderssonstrikesaBardot-likeposeinSummer withMonika. SommarenmedMonika©1953ABSvenskFilmindustri Stillphotographer:LouisHuch 78 3. Astudyinhumiliation–Frost(AndersEk),theclown, andhiswifeAlma(GudrunBrost)inSawdustandTinsel. SAndrewFilmAB 82 4. TheclownthreatenssuicideinSawdustandTinsel. SAndrewFilmAB 83 5. Albert(AkeGronberg)andAnne(HarrietAndersson), thecircuscouple,attheirmostwretchedin SawdustandTinsel. SAndrewFilmAB 85 6. Susanne(EvaDahlbeck),thefashiondirectorclinging tothephoneinDreams,wasbasedonGunHagberg– thejournalistforwhomBergmanhadlefthissecondwife. SAndrewFilmAB 88 7. GunnarBjornstrandastheoldrouétryingtoseducethe naivemodel(HarrietAndersson)inDreams. SAndrewFilmAB 89 8. Deathonthemarch–IngmarBergman’sTheSeventhSeal. Detsjundeinseglet©1957ABSvenskFilmindustri Stillphotographer:LouisHuch 96 9. Bergman’smostforgivingfilm:VictorSjostromin WildStrawberries. Smultronstället©1957ABSvenskFilmindustri Stillphotographer:LouisHuch 100