for the international student Mathematics Specialists in mathematics publishing HAESE MATHEMATICS Mathematics HL (Core) for use with IB Diploma Programme third edition David Martin Robert Haese Sandra Haese Michael Haese Mark Humphries David Martin Robert Haese Sandra Haese Michael Haese Mark Humphries IB_HL-3ed magenta cyan yellow black 0 0 5 5 25 25 75 75 50 50 95 95 100 100 0 0 5 5 25 25 75 75 50 50 95 95 100 100 Y:\HAESE\IB_HL-3ed\IB_HL-3ed_00\001IB_HL-3ed_00.cdr Monday, 30 April 2012 1:37:18 PM BEN MATHEMATICS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL STUDENT Mathematics HL (Core) third edition David Martin B.A.,B.Sc.,M.A.,M.Ed.Admin. Robert Haese B.Sc. Sandra Haese B.Sc. Michael Haese B.Sc.(Hons.),Ph.D. Mark Humphries B.Sc.(Hons.) First Edition 2004 2005 three times , 2006, 2007 Second Edition 2008 2009 , 2010, 2011 Reprinted (with minor corrections) Reprinted (with minor corrections) Haese Mathematics 3 Frank Collopy Court, Adelaide Airport, SA 5950, AUSTRALIA Telephone: +61 8 8355 9444, Fax: +61 8 8355 9471 Email: National Library of Australia Card Number & ISBN 978-1-921972-11-9 © Haese Mathematics 2012 Published by Haese Mathematics. 3 Frank Collopy Court, Adelaide Airport, SA 5950, AUSTRALIA Typeset in Times Roman . The textbook and its accompanying CD have been developed independently of the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO). The textbook and CD are in no way connected with, or endorsed by, the IBO. . Except as permitted by the Copyright Act (any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review), no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Enquiries to be made to Haese Mathematics. : Where copies of part or the whole of the book are made under Part VB of the Copyright Act, the law requires that the educational institution or the body that administers it has given a remuneration notice to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL). For information, contact the Copyright Agency Limited. : While every attempt has been made to trace and acknowledge copyright, the authors and publishers apologise for any accidental infringement where copyright has proved untraceable. They would be pleased to come to a suitable agreement with the rightful owner. : All the internet addresses (URLs) given in this book were valid at the time of printing. While the authors and publisher regret any inconvenience that changes of address may cause readers, no responsibility for any such changes can be accepted by either the authors or the publisher. Third Edition 2012 10\Qw_ This book is copyright Copying for educational purposes Acknowledgements Disclaimer