72006_FM 15/07/10 6:59 PM Page vi This page intentionally left blank. 72006_FM 15/07/10 6:59 PM Page i Sixth Edition H ISTOLOGY A Text and Atlas with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology 72006_FM 15/07/10 6:59 PM Page ii Michael H. Ross (1930–2009) 72006_FM 15/07/10 6:59 PM Page iii Sixth Edition H ISTOLOGY A Text and Atlas with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology Michael H. Ross, PhD (deceased) Professor and Chairman Emeritus Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville, Florida Wojciech Pawlina, MD Professor and Chair Department of Anatomy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Assistant Dean for Curriculum Development and Innovation Mayo Medical School College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 72006_FM 15/07/10 6:59 PM Page iv Acquisitions Editor: Crystal Taylor Product Manager: Jennifer Verbiar Designer: Doug Smock Compositor: MPS Limited, A Macmillan Company Sixth Edition Copyright © 2011 <<2006, 2003, 1995, 1989, 1985>> Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business. Two Commerce Square 351 West Camden Street 2001 Market Street Baltimore, MD 21201 Philadelphia, PA 19103 All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, includ- ing as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individu- als as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please con- tact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, via email at [email protected], or via website at lww.com (products and services). Printed in China 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ross, Michael H. Histology: a text and atlas: with correlated cell and molecular biology/Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina.—6th ed. p. ; cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7817-7200-6 (alk. paper) 1. Histology. 2. Histology—Atlases. I. Pawlina, Wojciech. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Histology—Atlases. QS 517 R825h 2011] QM551.R67 2011 611’.018—dc22 2010024700 DISCLAIMER Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information present and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no war- ranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations. 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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are avail- able from 8:30 am to 6:00 pm, EST. 72006_FM 15/07/10 6:59 PM Page v This edition is dedicated to my wife Teresa Pawlinawhose love, patience, and endurance created safe havens for working on this project and to my children Conrad Pawlinaand Stephanie Pawlina whose stimulation and excitement have always kept my catecholamine levels high. 72006_FM 15/07/10 6:59 PM Page vi This page intentionally left blank. 72006_FM 15/07/10 7:00 PM Page vii Preface This sixth edition of Histology: A Text and Atlas with Correlated specific section are introduced in the text in an eye-catching Cell and Molecular Biology continues a tradition of providing oversized red bolded font that clearly stands out from the re- medical, dental, and allied health science students with a tex- maining black text. Text containing clinical information or the tual and visual introduction to histology with correlative cell latest research findings is presented in blue, with terminology biology. As in previous editions, this book is a combination pertaining to diseases, conditions, symptoms, or causative “text-atlas” in that standard textbook descriptions of histologic mechanisms in oversized bolded blue. The clinical sections of principles are supplemented by illustrations and photographs. the text are easily found within each chapter. In addition, separate atlas sections follow each chapter and pro- Emphasis on features. Many of the pedagogic features vide large-format, labeled atlas plates with detailed legends from the last edition have been refined, and some new fea- highlighting elements of microanatomy. Histology: A Text and tures have been added: Atlasis therefore “two books in one.” (cid:129) More summary tables are included to aid students in lear- Significant modifications have been made in this edition ning and reviewing material without having to rely on in order to create an even more useful and understandable ap- strict memorization of data. These include a review table of proach to the material: the specializations in the apical domains of epithelial cells Updated cellular and molecular biology. Material intro- and a table of features of adipose tissue. Many tables have duced in the fifth edition has been updated to include the lat- been updated and modified. est advancements in cellular and molecular biology. The sixth (cid:129) Previous clinical and functional correlations boxes have edition focuses on selected information to help students with been replaced with Clinical Correlation and Functional overall comprehension of the subject matter. To accommo- Consideration Folders. More new folders have been added date reviewers’ suggestions, the sixth edition also integrates to each chapter, and existing folders have been redesigned, new cell biology information into several chapters. For in- updated, enhanced, and illustrated with new diagrams and stance, the cell biology of endothelial cells has been added to images of clinical specimens. New folders contain clinical the discussion of the cardiovascular system; a section on pri- information related to the symptoms, photomicrographs mary cilia, including their structure and function, was added of diseased tissues or organs, short histopathological to the epithelial tissue chapter; a new clinical nomenclature d escriptions, and treatment of specific diseases. Important for cells involved in hemopoiesis and a detailed description of terms have been highlighted with oversized bolded text. the respiratory burst reaction in neutrophils were added to While the information in these folders might be the chapter on blood; new information and diagrams of nerve c onsidered ancillary material, it demonstrates the fiber regeneration were added to the nerve tissue chapter; and functional impact and clinical significance of histology. the cell biology of taste receptors was incorporated into the (cid:129) More Atlas Plates have been added to the atlas section at chapter on the digestive system. the end of each chapter. Several orientation micrographs Reader-friendly innovations.The book has been redesigned were added to the summary box in the atlas section. Atlas in an attempt to provide more ready access to important con- plates for the blood chapters have been completely re- cepts and essential information. Additional color font is used designed so as to show both mature forms of blood cells in the body of the text. Important concepts are listed as sen- and the stages through which they pass during tence headings. Features of cells, tissues, and organs and their hemopoiesis. Many plates have been replaced with vibrant functions, locations, and other relevant short phrases are for- digital images. matted as bulleted lists that are clearly identifiable in the body (cid:129) More new figures and illustrations have also been added, of the text by oversized color bullets. Essential terms within each and about one-third of all old figures have been redrawn for vii 72006_FM 15/07/10 7:00 PM Page viii greater clarity and conceptual focus. This sixth edition in- As in the last five editions, all of the changes were under- corporates many new clinical images and photomicrographs taken with student needs in mind; namely, to understand the to illustrate information in the clinical correlation folders. subject matter, to become familiar with the latest informa- Many new high-resolution digital photomicrographs have tion, and to be able to practically apply newfound knowledge. been integrated into each chapter. (cid:129) New design. A bright, energetic text design sets off the new Wojciech Pawlina illustrations and photos and makes navigation of the text even easier than in previous editions.