MACMILLAN MODERN DRAMATISTS Macmillan Modern Dramatists Series Editors: Bruce and Adele King Published titles Reed Anderson, Federico Garcia Lorca Susan Bassneu, Luigi Pirandello Eugene Benson, J. M. Synge Renate Benson, German Expressionist Drama Normand Berlin, Eugene O'Neill Michael Billington, Alan Ayckbourn Roger Boxill, Tennessee Williams John Bull, New British Political Dramatists Dennis Carroll, David Mamet Neil Carson, Arthur Miller Maurice Charney, Joe Orton Ruby Cohn, New American Dramatists, 1960-1980 Bernard F. Dukore, American Dramatists, 1918-1945 Bernard F. Dukore, Harold Pinter Arthur Ganz, George Bernard Shaw James Gibbs, Wole Soyinka Frances Gray, John Arden Frances Gray, Noel Co ward Charles Hayter, Gilbert and Sullivan Julian Hilton, George Büchner David Hirst, Edward Bond Helene Keyssar, Feminist Theatre Bettina L. Knapp, French Theatre 1918-1939 Charles Lyons, Samuel Beckett Gerry McCarthy, Edward Albee Jan McDonald, The New Drama 1900-1914 Margery Morgan, August Strindberg Leonard C. Pronko, Eugene Labiche and Georges Feydeau Jeanette L. Savona, Jean Genet Claude Schumacher, Alfred Jarry and Guillaume Apollinaire Laurence Senelick, Anton Chekhov Theodore Shank, American Alternative Theatre James Simmons, Sean 0 'Casey Ronald Speirs, Bertolt Brecht David Thomas, Henrik 1bsen Dennis Walder, Athol Fugard Thomas Whitaker, Tom Stoppard Nick Worrall, Nikolai Gogol and 1van Turgenev Katharine Worth, Oscar Wilde Further titles in preparation MACMILLAN MODERN DRAMATISTS HAUPTlVIAl\Tl\T, WEDEKll\TD Al\TD SCHlVlTZLEB Peter Skrine M MACMILLAN © Peter Skrine 1989 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1989 978-0-333-43529-8 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1956 (as amended), or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, .33-4 Alfred Place, London WCIE 7DP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. First published 1989 Published by MACMILLAN EDUCATION LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Skrine, Peter, 1935- Hauptmann, Wedekind and Schnitzler. (Macmillan modern dramatists). I. Drama in German. Hauptmann, Gerhart, 1862-1946. Schnitzier, Arthur, 1862-1931 & Wedekind, Frank, 1864-1918 I. Title 832'.8 ISBN 978-0-333-43530-4 ISBN 978-1-349-20003-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-20003-0 For Celia Contents List 0/ Plates IX Editors' Pre/ace X A Note on Translations xi General Introduction 1 A Note on Performances 12 1 Gerhart Hauptmann 15 Introduction 16 Be/ore Sunrise 21 The Reconciliation 30 Lonely Lives 34 The Weavers 40 The Silesian plays 45 The Berlin plays 52 The artist in the theatre 59 Be/ore Sunset: the end of an era 62 vii Contentr 2 Frank Wedekind 72 Introduction 73 Spring Awakening 76 The Lulu plays 82 The Marquis von Keith 96 The Tenor 101 HidaLLa 105 King Nicolo and Music 108 3 Arthur Schnilzler 111 Introduction 112 Anatol 115 Liebelei 124 The Round Dance 129 The one-act plays 134 The Lonely Way 141 The Vast Domain 143 Professor Bernhardi 148 The Plays in Translation 150 The PersonalWes 154 The Theatres 160 Select Bibliography 163 Index 168 viii List of Plates 1. Gerhart Hauptmann, c. 1895; Frank Wedekind, c. 1905; Arthur Schnitzler, c. 1910. 2. Gerhart Hauptmann, Rose Bernd, (Nationaltheater, Mannheim, 1984). Photograph: Hans-Jörg Michel. 3. Gerhart Hauptmann, Rose Bernd (Nationaltheater, Mannheim, 1984). Photograph: Hans-Jörg Michel. 4. Frank Wedekind, Lulu (Komödie, Basle, 1985). Photograph: Peter Schnetz. 5. Frank Wedekind, Der Marquis von Keith (Burgtheater, Vienna, 1982). Photograph: Elisabeth Hausmann. 6. Arthur Schnitzler, Liebelei, in Tom Stoppard's adaptation Dalliance (National Theatre, London, 1986). Photograph: Zoe Dominic. 7. Arthur Schnitzler, Reigen (The Round Dance) (Akademietheater, Vienna, 1983). Photograph: Victor Mory. 8. Arthur Schnitzler, Reigen (!he Round Dance) (Komödie, Basle, 1981). Photograph: Peter Schnetz. The author and pubJishers are grateful to the theatres and photographers named above for kind permission to reproduce plates. Many German, Austrian, Swiss and British theatres were kind enough to place programmes and other illustrative material at the author's disposal. Their readiness to help has been much appreciated. ix Editors' Preface The Macmillan Modern Dramatists is an international series of introductions to major and significant nineteenth-and twentieth century dramatists, movements and new forms of drama in Europe, Great Britain, America and new nations such as Nigeria and Trinidad. Besides new studies of great and influential dramatists of the past, the se ries inc1udes volumes on contemporary authors, recent trends in the theatre and on many dramatists, such as writers of farce, who have created theatre 'c1assics' while being neglected by literary criticism. The volumes in the series devoted to individual dramatists inc1ude a biography, a survey of the plays, and detailed analysis of the most significant plays, along with discussion, where relevant, of the political, social, historical and theatrical context. The authors of the volumes, who are involved with theatre as playwrights, directors, actors, teachers and critics, are concerned with the plays as theatre and discuss such matters as performance, character interpretation and staging, along with themes and contexts. BRUCE KING ADELE KING x