Discordant Melody Alexander Zemlinsky. Used by permission of Alexander Zemlinsky Fonds bei der Gesell- schaft der Musikfreunde in Wien. Discordant Melody Alexander Zemlinsky, His Songs, and the Second Viennese School LORRAINE GORRELL CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE STUDY OF MUSIC AND DANCE, NUMBER 64 GREENWOOD PRESS Westport, Connecticut • London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gorrell, Lorraine. Discordant melody : Alexander Zemlinsky, his songs, and the second Viennese school / Lorraine Gorrell. p. cm.—(Contributions to the study of music and dance, ISSN 0193-9041 ; no. 64) Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and indexes. ISBN 0-313-32366-6 (alk. paper) 1. Zemlinsky, Alexander, 1871-1942. Songs. I. Title. II. Series. ML410.Z43G67 2002 782.42168'092—dc21 2002023251 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2002 by Lorraine Gorrell All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2002023251 ISBN: 0-313-32366-6 ISSN: 0193-9041 First published in 2002 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.greenwood.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10 99 8 7 6 5 4 3 21 Copyright Acknowledgments The author and publisher are grateful for permission to reproduce material from the following: Frontispiece photograph of Alexander Zemlinsky. Used by permission of Alexander Zemlinsky Fonds bei der Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Wien. Musical example 13.1, Zemlinsky, "Ich gen' des Nadus" (I Go at Night), mm. 2-6. Used by permission of Boosey & Hawkes. Musical example 14.1, Zemlinsky, "Da waren zwei Kinder" (There Were Two Children), mm. 1-6. Used by permission of Edition Wilhelm Hansen AS, Copenhagen. Copyright © 1900 Edition Wilhelm Hansen AS, Copenhagen. Musical example 14.2, Zemlinsky, "Meeraugen" (Sea Eyes), mm. 1-3. Used by permission of Edition Wilhelm Hansen AS, Copenhagen. Copyright © 1900 Edition Wilhelm Hansen AS, Copenhagen. Musical example 14.3, Zemlinsky, "Klopfet, so wird euch aufgethan" (Knock, and It Shall Be Opened to You), mm. 10-12, from Ehetanzlied (Marriage Dance) und Andere Gesdnge op. 10. Reprinted by kind permission of the copyright owner. © 1913 by Ludwig Doblinger (B. Herzmansky) KG., Vienna-Munich. Musical example 15.1, Zemlinsky, "Die drei Schwestern" (The Three Sisters), mm. 1-4. Used by permission of Universal Edition A.G. © 1914 by Universal Edition A.G., Wien/UE 5540. Musical example 17.1, Zemlinsky, "Entfiihrung" (Abduction), mm. 12-15. Used by permis sion of Mobart Music Publications. Musical example 17.2, Zemlinsky, "Jetzt ist die Zeit" (Now Is the Time), mm. 8-11. Used by permission of Mobart Music Publications. Extracts from the Nachlass of Louise Zemlinsky. Used by permission of the Archive of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde, Vienna. Extracts from the Mahler-Werfel Papers, Rare Book & Manuscript Library, University of Pennsylvania. Used by permission of the University of Pennsylvania Libraries. Brand, Juliane, Christopher Hailey, and Donald Harris, eds. 1987. The Berg-Scboenberg Cor respondence: Selected Letters. New York: W.W. Norton. Copyright © 1987 by Juliane Brand, Christopher Hailey, and Donald Harris. Used by permission of W.W. Norton &c Company, Inc. Schoenberg, Arnold. 1952. "My Evolution." Musical Quarterly, 38, no. 4 (October): 517- 527. Used by permission of Oxford University Press. Schoenberg, Arnold. 1975. Style and Idea. Ed. Leonard Stein. Trans. Leo Black. Berkeley: University of California Press. Used by permission of Belmont Music Publishers, Pacific Pali sades, CA 90272. Weber, Horst, ed. 1995. Briefwecbsel der Wiener Schule. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buch- gesellschaft. Used by permission of Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. This page intentionally left blank To Bud This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments xi Introduction xiii 1. Fin de siecle Vienna 1 2. Getting Started 17 3. The Real World 27 4. Prague 37 5. Berlin 54 6. "The Gates of Hell Had Opened" 62 7. Flight 68 8. Zemlinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, and Schoenberg's Circle 75 9. Zemlinsky and the Eternal Feminine, Alma Schindler 98 10. Poetry and Song: Zemlinsky and the Second Viennese School 117 11. Introduction to the Songs 136 12. Apprenticeship: Early Unpublished Songs 144 13. A Notorious Brahmin: Op. 2, Op. 5, Op. 6 153 14. A New Path: Op. 7, Op. 8, Op. 10, Unpublished Songs 170