AANNSSII//TTIIAA//EEIIAA 556688--BB CCoommmmeerrcciiaall BBuuiillddiinngg TTeelleeccoommmmuunniiccaattiioonnss CCaabblliinngg SSttaannddaarrdd Disclaimer This information is collected and composed by QUANG DUNG TECHNOLOGY from Cablingdb.com. All information is copyrighted by Cablingdb.com. Standards Preservation This section is not part of the original standards documentation. The purpose of this document is to provide an easy to understand, condensed version of the original document. A basic level of telecommunications is assumed. For further information on terms and definitions see our Glossary of Terms section. Whether you are renovating your existing cable plant or installing a new one, Cablingdb.com urges you to investigate a standards based solution. This document is not meant to replace the original standards developed by the various standards bodies and we urge you to purchase the original documents through www.tiaonline.com. Head Office Suite 202, The Colonnade Building, 27 Nguyen Trung Truc St., District 1, Hochiminh City, Vietnam Tel: 84.8 823-1693 Fax: 84.8 823-1665 Hanoi Office A11, 3/Fl., Horizon Hotel, 40 Cat Linh St., Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: 84.4 736-7055 Fax: 84.4 733-2470 Website: www.qd-tek.com.vn Email: [email protected] A U T H O R I Z E D & E X C L U S I V E D I S T R I B U T O R ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard Table of Contents ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1 COMMERCIAL BUILDING TELECOMMUNICATIONS CABLING STANDARD General Requirements ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 100 OHM TWISTED PAIR CABLING STANDARDS Backbone Connecting Hardware Cords and Jumpers Horizontal Stranded ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 OPTICAL FIBER STANDARDS Optical Fiber Cabling Components Addendums ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1-1 Patch Cord Bend Radius ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1-2 Grounding & Bonding ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1-3 Supportable Distances for Optical Fiber ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1-4 Recognition of Category 6 & 850 Laser Optimized 50/125µm Multimode Optical Fiber Cabling ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1 Category 6 ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-2 Revisions to TIA/EIA-568-B.2 ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-3 Additional Considerations for Insertion Loss and Return Loss Pass/Fail Determination ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-4 Solderless Connection Reliability Requirements for Copper Connecting Hardware ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-5 Corrections to TIA/EIA-568-B.2-5 ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3-1 Additional Specifications for 50/125µm Fiber Optic Cables Transmission Parameter Charts Category 3 Cabling, Connecting Hardware, Permanent Link and Channel Category 5e Cabling and Connecting Hardware Category 5e Cords Category 5e Permanent Link and Channel Category 6 Cable Category 6 Connecting Hardware Category 6 Delay Skew Category 6 Patch Cord Category 6 Permanent Link Category 6 Channel Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 2 of 62 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1 Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard General Requirements HORIZONTAL CABLING The definition of horizontal cabling is that portion of the cabling system that extends from the work area outlet, through the cabling in the wall/ceiling/floor and then to the patch panel in the telecommunications room. The system also includes the patch cords at the work area outlet, and patch cords in the telecommunications room. When provisioning for the horizontal cabling system the designer should also consider voice, fire/safety, video, HVAC and EMS. A good design should be aimed at minimizing relocations and maintenance of the horizontal system as it is much more costly to do it later. Topology Horizontal cabling will be installed in a star topology, with each work area outlet being connected via the horizontal cable to the horizontal cross connect in the telecommunications room. Each floor should have its own telecommunications closet, sized as per ANSI/TIA/EIA 569. Any devices required such as baluns and impedance matching devices should not be installed in the horizontal system, but rather, kept external to the telecommunications outlet. This will facilitate network changes. Only one transition point or consolidation point between the horizontal cross connect and the telecommunications outlet shall be allowed, and bridged taps and splices are not allowed in the copper horizontal. Cable Length The maximum distance between the telecommunications outlet and the horizontal cross connect shall be no more than 90 meters. The maximum length of all patch cords and jumpers in the telecommunications closet shall be no more than 5 meters, and the total length of all patch cords both in the telecommunications closet and at the work area shall be no more than 5 meters. Recognized Cables a. 4-pair 100 ohm unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or screened twisted pair (ScTP). b. two or more multimode optical cables, either 62.5/125 or 50/125 150 ohm shielded twisted pair (STP-A) is a recognized cable type but is not recommended for new cabling installations. All jumpers, patch cords, equipment cords shall meet all applicable standards as specified in ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 and B.3. When hybrid and bundled cables are used, each cable type will meet the requirements for that cable type, and the bundled or hybrid cable will meet the specifications for bundled cables. Both of the above requirements are located in ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 and B.3. Telecommunications Outlets Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 3 of 62 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard Each individual work area shall be serviced with a minimum of two telecommunications outlets. One will be associated with voice and the other data. One outlet will be a 4 pair 100 ohm UTP cable rated category 3 or higher. Category 5e is recommended. The other outlet will be either a 4 pair 100 ohm UTP category 5e, or 2 multimode fibers, either 50/125 or 62.5/125 micron fibers. All connectors must meet all ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 and B.3 requirements. Grounding The system must be bonded and grounded as per ANSI/TIA/EIA 606. Backbone Cabling General Backbone cabling provides interconnections between telecommunications rooms, equipment rooms, and entrance facilities. It consists of the cabling, copper and/or fiber, the terminations, patch cords, jumper cords, intermediate and main cross connects. Backbone cabling is expected to serve the needs of the user for 3-10 years based on current and future needs. Topology The backbone cabling will be laid out in a hierarchical star so that each horizontal cross connect is connected to the main cross connect or to an intermediate cross connect and then to a main cross connect. There can be no more than two hierarchical levels of cross connects in the backbone. No more than one cross connect shall be passed through between the horizontal cross connect and the main cross connect. This means that between any two horizontal cross connects, the signal must pass through 3 or fewer cross connect facilities. Recognized Cables The following cables are recognized in the backbone and may be used on their own, or in combination. a. 100 ohm twisted pair cable b. either 50/125 micron or 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber. c. Singlemode fiber. All patch cords, jumpers, connecting hardware must meet ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 and B.3. Backbone Cabling Distances The distances in the table below are inclusive of cable, patch cords, jumpers and equipment cable. Maximum Backbone Distance Intermediate to Main to Horizontal Main to Intermediate Media Type Horizontal Cross Cross Connect Cross Connect Connect Copper 800 m (2,624 ft) 500 m (1640 ft) 300 m (984 ft) (Voice) Multimode 2000 m (6560 ft) 1700 m (5575 ft) 300 m (984 ft) Fiber Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 4 of 62 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard Singlemode 3000 m (9840 ft) 2700 m (8855 ft) 300 m (984 ft) Fiber Jumper and Patch Panel Lengths Main cross connect jumper and patch cords should not exceed 20 meters. Intermediate cross connect jumper and patch cords should not exceed 20 meters. Equipment jumpers should not exceed 30 meters. Grounding and Bonding Grounding and bonding practices as per ANSI/TIA/EIA 607 should be followed. Work Area General The work area components are those that extend from the work area outlet to the telecommunications device(s). 100-Ohm Balanced Twisted-Pair Telecommunications Outlet/Connector Each 4 pair cable shall be terminated on an 8 position modular jack, and all UTP and ScTP telecommunications outlets shall meet the requirements of IEC 60603-7, as well as ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 and the terminal marking and mounting requirements of ANSI/TIA/EIA-570-A. There are two recognized pin out assignments, T568A and T568B. Optical Fiber Telecommunications Outlet Horizontal fiber shall be terminated in a duplex outlet meeting ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.3. The 568SC was specified in ANSI/TIA/EIA 568A-A and is still recommended. As well other connectors such as some small form factor connectors may be used. Work Area Cords The maximum length of a work area patch cord is 5 meters. Generally, the patch cord will have similar connectors on each end. If additional devices are required, such as adapters, they will not be part of the horizontal cabling system, but rather be connected via the patch cord. Open Office Cabling The open office cabling recognizes that some offices are faced with regular reconfigurations and require a more flexible cabling system to facilitate these changes. Multi-user Telecommunications Outlet-MUTOA The MUTOA is used where there are frequent changes in office layout. The MUTOA allows the horizontal cable to remain undisturbed while allowing office Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 5 of 62 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard rearrangements. The work area cables originating from the MUTOA are connected directly to the station equipment without the use of any additional connections. The MUTOA: 1. Should be located in an area so that each furniture cluster is served by at least 1 MUTOA. 2. Should serve a maximum of 12 work areas. 3. Will have a maximum work area cable length. 4. Shall be attached to a permanent part of the building 5. Shall not be located in the ceiling or furniture, unless that part of the furniture is permanently affixed to the building. Administration The MUTOA is are administered as in ANSI/TIA/EIA-606. The work area cables connecting a MUTOA to a device are to be assigned a unique identifier and the cable shall be labelled at both ends. The outlet end shall identify the work area it serves and the work area end shall identify which MUTOA it is connected to, and what port on the MUTOA. When a MUTOA is used the horizontal cable maximum length will be affected, based on the length of the work area cord. The maximum length of the work area cord is 22 meters. For purposes of calculating the horizontal cable and the work area cord, the formula is: C = (102 - H)/(1 = D) Where: C = maximum combined length of the work area cable, equipment cable and patch cord H = the length of the horizontal cable (H + C < 100) D = the derating factor for the patch cord type. (.2 for 24AWG UTP and ScTP, and .5 for 26 AWG ScTP) There is a second formula for calculations which is not shown here. Maximum Work Area Cable Length Length of Horizontal Maximum Length of Maximum Combined Length Cable Work Area Cable of All Patch and Equipment Cords Meters (Ft) Meters (Ft) Meters (Ft) 90 (295) 5 (16) 10 (33) 85 (279) 9 (30) 14 (46) 80 (262) 13 (44) 18 (59) 75 (246) 17 (57) 22 (72) 70 (230) 22 (72) 27 (89) For fiber optic cables, a reduction of the total 100 meters is not required. Consolidation Point Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 6 of 62 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard A consolidation point is an interconnection point within the horizontal cabling using compliant connecting hardware. It requires an additional connection point (telecommunications outlet). Cross connects cannot be used at a CP and no more than 1 CP is permitted in a horizontal run, nor can a CP and transition point be used in the same horizontal run. The CP should be located a minimum of 15 meters from the telecommunications room to reduce the effects of NEXT and return loss. The CP should be located in a fully accessible and permanent location. Administration of the CP should follow ANSI/TIA/EIA 606. Telecommunications Rooms General Consult ANSI/TIA/EIA 569 for design and provisioning requirements for telecommunication rooms. The telecommunications room may contain horizontal cable, backbone cable and their connecting hardware, intermediate cross connect or main cross connect for portions of the backbone system. The TR also provides environmental control for the telecommunications equipment and splice closures as they relate to the building. Cross Connection and Interconnection All connections between horizontal cabling and backbone cables shall be cross connects. All connecting hardware and cables shall meet the requirements of ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 and B.3. An interconnection will connect the connecting hardware of the horizontal cable (patch panel) to the telecommunications equipment (eg: hub). A cross connect will have the connecting hardware of the horizontal system (eg: patch panel) connected to connecting hardware (patch panel), which is in turn connected to the common equipment. Equipment Rooms Equipment rooms differ from telecommunications rooms in that the ERs generally contain more complex equipment, but an ER may also be a telecommunications room. Equipment rooms must conform to ANSI/TIA/EIA 569 requirements. An equipment room may also contain main cross connects, the intermediate cross connect used in the backbone hierarchy. The ER may also act as a telecommunications room and house the horizontal terminations, telephone provider terminations, premise network terminations and other miscellaneous terminations. Entrance Facilities (EF) General The entrance facilities serve as the entrance point for the outside plant cable from a variety of sources such as the telephone company, private network cables and other access providers. It also houses network protection devices, and may act as the demarcation point for the regulated access provider. The EF must conform to ANSI/TIA/EIA-569 requirements. Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 7 of 62 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard Functions Network Demarcation The EF may be the demarcation (termination point) for the regulated access provider(s) and private network providers(s). Local regulations will determine where the demarcation point will be. Electrical Protection Interbuilding cables and antennas may require devices to protect from power surges. The designer/installer should consult the local access provider to determine local practices and requirements. Grounding and bonding should be completed as per ANSI/TIA/EIA 607. Connections The EF contains the connections and transition points between the cables designated for outdoor use and cables designated for indoor use. Cabling Installation Requirements Cable Placement Cable should be placed in such a manner as to minimize stress caused by suspending the cable and cinching the cable too tight. If cable ties are used, they should be cinched loosely to prevent deforming the cable sheath. Balanced 100-Ohm Twisted Pair Cabling (UTP and ScTP) Minimum Bend Radius Cable Type Bend Radius 4 Pair UTP 4 X cable diameter 4 Pair ScTP 8 X cable diameter Backbone 10 X cable diameter Patch Cords Under Review Maximum Pulling Tension For 4 pair UTP it is 110 N (25 lbf). For multipair, consult the manufacturers specifications. Connecting Hardware Termination Cables should be terminated with connectors of the same category. Connecting cable and components of the same category is not enough to ensure performance. Other factors such a proximity to power cords, termination practices and cable management are jus some of the factors that may affect performance. In a system with multiple category components, the system shall be rated as that of the lowest performing component. Only strip back as much jacket as required to properly terminate the cable on the connector. With Category 5e and higher systems the individual pairs should not be Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 8 of 62 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard untwisted more that ½". Category 3 systems the pair twists shall be maintained to within 3" of the terminations. Patch Cords Patch cords should be of the same category as the link, and should not be field terminated. Jumper cords should not be made by removing a jacket from a previously jacketed cable. 100-Ohm ScTP Grounding The drain wire on ScTP cable shall be bonded as per ANSI/TIA/EIA 607. Optical Fiber Cable Minimum Bend Radius and Maximum Pulling Tension No Load Condition* Maximum Load* Intrabuilding 2 or 4 Fiber 25mm 50mm Intrabuilding Backbone 10 X OD 15 X OD Interbuilding Backbone 10 X OD 20 X OD Note: The maximums are noted here in the abscence of any manufacturers specifications. Connecting Hardware and Polarity Optical fiber shall be installed with odd numbered fibers having Position A at one end and Position B at the other. Even numbered fibers will have position A and B reversed from the odd numbered fibers. When using the 568SC connector or other duplex connectors, the above polarity must be maintained. Patch Cords Patch cords shall consist of 2 fiber cables of the same fiber type as the system with connectors at both ends, and shall be positioned A and B as in the connecting hardware section above, with patch cord A connected to position B on the connecting hardware, and vice versa for the B position on the patch cord. Cabling Transmission Performance and Test Requirements 100 Ohm Twisted Pair General System performance is directly related to not only the performance of the individual components, but also the cable installation practices and the number of connectors in the system. TSB 67 is now found in annex D of the original documentation. Channel and Permanent Link Definitions The Channel is defined as the 90 meters of horizontal cable, the telecommunications connector and patch cord in the work area as well as 2 connectors and a maximum of 2 patch/equipment cords in the telecommunications room. The maximum allowable length of patch cords and equipment cords is 10 meters. Also included in the channel is an optional transition or consolidation point. Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 9 of 62 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard The Permanent Link is defined as a maximum of 90 meters of horizontal cable, an optional transition or consolidation point and one connection on each end. The Permanent Link does not include the instrument cords or connectors on the field test equipment. Test Parameters The primary tests are: Wire Map Length Insertion Loss Near End Cross Talk (NEXT) Power Sum Near End Cross Talk (PSNEXT) Equal Level Far End Cross Talk (ELFEXT) Power Sum Equal Level Far End Crosstalk (PSELFEXT) Return Loss Propagation Delay Delay Skew Wire Map Checks for proper pin to pin termination, and for each of the 8 conductors the wire map checks for: Continuity to the far end Shorts between any two or more conductors Reversed Pairs Split Pairs Transposed Pairs Any other miswiring Length The physical length of the cable is the actual length derived by measurement of the cable(s) between the two end points. The electrical length is the length derived from the propagation delay of the signal and depends on the construction of the cable. The maximum physical length of the horizontal cable (permanent link) one end of the cable to the other is 90 meters. The maximum length of the channel model is 100 meters. Insertion Loss Insertion loss is the loss derived from inserting a device into a transmission line. The insertion loss for both the permanent link and the channel models are the total insertion losses of all the components. Pair to Pair NEXT Loss Pair to pair NEXT loss is the measurement of signal coupling from one pair to another. The result is based on the worst pair to pair measurement. Power Sum NEXT (PSNEXT) Loss Power sum NEXT takes into account the statistical crosstalk between all pairs while energized. This is a calculated amount derived by adding up the crosstalk results between all pair combinations. Pair to Pair FEXT and ELFEXT Loss FEXT is the unwanted coupling of a signal induced by a transmitter at the near end, measured on the disturbed pair at the far end. ELFEXT is the same measurement of FEXT, less the effect of attenuation. Quang Dung Technology Distribution Company Page 10 of 62