Back Pain: A Movement Problem A clinical approach incorporating relevant research and practice Publisher: Sarena Wolfaard Development Editor: Clive Hewat Project Manager: Sruthi Viswam Designer/Design Direction: Stewart Larking Illustration Manager: Gillian Richards Illustrator: Antbits Hd. Richard Tibbitts/Paul Richardson Back Pain: A Movement Problem A clinical approach incorporating relevant research and practice Josephine Key Dip Phys, PGD Manip. Ther. APA Musculoskeletal Physiotherapist, Edgecliff Physiotherapy Sports and Spinal Centre, Edgecliff, New South Wales, Australia F o r e w o r d b y Leon Chaitow ND DO Registered Osteopathic Practitioner and Honorary Fellow, University of Westminster, London, UK Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney Toronto 2010 Dedication In memory of my mother and for Ian both who have always been there for me Publisher: Sarena Wolfaard Development Editor: Clive Hewat Project Manager: Sruthi Viswam Designer/Design Direction: Stewart Larking Illustration Manager: Gillian Richards Illustrator: Antbits Hd. Richard Tibbitts/Paul Richardson First published 2010, # Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Rights Department: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804 (US) or (+44) 1865 843830 (UK); fax: (+44) 1865 853333; e-mail: