ARIUS DIDYMUS Rutgers University Studies in Classical Humanities, vol. 20 Series Editor: William W. Fortenbaugh Advisory Board: Tiziano Dorandi David C. Mirhady Stefan Schorn Eckart Schütrumpf Stephen A. White On Stoic and Peripatetic Ethics: The Work of Arius Didymus I Theophrastus of Eresus: On His Life and Work II Theophrastean Studies: On Natural Science, Physics and Metaphysics, Ethics, Religion and Rhetoric III Cicero’s Knowledge of the Peripatos IV Theophrastus: His Psychological, Doxographical, and Scientific Writings V Peripatetic Rhetoric after Aristotle VI The Passionate Intellect: Essays on the Transformation of Classical Traditions presented to Professor I.G. Kidd VII Theophrastus: Reappraising the Sources VIII Demetrius of Phalerum: Text, Translation and Discussion IX Dicaearchus of Messana: Text, Translation and Discussion X Eudemus of Rhodes XI Lyco of Troas and Hieronymus of Rhodes XII Aristo of Ceos, Text, Translation and Discussion XIII Heraclides of Pontus, Text and Translation XIV Heraclides of Pontus, Discussion of the Textual Evidence XV Strato of Lampsacus: Text, Translation, and Discussion XVI Aristoxenus of Tarentum: Texts and Discussion XVII Praxiphanes of Mytilene and Chamaeleon of Heraclea: Text, Translation and Discussion XVIII Phaenias or Eresus: Text, Translation and Discussion XIX Arius Didymus on Peripatetic Ethics, Household Management, and Politics Text, Translation, and Discussion William W. Fortenbaugh Editor Firstpublished2018 byRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 andbyRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninforma business ©2018selectionandeditorialmatter,WilliamW.Fortenbaugh; individualchapters,thecontributors TherightofWilliamW.Fortenbaughtobeidentifiedastheauthorofthe editorialmaterial,andoftheauthorsfortheirindividualchapters,has beenassertedinaccordancewithsections77and78oftheCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproduced orutilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans, nowknownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording, orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissionin writingfromthepublishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksor registeredtrademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationand explanationwithoutintenttoinfringe. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Acatalogrecordforthisbookhasbeenrequested ISBN:978-1-4128-6553-1(hbk) ISBN:978-0-203-70385-4(ebk) TypesetinMinionPro Contents Preface vii Contributors xi 1 Didymus’ Epitome of Peripatetic Ethics, Household Management, and Politics: An Edition with Translation 1 Georgia Tsouni 2 The Quest for an Author 69 David E. Hahm 3 Moral Virtue in Didymus’ Epitome of Peripatetic Ethics 75 William W. Fortenbaugh 4 Intrinsic Worth of Others in the Peripatetic Epitome, Doxography C 123 Stephen A. White 5 Two Conceptions of “Primary Acts of Virtue” in Doxography C 161 Jan Szaif v vi Contents 6 Bodily and External Goods in Relation to Happiness 205 Myrto Hatzimichali 7 Didymus on Types of Life 227 William W. Fortenbaugh 8 Didymus’ Epitome of the Economic and Political Topic 255 Eckart Schütrumpf 9 Von Arnim, Didymus and Augustus: Three Related Notes on Doxography C 293 Peter L. P. Simpson 10 Seneca’s Peripatetics: Epistulae Morales 92 and the Stobaean Doxography C 309 Margaret R. Graver Subject Index to Chapters 2–10 343 Preface The present volume is the twentieth in the series Rutgers University Stud- ies in Classical Humanities, frequently referred to as RUSCH. With this volume the series returns to its roots. In March of 1981, a conference was held at Rutgers University on an epitome of Stoic and Peripatetic ethics that is preserved for us by Stobaeus and commonly attributed to Arius Didymus, the court philosopher of Caesar Augustus. The proceedings of the conference became volume I in the RUSCH series. It was published in 1983 and carried the title On Stoic and Peripatetic Ethics: The Work of Arius Didymus. Now thirty-three years later, RUSCH has returned to the work of Didymus. Volume XX contains the proceedings of a second conference on Didymus held at Rutgers in 2014. This time the conference narrowed its focus to the Peripatetic portion of Didymus’ epitome. That is announced in the title of the present volume: Arius Didymus on Peripatetic Ethics, House- hold Management, and Politics. Nevertheless, issues concerning the Stoa are not entirely ignored. Indeed, how could they be, since Zeno founded the Stoa c. 301–300, when Theophrastus had succeeded Aristotle as head of the Peripatos. Interaction, even rivalry, between the two schools was inevitable and is reflected in what Didymus records concerning Peripatetic doctrine. vii viii Preface A special feature of this volume is the inclusion of a text-translation of the Peripatetic epitome. Since 1999 persons interested in the Stoic por- tion of Didymus’ work have been able to consult the edition-translation by Arthur Pomeroy. Persons interested in the Peripatetic portion have not been so fortunate. To be sure there are new translations by Robert Sharples, 2010, and Peter Simpson, 2014, but for the Greek text one must still work with the 1884 edition of Curt Wachsmuth. The present volume offers both a new text and a new translation, which are printed on facing pages in order to facilitate comparison. The prime mover in creating this text-trans- lation is Georgia Tsouni. Her initial drafts were more than a beginning and revisions went smoothly. I personally enjoyed working with Georgia and have appreciated the way in which she responded to suggested improve- ments: some on the mark and some off the mark. In addition, both of us are grateful for valuable corrections and suggestions that came from other contributors to this volume. Also to Tiziano Dorandi, who has not con- tributed an essay but has nonetheless contributed by reading through and commenting on Georgia’s text. I like to think that we are all team players. As editor of the present volume, I have made a number of decisions that are best mentioned here. The first concerns the name Arius Didymus, which appears in the title to this volume. That reflects the majority opinion among scholars today: the epitome preserved by Stobaeus was composed by a Stoic named Arius Didymus, the court philosopher of Caesar Augus- tus. The trouble is that the opinion is not clearly supported by the text of Stobaeus. In particular, a portion of text preserved apart from the epit- ome proper refers to Didymus and not to Arius Didymus. That opens the door to doubt, which has found expression in recent scholarly literature. Accordingly, Georgia Tsouni has exhibited caution, I would say prudence, in referring to Didymus simpliciter in the title to her text-translation. I have, however, preferred a compromise. On the one hand, I have included Arius in the title to the present volume, for without Arius not a few schol- ars may fail to make the connection with the epitomist, whom they know as Arius Didymus. On the other hand, I have respected Georgia’s judgment in printing the titles to the several articles: all refer to Didymus without the addition of a forename. That takes account of the Stobean evidence, while leaving open whether the epitomist was in fact a Stoic philosopher closely associated with the Emperor Augustus. In regard to style, I am no stickler. Concerning references to the schol- arly literature and cross references within the volume, I have encouraged but not insisted on consistency. Occasionally, I have asked authors to shorten sentences and to introduce commas and semicolons, but I have let Preface ix the authors decide. In regard to citations in Greek, I have allowed both the use of Greek font and the use of transliteration. Several considerations may be mentioned. On the one hand, the transliteration of individual words and phrases has gained wide acceptance; it makes easier the preparation of a finished manuscript; the reader who has little Greek but is familiar with individual words is not put off by transliterated words and phrases. Indeed, he is apt to welcome them as informative in a given context. On the other hand, long stretches of transliterated Greek may have a negative effect not only on the Greekless reader but also on persons who have a decent com- mand of ancient Greek. Better to print the Greek in full and add a transla- tion. The addition may seem unnecessary to the person who prides himself on his command of ancient Greek, but as editor I am aiming at a wide audi- ence: not only philologists but also educated persons who have a healthy interest in Greek ethics, household management and politics. Special thanks goes to the Loeb Classical Library Foundation, which provided funding for the publication of this volume. Also to Brad Inwood who attended both the 1981 and the 2014 conferences and supported our application for funding to the Loeb Foundation. So too heart felt thanks go to my long time friend, Diane Smith, who prepared this volume for pub- lication, creating the facing pages and arranging the apparatus criticus as well as that of parallels texts. WWF