Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 4140 EditedbyJ.G.CarbonellandJ.Siekmann Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science Jaime Simão Sichman Helder Coelho Solange Oliveira Rezende (Eds.) Advances in Artificial Intelligence – IBERAMIA-SBIA 2006 2nd International Joint Conference: 10th Ibero-American Conference on AI 18th Brazilian AI Symposium Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, October 23-27, 2006 Proceedings 1 3 SeriesEditors JaimeG.Carbonell,CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JörgSiekmann,UniversityofSaarland,Saarbrücken,Germany VolumeEditors JaimeSimãoSichman UniversityofSãoPaulo,ComputerEngineeringDepartment Av.Prof.LucianoGualberto,tv.3,158,05508-970SãoPaulo,SP,Brazil E-mail:[email protected] HelderCoelho UniversityofLisbon,DepartmentofInformatics EdifícioC6,CampoGrande,1749-016Lisboa,Portugal E-mail:[email protected] SolangeOliveiraRezende UniversityofSãoPaulo,DepartmentofComputerScience Av.TrabalhadorSão-Carlense,400,13560-970SãoCarlos,SP,Brazil E-mail:[email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2006933826 CRSubjectClassification(1998):I.2.6-7,I.2,F.1.1,F.4.2-3,F.2 LNCSSublibrary:SL7–ArtificialIntelligence ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN-10 3-540-45462-4SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork ISBN-13 978-3-540-45462-5SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springer.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2006 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:11874850 06/3142 543210 Preface TheBrazilianArtificialIntelligence(AI)communitydecidedin2004toorganizean InternationalJointConference,joiningIBERAMIA2006(the10thIbero-American ArtificialIntelligenceConference),SBIA2006(the18thBrazilianArtificialIntel- ligenceSymposium),andSBRN2006(the9thBrazilianNeuralNetworksSympo- sium).Thisdecisionwasaconsequenceofthesuccessfuleventorganizedin2000, whentheFirstInternationalJointConferenceIBERAMIA/SBIA2000(7thIbero- American Artificial Intelligence Conference and 15th Brazilian Artificial Intelli- genceSymposium)occurredinBrazil.Moreover,in2006theartificialintelligence communitycelebratedthegoldenanniversaryofthe1956DartmouthConference thatmarkedthebeginningofartificialintelligenceasaresearchfield. SBIA2006wasthe18thconferenceoftheSBIAconferenceseries,whichisthe leadingBrazilianconferenceforthepresentationofAIresearchandapplications. Since 1995, SBIA has become an international conference, with papers written in English, an international Program Committee, and proceedings published in Springer’s Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (LNAI) series. IBERAMIA 2006 was the 10th conference of the IBERAMIA conference se- ries, which has been one of the most suitable forums for Ibero-American AI researchers (from South and Central American countries, Mexico, Spain and Portugal) to present their results. Following the SBIA and EPIA (Portuguese ConferenceonAI)experiences,fromIBERAMIA1998on,ithasalsobecomean international conference with proceedings published in Springer’s LNAI series. TheInternationalJointConferencewasheldinRibeira˜oPreto,Brazil,during October 23-27,2006.The callfor papers was very successful.In the registration phase, when the authors were asked to submit just the title and abstract of their papers, 281 submissions were received. In the second phase, 246 authors uploaded their full paper to be reviewed. These submissions came from 23 dif- ferentcountries1,asshowninTable1.Aftertherevisionprocess,62paperswere accepted to be published in these proceedings. Inordertoimprovetheoverallqualityofthisjointconference,adouble-blind reviewingprocedurewasadopted,andtheacceptanceratewasfixedaround25% of the submitted papers. A large group of reviewers from all content areas was set up to carry out the difficult and challenging work of selecting the papers. Everypaperwasevaluatedbyatleastthree reviewers,andrankedby theJEMS system. Whenever conflicts were found, open discussions among the reviewers were triggered and analyzed later to support our final decision. The conference included keynote speeches, introductory and advanced tuto- rialsbyworld-leadingresearchers,severalworkshopscoveringspecifictopicsand a thesis and dissertation contest. 1 In the case of several authors from different countries, we have considered the first author affiliation. VI Preface Table 1. IBERAMIA/SBIA2006 Paper Submission Summary Country RegisteredSubmittedAccepted Argentina 15 14 3 Australia 1 1 1 Brazil 149 128 33 Chile 8 8 2 China 3 3 – Colombia 1 – – Cuba 3 3 3 Ecuador 2 2 – France 9 9 2 Germany 2 2 – Italy 1 1 1 Korea 5 5 – Malaysia 1 1 – Mexico 44 37 8 Poland 2 2 – Portugal 8 5 1 Spain 18 17 6 Taiwan 1 1 – Turkey 2 2 – UK 1 1 – Uruguay 1 1 1 USA 1 – – Venezuela 3 3 1 Total 281 246 62 We would like to thank all the authors for submitting their papers, as well as all members of the ProgramCommittee and the additional referees for their hardwork.The highquality of the papers included in this volume wouldnotbe possible without their participation and diligence. We also gratefully acknowl- edge the help of our colleagues whose support in the organization of this con- ference was invaluable. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to Alfred HofmannandhisstaffatSpringerforgivingusagaintheopportunitytopublish the proceedings in the LNAI series. October 2006 Jaime Sima˜o Sichman Helder Coelho Solange Oliveira Rezende Organization The International Joint Conference IBERAMIA/SBIA/SBRN 2006 was orga- nized by several AI research groups that belong to the University of Sa˜o Paulo (USP), Brazil: 1. Instituto de Ciˆencias Matem´aticas e de Computa¸c˜ao (ICMC) Departamento de Ciˆencias de Computac¸˜ao (SCE) Laborat´orio de Inteligˆencia Computacional (LABIC) Campus Sa˜o Carlos 2. Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciˆencias e Letras de Ribeira˜o Preto (FFCLRP) Departamento de F´ısica e Matem´atica (DFM) Campus Ribeira˜o Preto 3. Laborato´rio de T´ecnicas Inteligentes (LTI) Departamento de Engenharia de Computac¸˜ao e Sistemas Digitais (PCS) Escola Polit´ecnica (EP) Campus Sa˜o Paulo 4. Instituto de Matema´tica e Estat´ıstica (IME) Departamento de Ciˆencia da Computac¸˜ao (MAC) Laborat´orio de L´ogica, Inteligˆencia Artificial e M´etodos Formais (LIAMF) Campus Sa˜o Paulo 5. Escola de Artes, Ciˆencias e Humanidades (EACH) Curso de Sistemas de Informac¸˜ao (SI) Campus Sa˜o Paulo Organizing Committee General Chair Solange Oliveira Rezende (LABIC/SCE/ICMC) General Co-chair Antonio Carlos Roque da Silva Filho (DFM/FFCLRP) Program Chairs Jaime Sima˜o Sichman (LTI/PCS/EP, Brazil) Helder Coelho (LABMAG/DI/FC/UL, Portugal) VIII Organization Workshop Chair Maria das Grac¸as Volpe Nunes (LABIC/SCE/ICMC) Tutorial Chair Maria Carolina Monard (LABIC/SCE/ICMC) Local Organization Committee Alneu de Andrade Lopes (LABIC/SCE/ICMC) Flavio Soares Correa da Silva (LIAMF/MAC/IME) Ivandr´e Paraboni(SI/EACH) Jos´e de Jesus Perez Alcazar (SI/EACH) Leliane Nunes de Barros (LIAMF/MAC/IME) Marcelo Finger (LIAMF/MAC/IME) Renato Tinos (DFM/FFCLRP) Roseli Aparecida Francelim Romero (LABIC/SCE/ICMC) Sandra Maria Aluisio (LABIC/SCE/ICMC) Thiago Alexandre Salgueiro Pardo (LABIC/SCE/ICMC) Zhao Linag (LABIC/SCE/ICMC) IBERAMIA Steering Committee Alvaro Albornoz (ITESM, Mexico) Arlindo Oliveira (INESC, Portugal) Carlos Alberto Reyes (INAOE, Mexico) Christian Lemaitre (UAM, Mexico) Federico Barber (UPV, Spain) Francisco Garijo (TI+D, Spain) Helder Coelho (UL, Portugal) Jaime Sima˜o Sichman (USP, Brazil) Miguel Toro (US, Spain) SBIA Steering Committee Ana Bazzan (UFRGS, Brazil) Geber Ramalho (UFPE, Brazil) Gerson Zaverucha (UFRJ, Brazil) Guilherme Bittencourt (UFSC, Brazil) Maria Carolina Monard (USP, Brazil) Organization IX Supporting Scientific Societies SBC Sociedade Brasileira de Computac¸˜ao AEPIA Associaci´on Espan˜ola para Inteligencia Artificial APPIA Associac¸˜ao Portuguesa para Inteligˆencia Artificial SMIA Sociedad Mexicana de Inteligencia Artificial Sponsoring Institutions TheInternationalJointConference2006hadthefinancialsupportofthefollow- ing Brazilian institutions: FAPESP Fundac¸˜ao de Amparo a` Pesquisa do Estado de Sa˜o Paulo CNPq Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa CAPES Coordenac¸˜ao de Aperfeic¸oamento do Pessoal de N´ıvel Superior FINEP Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos Program Committee Adolfo Guzm´an-Arenas Instituto Polit´ecnico Nacional (Mexico) Adina Florea University Politehnica of Bucharest (Romania) Alberto Oliart Instituto Tecnolo´gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (Mexico) Aldo Dragoni Universita` Politecnica delle Marche (Italy) Alejandro Zunino Universidad Nac. del Centro de la Pcia. de Buenos Aires (Argentina) Alexander Gelbukh Instituto Polit´ecnico Nacional (Mexico) Alexis Drogoul Institut de Recherche pour le D´eveloppement (France) Alipio Jorge Universidade do Porto (Portugal) Alvaro Albornoz Instituto Tecnolo´gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (Mexico) Amal El Fallah Seghrouchni Universit´e Paris VI (France) Ana Bazzan Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) Ana Paiva Universidade T´ecnica de Lisboa (Portugal) Ana Serrano Universidad Nacional EAD (Spain) Ana Cristina Garcia Universidade Federal Fluminense (Brazil) Ana Teresa Martins Universidade Federal do Ceara´ (Brazil) Analia Amandi Universidad Nac. del Centro de la Pcia. de Buenos Aires (Argentina) X Organization Andr´e Carvalho Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo (Brazil) Andre Valente Knowledge Systems Ventures LLC (USA) Andrea Omicini Universita` di Bologna (Italy) Angel Kuri Instituto Tecnolo´gico Auto´nomo de M´exico (Mexico) Anna Helena Reali Costa Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo (Brazil) Antoˆnio Rocha Costa Universidade Cat´olica de Pelotas (Brazil) Ariadne Carvalho Universidade de Campinas (Brazil) Arlindo Oliveira Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores (Portugal) Arturo Hernandez Aguirre Centro de Investigacio´n en Matema´ticas (Mexico) Augustin Lux Institut National de Recherche en Inform- atique et en Automatique (France) Augusto Loureiro da Costa Universidade Federal da Bahia (Brazil) Brian Mayoh Aarhus University (Denmark) Carles Sierra Institut d’Investigacio´nen Intellig`encia Artificial (Spain) Carlos Alberto Reyes Instituto Nacional de Astrof´ısica O´ptica y Electro´nica (Mexico) Carlos Brizuela Centro de Investigaci´on Cient´ıfica y de Ed- ucaci´on Superior de Enseada (Mexico) Carlos Castro Universidad T´ecnica Federico Santa Mar´ıa (Chile) Carlos Coello Instituto Polit´ecnico Nacional (Mexico) Carlos Ribeiro Instituto Tecnolo´gico da Aerona´utica (Brazil) Catherine Tessier Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches A´erospatiales (France) Catholijn Jonker Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information (The Netherlands) Celso Kaestner Pontif´ıcia Universidade Cato´lica-PR (Brazil) Christian Lemaitre Universidad Auto´noma Metropolitana (Mexico) Cora Toledo Laboratorio Nacional de Informa´tica Avanzada (Mexico) Cristiano Castelfranchi Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione (Italy) David Hales Universit´a di Bologna (Italy)