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Revue suisse de Zoologie 111 (4): 851-864; décembre 2004 A review of the Gnathonarium species (Araneae: Linyphiidae) of China LihongTU & Shuqiang LI Institute ofZoology, ChineseAcademy ofSciences, Beijing 100080, China. E-mail: [email protected] (all correspondence to Shuqiang Li) AreviewoftheGnathonarium species (Araneae: Linyphiidae) ofChina. - The present paper gives a review of the Gnathonarium species known from China. Atotal offour species are recorded, including one new species G. biconcavum sp. n.. G. cornigerum Zhu & Wen, 1980, G phragmigerum Gao & Zhu, 1988 and Gflavidum Gao & Zhu, 1993 are synonymized with G cambridgei Schenkel, 1963. A description of the new species and redescriptions ofthe known species are given. Keywords: Taxonomy - Linyphiidae - Gnathonarium - new species - China. INTRODUCTION The monotypic linyphiid spider genus Gnathonarium was established by Karsch (1881) for Gnathonarium rohlfsianum Karsch, 1881, which was laterregarded as ajuniorsynonymofTheridiondentatumWider, 1834.Accordingtothecatalogueof Platnick (2004), the genus currently comprises eight species, and seven ofthem have been reported from China. After having checked the paratype material of Gnathonarium cornigerum Zhu &Wen, 1980, G. phragmigerum Gao & Zhu, 1988, G. flavidum Gao & Zhu, 1993 and holotype of G. cambridgei Schenkel, 1963, we have come to the conclusion that they are conspecific. Furthermore, the distributional records of G exsiccatum (Bosenberg & Strand, 1906) in China (Gao & Zhu, 1990; Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999) are doubtful, and shouldbe deletedfromthe Chinese spider list. Therefore, only three species reported before really occur in China: these are G. cambridgeiSchenkel, 1963, G. dentatum (Wider, 1834), and G. gibberum Oi, 1960. G In the presentpaper, aforth Gnathonarium species from China, biconcavum sp. n., is reported. Descriptions and diagnoses of the new species and of the other known species occurring in China, as well as a key to all these species are given. Further information on distribution and illustrations of somatic and genital characters ofall species are provided. MATERIALAND METHODS Specimens were examined and measured under a SZ11-Olympus stereomicro- scope. Left palps of males and epigyna of females were illustrated after they were dissected from the spider body; vulvae were cleared in boiling NaOH solution. For Manuscriptaccepted 17.02.2004 852 L. TU& S. LI examination of the genital structures under a transmission light microscope, genital organs were immersed in 75% alcohol, embolic divisions and vulvae were mountedin Hoyer's Solution. All illustrations were made under an Olympus BX40 compound microscope by using adrawing tube. The material examined is deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (IZCAS), in the Jilin University, Changchun, China (JLU), in the Burke Museum, Seattle, USA(UWBM), in the Museum National d'HistoireNaturelle, Paris, France (MNHNP), intheNaturhistorischesMuseumBasel, Switzerland (NMB) and in the Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève, Switzerland (MHNG). For each species, only references to original description andreferences to rele- vant papers by Chinese colleagues are given in the text. Other references listed in Platnick's spider catalogue (Platnick, 2004) are not provided. Updated information on the distribution ofeach species in Chinais presented at the provincial level (see Peng, & Li Rollard, 2003). Leg measurements are given in the following sequence: Total (femur, patella + tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). All measurements are in millimeters. All scale lines are mm 0.1 in length. Terminology for somatic morphology and genital structures is after Hormiga (2002) and Saaristo & Koponen (1998). Abbreviations are used as followed: Somatic morphology: AER- anterioreye row; ALE- anteriorlateral eye;AME- anterior median eye; AME-ALE- distance between AME and ALE; AME-AME- distance between AMEs; AMEd- diameter ofAME; CL- carapace length; CW- carapace width; OL- opisthosomal length; OW- opisthosomal width; PER- posterior eye row; PLE- posterior lateral eye; PME- posterior median eye; PMEd- diameter of PME; PME-PLE- distancebetweenPMEandPLE; PME-PME- distancebetweenPMEs;TL- total length; Tm I- distance of trichobothrium from metatarsus base of leg I (as a fraction ofmetatarsus length); Tm IV - trichobothrium on metatarsus IV. Male palp: ATC- anteroventral tegular cornu; DSA- distal suprategular apophysis; E- embolus; EM- embolic membrane; MT- mesal tooth oftibial apophysis; P- paracybium; PT- protegulum; R- radix; SPT- suprategulum; T- tegulum. Epigynum: CD- copulatory duct; CO- copulatory opening; DE- ventral depres- sion; EI- epigynal index [expressed as a/b, a is the width of ventral plate between copulatory openings and b is the width ofcopulatory opening]; FD- fertilization duct; FO- fertilization opening; PMP- posterior median plate [= VP + DE]; PR- posterior cone-shaped recess of PMP; SRS- spherical part of seminal receptacula; VP- ventral plate. TAXONOMY Gnathonarium Karsch, 1881 GnathonariumKarsch, 1881: 10.TypespeciesbymonotypyGnathonariumrohlfsianumKarsch, 1881 [= G. dentatum (Wider, 1834), originallyplacedin Theridion]. Diagnosis. The genus is characterized by the following set ofcharacters in the male palp (Figs 1-4C-E): paracymbium shaped like a number "3" (Fig. 4C), although usually only the distal half of the paracymbium is visible in retrolateral view (Figs 1-3C); distal suprategular apophysis large, somewhat resembling a straw hat in lateral GNATHONARIUMSPIDERS OFCHINA 853 view; radix exceptionally small, bearing along, whip-like embolus and a long, narrow embolic membrane. Female epigynum vase-like in general appearance, posterior me- dianplate with deep posteriorrecess (PR) covered by ventral plate (Figs IH, 2-4F). Description. Tm I 0.59- 0.66. Tm IV present. Tibial spines 2-2-1-1. Carapace protruding slightly over clypeus, in males with some modifications (Figs 1A, 4A) or without (Figs 2A, 3A). Chelicerae of both sexes with warty granulations anterolaterally,with4-6promarginaland2-4retromarginalteeth, males alsowithatooth-like subapical frontal process bearing a fine hair at its tip (Figs IG, 2-4B). Male palp (Figs 1-4C): Patella with small ventral process at distal end. Tibia (Fig. IF) with one prolateral and two retrolateral trichobothria, tibial dorsal apophysis long, distally hooked, with a tooth on its mesal margin (MT). Paracymbium in the shape ofa "3" (Fig. 4C), carrying several long hairs, usually only the distal halfvisi- ble in retrolateral view (Figs 1-3C). Protegulum fleshy, boat-shaped, but sometimes contractedandsomewhatmetamorphosed(Figs2C,4C). Distalsuprategularapophysis (DSA) large, somewhat like a straw hat in lateral view. Structures ofembolic division simple and with little interspecific variation: radical part (R) conspicuously small, but embolus (E) long, whip-like and strongly sclerotized, embolic membrane (EM) long and narrow (Figs 1-4E). Epigynum and vulva (Figs 1H-I, 4F-G): Epigynum vase-like due to combined effect of transparent copulatory ducts (CD) and posterior median plate (PMP). The latter with a median recess (PR) and entirely or partly covered by ventral plate (VP), copulatory openings (CO) on both sides with shallow roundish depressions (DE). Copulatory ducts conspicuously wide, first converging towards each other, then running parallel, touching each other at median line, and finally turning more or less abruptly laterally. Seminal receptacula situated laterally ofparallel parts ofcopulatory ducts. Keyto Chinese Gnathonariumspecies 1 Male 2 Female 5 2 Carapace with lobe-like elevation behind oculararea (Fig. 4A) gibberum Carapace only slightly elevated behind ocular area 3 3 Carapacewithapairofoval sulcibehindocularareaindorsalview (Fig. IB) biconcavum sp. n. Carapace without sulci behind ocular area (Figs 2A, 3A) 4 4 The dorsal lobe ofDSAlarge and with a somewhat flat-roof(Fig. 3C) dentatimi The dorsal lobe ofDSA only moderately elevated and with a point-top (Fig. 2C) cambridgei 5 Ventral plate entirely covering PR, posterior margin of PMP almost straight (Fig. 2F) cambridgei Ventral plate partly covering PR, posteriormargin ofPMPdeeply notched 6 . . 6 Copulatory ducts long, about one and half circle, apical part point (Fig. 4F) gibberum 854 L. TU& S. LI Copulatory ducts shortter, about one circle, apical part blunt and only slightly rolling 7 7 Copulatory openings large and EI= 1.2 (Fig. IG) biconcavum sp. n. Copulatory openings small and EI= 5.5 (Fig. 3F) dentatum 1. Gnathonarium biconcavum sp. n. Fig. 1 Holotype: 3 (IZCAS-Tu0041), shore ofUlungur Lake, Fuhai (also called Burultokay) District (47.1°N, 87.5°E), Xinjiang UygurAutonomous Region, alt. 510 m, 11.VII.1991. The specimen was found under mats ofgrass covering the lakeshore. Paratypes: 2c?59 (IZCAS), same data as for holotype; 19 (IZCAS), Narat District (43.3°N, 84.0°E), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 30.VII.1991. G Diagnosis. The male of biconcavum sp. n. is distinguished easily from all other Gnathonarium species by carapace having a pair ofoval sulci and long, frontal- lycurvedhairs behindoculararea(Figs 1A-B).Thefemalecanbe distinguishedbythe posteriormedian plate with large copulatory openings and an exposedposteriorrecess (Fig. IH). Description ofmale. TL2.55, CL 1.25, CW0.90, OL 1.50, OW0.85. Carapace reddishbrown. Rows oflong hairs lying onthe anteromedianpart ofthe carapace, and bending downwards frontally. Behind ocular area, a pair of oval sulci on each side, with several circular pits in them and each pit bearing a short white hair. Eyes with black surroundings, AME smallest and ALE biggest, others subequal. AER recurved, PER straight, ALE and PLE close together;AME-AME equal toAME-ALE, less than AMEd; PME-PME slightlongerthan PMEd andPME-PLE shorter. Cheliceraebrown, anterolaterally furnished with small warty granulations and with a tooth-like frontal process (Fig. IG); promargin with four and retromargin with two teeth, first retro- marginal one bifurcated. Legs pale brown; length of legs: I 3.42 (0.95, 1.12, 0.80, 0.55), II 3.44 (0.90, 1.02, 1.00, 0.52), in 2.75 (0.80, 0.85, 0.65, 0.45), IV 3.75 (1.00, 1.25, 0.95, 0.55). Tibial spines: 2-2-1-1; Tm I: 0.63; Tm IV present. Sternum brown. Abdomen grey. Palp: Distal process of patella very small. Mesal tooth (MT) of tibial dorsal apophysis wider than in other species (Fig. IF). Distal suprategular apophysis (DSA) strongly sclerotized, especially at apical tip, the dorsal lobe small and cone-shaped in retrolateral view (Fig. 1C). Description offemale. Carapace without conspicuous modification, and chelicerae without tooth-like frontal process. Besides these, somatic characters of the female are same as in the male. Epigynum: Vase-like, cuticle of seminal receptacula and a pair ofcoiled copulatory ducts clearly visible through the body wall. Posterior median plate (PMP) with large copulatory openings (CO) and large depressions (DE), EI= 1.2. Ventral plate short, most part ofposteriorrecess (PR) exposed. Fig. 1 Gnathonarium biconcavum sp. n.A, carapace ofmale, lateralview; B, carapaceofmale, dorsal view;C,leftmalepalp,retrolateralview;D,leftmalepalp,prolateralview;E,embolusdivision, ventral view; F, palpaltibia, dorsal view; G, leftcheliceraofmale, anteriorview; H, epigynum, ventral view; I. vulva, dorsal view. [Scale lines: 0.1 mm]. GNATHONARIUMSPIDERS OFCHINA 855 856 L. TU& S. LI Etymology.TheLatinadjective "biconcavus, -a, -urn", meaningtwohollowson sides, refers to the two sulci on the dorsal surface ofthe carapace ofmale. Distribution. China (Xinjiang). 2. Gnathonarium cambridgei Schenkel, 1963 Fig. 2 GnathonariumcambridgeiSchenkel, 1963: 114, fig. 67 (9). Gnathonariumcornigerum Zhu &Wen, 1980: 19, figs2A-F(3 9); Hu, 1984: 193, figs202.1-6 (Ó* 9);Zhu& Shi, 1985: 114, figs 100A-F(<J 9);Zhang, 1987: 126, figs 104.1-4(39); Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 169, figs 95N-0, 96J-K (<J 9); Hu, 2001: 543, figs 364.1-5 (o* 9); Song,Zhu & Chen, 2001: 128, figs 67A-F(Ó* 9). (Syn. n.) Gnathonariumphragmigerum Gao & Zhu, 1988: 350, figs 1-7 (3 9); Song, Zhu & Li, 1993: 860, figs 16A-E (3 9); Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 170, figs 96H-I, 97B-C (39). (Syn. n.) Gnathonariumflavidum Gao & Zhu, 1993: 28, figs 7-13 (o* 9); Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 169, figs 96D-E, O-P(3 9). (Syn. n.) Type material examined. 19 (MNHNPAR12799, Potanin 56), type of G. cambridgei Schenkel, 1963, Donkyr City in Amdo (today's name not clear), Gansu Province, leg. Dr G. N. Potanin, 14-15.IV.1885; 23%9 (JLU), paratopes ofG. cornigerum Zhu &Wen, 1980, from asmallplacecalledBeijiushui, Mt. Laoshan, QingdaoCity, ShandongProvince, leg. C. D. Zhu, 20.VIII.1979; 3c?39 (JLU), paratypes ofG.flavidum Gao &Zhu, 1993, betweenYangriTown and Xinhua Town, Shennongjia Forest Region, Hubei Province, leg. J.C. Gao, 18.Vm.1986; 6329 (JLU), paratypes of G. phragmigerum Gao & Zhu, 1988, Yangri Town, Shennongjia ForestRegion, Hubei Province, leg. J.C. Gao, 22.VII.1986. Additional material examined. 1319 (UWBM), under outdoor deck, Brayton Drive, Anchorage 160' 9599, Alaska (61.134°N, 149.852°W), USA, leg. B. S. Blitz, 15.IV1990; 29 (UWBM), under outdoor deck, Brayton Drive, Anchorage 160' 9599, Alaska (61.134°N, 149.852°W), USA, leg. B. S. Blitz, 15.IV1990; 19 (UWBM), in house, Cook Inlet area, Anchorage 0-350', Alaska (61.15-25°N, 149.7-9°W), USA, leg. J. Strasenburgh, 14.VII.1989; 10o*259 (MHNG), the thermal spring, Mt. Songshan,YanqingDistrict, BeijingCity, leg. L. H. Tu, 12.VII.2002; 10*29 (IZCAS), QiujiabaVillage, WenDistrict, Gansu Province, alt. 2550m, leg. J. H. Wang, 20.VI.1999; \3\9 (IZCAS), PanquDistrict, Gansu Province, ShatanForestry Centre, alt. 2350-2400 m, leg. J. Chen, 5.VII.1998; 2c? (IZCAS), Kangding District, Sichuan Province, leg. X. J. Peng, 8.VIII.2001; lo*19 (IZCAS), Yutong, Kangding District, Sichuan Province, alt. 1500m, 18.VIH.1981; 1o* (IZCAS),Guandingthermalspring, KangdingDistrict, SichuanProvince, alt. 3700m, 16.VUI.1981; 39 (IZCAS), XiushanDistrict, SichuanProvince, 10.VI.1987; 29 (IZCAS), Changdu District, TibetAutonomous Region, leg. X. J. Peng, 15.VI- 11.2001; lo*19 (IZCAS), Riwoqê District, Tibet Autonomous Region, leg. X. J. Peng, 18.VI- 11.2001; 19 (IZCAS), Maniganggo Town, Dêgê District, TibetAutonomous Region, leg. X. J. Peng, 11.VIII.2001; 19 (IZCAS), Mt. Moirigkawagarbo, Dêqên District, Yunnan Province, 24.VII.1982; 19 (IZCAS), Mt. Liupanshan, Jingyuan District, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Y Region, leg. Q. Tang, 4.VH.1988; 19 (IZCAS), Qiuqianjia, Mt. Liupanshan, Ningxia Hui Y AutonomousRegion,leg. Q.Tang,6.VII.1988;3o*39 (IZCAS),BeijingCity, 1974-1976; 19 (IZCAS), Yuanmingyuan Park, Beijing City, 19.VJL2002; 19 (IZCAS), Hanshiqiao Natural Reservoir, Shunyi District. Beijing City, leg. L. H. Tu, 11.VII.2002; 10*49 (IZCAS), Badaling Great Wall, Yanqing District, Beijing City, 3.VJL1974; 10*59 (IZCAS), Badaohe Village, Yanqing District, Beijing City, leg. L. H. Tu, 7.VB.2002; 69 (IZCAS), XiadelongwanVillage, YanqingDistrict, Beijing City, leg. L. H.Tu, 18.VTJL2002; lc?39 (IZCAS), BaoshansiVillage, Yanqing District, Beijing City, leg. L. H. Tu, 19.VHL2002; 300*389 (IZCAS), the thermal spring, Mt. Songshan. Yanqing District, Beijing City, leg. L. H. Tu, 12.VII.2002; 49 (IZCAS), Songshan Forest Center, Mt. Songshan, Yanqing District, Beijing City, leg. L. H. Tu, 14.VB.2002; 650*609 (IZCAS), Mt. Jingdongdaxiagu, Pinggu District, Beijing City, leg. S. Q. Li, ll.Vn.2002; 29 (IZCAS), Chaoyang District, Liaoning Province, VH.1985; lo*29 (IZ- CAS),TianjunDistrict,QinghaiProvince,alt.3450m,leg.X.J.Peng, 17.LX.2001; 19 (IZCAS), Mt. Qingshashan, Pingan District, Qinghai Province, leg. M. Wu, 14.VI.1997; 19 (IZCAS), GNATHONARIUMSPIDERS OFCHINA 857 Maixiu Forest Center, Tongren District, Qinghai Province, leg. M. Wu, 14.VI.1997; 25 (IZ- CAS), Beishan National Nature ForestPark, Qinghai Province, leg. M. Wu, 7.VI.1997; 8<?79 (IZCAS), HunanProvince, leg. J. C. Gao,V.1985; 6o*112 (IZCAS), HunanProvince, leg. J. C. Gao,V.1985; 19 (IZCAS),Mt.Changbaishan,JilinProvince,26.VII.1987;2c?39 (IZCAS),Mt. Longqishan,JiangleDistrict,FujianProvince, 16-20.VIII.1991; 59 (IZCAS), KongcunVillage, YongnianDistrict, HebeiProvince, leg. S. Q. Li, 18.IX.1994. Diagnosis. The carapace shape is similar to that of G. dentatum, without conspicuous modification, but the male is easily recognizedby its slightly sclerotized distal suprategular apophysis (DSA) with a low conical lobe dorsally (Fig. 2C), and the femalebyitsepigynumhavingposteriormedianplatewithverylargecopulatoryopen- ings (CO) and depressions (DE), and with a straight posterior margin (Fig. 2F). Description. TL 2.47-2.94. Carapaces of both sexes as illustrated in Fig. 2A, without conspicuous modification, ocular area slightly protruding over clypeus, some hairslyingbehindoculararea. Cheliceraeofbothsexeswithwartygranulationsantero- laterally; promargin with six teeth, retromargin with four; the first one on retromargin bifurcated; malealsowithalargefrontaltooth-likeprocessbearing afinehairatthetip (Fig. 2B). Tm10.58- 0.61. TmIVpresent. Measurements andadetaileddescription of the somatic morphology were provided by Zhu & Wen (1980) and Gao & Zhu (1988, 1993). Male palp (Figs 2C-E): Distal process on patella seemingly bigger than in other species. Mesal tooth of tibial apophysis (MT) triangular, smaller than in the new species. Fleshy protegulum boat-shaped (in some specimens slightly contracted and metamorphosed). Anterior part oftegulum with a distinct anteroventral cornu (ATC). Distal suprategularapophysis (DSA)muchmore slenderandless sclerotized, andmost importantly, with smallerdorsal conical lobe than in other species. Epigynum (Figs 2F-G): Posterior median plate (PMP) with the largest copulatory openings (CO) and depressions (DE) in currently known species of Gnathonarium. Ventral plate very large, posteriorly widening and entirely covering posteriorrecess (PR)ofposteriormedianplate(PMP), actingasaseptumbetweenboth copulatory openings; posterior margin of posterior median plate almost straight. Copulatory ducts longer than those in G. biconcavum sp. n., and apical part turning posteriorly. Distribution. China (Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Hebei, Hubei, Hunan, Jilin, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shandong, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), USA(Alaska). Remarks. A comparison ofthe holotype of G. cambridgei Schenkel, 1963 and paratypes of G cornigerum Zhu & Wen, 1980, G. phragmigerum Gao & Zhu, 1988, G. flavidum Gao & Zhu, 1993 by us has revealed that they all are conspecific, and G accordingly G. cornigerum, G. phragmigerum, and flavidum are herein regarded as junior synonyms of G. cambridgei. The distinctions observed by Gao & Zhu (1988, 1993) are due to intraspecific variation anddifferent angles ofview. Furthermore, Gao & Zhu (1988) emphasized that G cambridgei should not be placed in the genus Gnathonarium because ofthe absence ofaTm IV. However, when checking the type ofG cambridgeiwenoticedthatthoughthehairofTmIVwas missing, its socketwas well discernible. 858 L. TU&S. LI Fig. 2 Gnathonarium cambridgei Schenkel, 1963. A, carapace ofmale, lateral view; B, left chelicera ofmale, anteriorview; C, leftmalepalp,retrolateralview;D, leftmalepalp,prolateralview;E, embolus division, ventral view: F, epigynum, ventral view; G, vulva, dorsal view. [Scale lines: 0.1 mm]. GNATHONARIUMSPIDERS OFCHINA 859 3. Gnathonarium dentatum (Wider, 1834) Fig. 3 TheridiondentatumWider, 1834: 229, pl.15, fig. 8 (c? 9). Gnathonarium dentatum:Anonymous, 1977: 37, figs 5A-F(<? 9); Song, 1980: 155, figs 83A-F {8 9); Hu, 1984: 194, figs 203.1-4 (c?9); Guo, 1985: 105, figs 2-47.1-3 (3 9); Zhu & Shi, 1985: 115, figs 101A-E (6 9); Song, 1987: 150, figs 111 (c? 9); Zhang, 1987: 127, figs 105.1-5 (<? 9); Feng, 1990: 134, figs 109.1-5 (6 9); Chen & Gao, 1990: 108, figs 135A-B (6 9); Chen & Zhang, 1991: 176, figs 174.1-6 (6 9); Song, Zhu & Li, 1993: 860, figs 14A-D (6 9); Zhao, 1993: 183, figs 84A-C (6 9); Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 169, figs 96A, L(6 9); Hu, 2001: 544, figs 365.1-4 (Ó*$); Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 129, figs 68A-F(6 9). Materialexamined.2829 (NMB,KATNR296),KlosterTschokurtan(today'snamenot clear), Gansu Province, leg. Dr G. N. Potanin, 07.04.1886; 2849 (MHNG), Dashitou Town, Jilin Province, leg. Y. Tao, 28.VII.1988; 4c?3? (IZCAS, Tu0007), Shandan District, Gansu Province, leg. X. P. Wang, 1.VIII.1988; 19 (IZCAS), Yangri Town to Xinhua Town, Shennongjia Forest Region, Hubei Province, leg. S.Q. Li, 18.VIII.1986; 6c?139 (IZCAS), Chunhua District, Jilin Province, leg. J.C. Gao, 17.VIII.1990; 8c?129 (IZCAS, Tu0008), KongcunVillage, Yongnian District, Hebei Province, leg. S. Q. Li, VI-XII.1994; 39 (IZCAS), KongcunVillage,YongnianDistrict, Hebei Province, leg. S. Q. Li,VI-XII. 1994; lc? (IZCAS), Liaoning Province, 1985; 2c?19 (IZCAS), Yuanmingyuan Park, Beijing City, leg. S.Q. Li, 11.V1990;2c?19 (IZCAS),Mt.Xiangshan,BeijingCity,leg. S.Q.Li,25.X.1987; 19 (IZCAS), Bameng, Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region, leg. S. Y Yu, 17V.1980; lc? (IZCAS), Xiaoxi Natural Reservoir, Xiushan District, Sichuan Province, 9.VI.1989; lc?l9 (IZCAS), Qapqal Xibe Autonomous District, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 5.VII.1991; lc? (IZCAS), LiubaDistrict, ShaanxiProvince, leg. J. Chen, 20.VII.1998. Diagnosis. Shape ofcarapace similar to that of G. cambridgei, but the male is easilyrecognizedbythedistalsuprategularapophysis (DSA)havingalargedorsallobe withaflat-roof(Fig. 3C) andthe female byhaving aposteriormedianplatewith small copulatory openings (CO) and depressions (DE), as well as a large posterior recess (PR) (Fig. 3F). Description. TL 1.83-2.42. Carapaces of both sexes as illustrated in Fig. 3A, without conspicuous modification, ocular area protruding slightly over clypeus, with some hairs lying behind ocular area. Chelicerae ofboth sexes with warty granulations anterolateral^, promargin with six teeth, retromargin with four, the first one ofretro- margin bifurcated; male with an additional tooth-like frontal process, with a fine hair atits tip (Fig. 3B). Tm I 0.58- 0.59. Tm IV present. Measurements and a detailed description ofthe somatic morphology were providedby Wider (1834). Male palp (Figs 3C-E): Distal process of patella small. Mesal tooth of tibial apophysis (MT) triangular, smaller than in G. biconcavum sp. n.. Distal suprategular apophysis (DSA) dominated by a large dorsal lobe with the roofalmost flat. Unlike in G. cambridgei, anteriorpart oftegulum without conspicuous anteroventral cornu. Epigynum (Figs 2-3F): Copulatory ducts seemingly shorter than in G. cambridgei, about one circle with its apicle part blunt and slightly rolled. Posterior median plate with very small copulatory openings (CO) and depressions (DE), EI= 5.53, ventral plate covering mostpartofposteriorrecess (PR), posteriormargin ofposterior median plate deeply notched. Distribution. Palearctic. In China the species was found in Beijing, Gansu, Hebei, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Xinjiang. 860 L. TU& S. LI