A New Species of the Fern Genus Thelypteris (Thelypteridaceae) from Southeastern Brazil Alexandre Salino* and Luciana Claudia Neves Melo Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Cieneias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627. Pampulha. 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil ABSTRACT. Thelypteris semirii, known only from 1600 m. An exception is Thelypteris lugubris (Kun- Minas Gerais, Brazil, is described and illustrated. ze ex Mettenius) R. Tryon & A. Tryon, which some¬ The new species belongs to Thelypteris subg. Gon- times grows in open woods, along paths and weedy iopteris, due to the indument of furcate and stellate sites such as the understory of banana plantations. trichomes on scales, petioles, rachises, and costae. The present work provides the description of a new It is most closely related to T. scabra (C. Presl) species and a key to the species of Thelypteris subg. Lellinger (from Argentina, Paraguay, and south¬ Goniopteris of southeastern Brazil most closely re¬ eastern Brazil) because of pinna shape, disposition lated to this new species. of indument, prominent sinuses, and unbranched trichomes on sporangial stalks. It differs by having Thelypteris semirii Salino & Melo, sp. nov. trichomes golden or orange, stipitate, and glandu¬ TYPE: Brazil. Minas Gerais: Marlieria, Parque lar, on both surfaces of all pinnae and indusia. Estadual do Rio Doce, Campolina, Dec. 1996, Stems are erect and buds are lacking in the axils Salino 2848 (holotype, BHCB; isotypes, UC, of distal pinnae. UEC). Figure 1A-E. Besides an early monograph by Christensen Species nova subgeneris Goniopteridis, Thelypteridi sca¬ bra (C. Presl) Lellinger affinis, a qua pinnis trichomatibus (1913) and the surveys of Brade (1972) and Seh- glandulosis stipitatis abaxialiter veslilis el caule longo er- nem (1979), nothing more on the taxonomy of the ecto differt. Brazilian species of the Thelypteris subg. Goniop- teris (C. Presl) Duek bas been published. This sub¬ Stems erect, with caudex to 15 cm long, scales genus comprises 80 to 100 Neotropical species lanceolate, brownish, with furcate and stellate tri¬ from Florida, the Antilles, and southern Mexico to chomes, sometimes also with marginal glandular northern Argentina and Paraguay (Smith, 1992). trichomes. Leaves clustered, 64—103 cm long, Thelypteris subg. Goniopteris is distinguished from monomorphie. Petioles yellowish, sulcate on adax¬ other subgenera of Thelypteris by the presence of ial side, 30-55 X 0.2-0.3 cm, glabrescent to furcate or stellate trichomes on various plant parts, sparsely pilose, with furcate and stellate trichomes especially on the scales at the stem apex and in up to 1.5 mm long, also with lanceolate scales. the adaxial groove of the rachis (Smith, 1983). Such Laminae 34—59 cm long, herbaceous to charta- trichomes are apparently lacking in a few species eeous, not verrueose, 1-pinnate to pinnatifid, apex of subgenus Goniopteris (Smith, 1983, 1992), but gradually reduced, confluent and pinnatifid. Buds are always present in Brazilian species. The major and aerophores absent. Rachises densely pilose in center of diversity for subgenus Goniopteris is Cen¬ adaxial grooves, abaxially sparsely pilose with fur¬ tral America, where 41 species occur. Secondary cate and stellate trichomes, sometimes also with centers are southeastern Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador. unbranched trichomes, abaxially sometimes stellate Brazil has approximately 29 species of subgenus and furcate trichomes absent. Pinnae 11 to 20 pairs Goniopteris, 21 of them occurring in the southeast¬ per leaf, sessile, 9—12 X 1.3—2 cm, linear-lanceo¬ ern part of this country with at least 13 endemic to late, elliptic or lanceolate, with apex acuminate and this region. In southeastern Brazil subgenus Gon¬ base truncate or oblique; incised ca. xh their width, iopteris grows in mesic and moist shaded habitats, with lowermost pinnae strongly deflexed, hair-like such as primary and secondary lowland and mon¬ scales on abaxial side of costae. Segments 3—6 mm tane rainforests, from 0 to 1000 m, rarely reaching wide, falcate, with margins entire and apex round- Author to whom correspondence should he addressed; [email protected] Novon 10: 74-77. 2000. Volume 10, Number 1 Salino & Melo 75 2000 Thelypteris semirii Figure I. A—K. Thelypteris semirii Salino & Melo (Salino 2848, hololype). —A. Habit. —R. Segments, showing venation, soral position, and prominent sinuses. —C. Stem scale. —I). Detail of epidermis surface of petiole, showing stellate trichornes. —E. Detail of stalked glandular trichornes on abaxial side of laminar tissue. 76 Novon ed, obtuse or acute, veins 6 to 11 pairs per seg¬ Irilha do Vinhatieo, 18 May 1995, Salino 2167 (BHCB, DC), 29 Mar. 1996, Salino 2662 (BHCB), Campolina, 30 ment, unbranched, lowermost vein pairs from ad¬ Mar. 1996, Salino 2672 (BHCB). 11 ha do Clei—poryao jacent segments running to or just above the sinus. norte, 22 June 1996. Scudeller 456 (BHCB); Rio Casca, Indument of furcate and stellate trichomes on margens do Rio Casca, 28 Feb. 1998, Salino 407V scales, petioles, rachises, and costae; unbranched (BHCB); Viyosa. Agricultural College lands, road to Sao Miguel. 19 Mar. 1930, Mexia 4487-b ((41. UC, US). trichomes on petioles, rachises, costae, costules, and margins of segments, sometimes on veins and kl’l TO IHK Sl’KClKS OK THELYPTERIS SI UC. GOSIOPTERIS laminar tissue; golden or orangish, glandular, OK Sol THKASTKKN BlIA/ll Al I.IKU TO T. SEMIRII stalked trichomes on both surfaces of pinnae and la. Stem erect; trichomes orange, short-stalked, indusia. Sori in medial to inframedial positions, in- glandular on the abaxial costa, veins, laminar tis¬ dusia reniform, with margin repand, pale to brown, sue, and indusia . . T. semirii (Brazil, Minas Gerais) and glandular; sporangia glabrous, sometimes with lb. Stem creeping; glandular trichomes absent. 2a. Sori exindusiate. unbranched trichomes on sporangial stalks. 3a. Lamina with apex abruptly reduced, similar to lateral pinnae (conform); spo¬ Epithet. This plant is named in honor of Joao rangial capsules with simple trichomes Semir (State University of Campinas, Brazil), who . . T. letragona (Swartz) Small (from eastern has greatly contributed to our knowledge of the and southern Mexico to Panama; Flori¬ Brazilian flora. da; the Antilles; Colombia to Peru and Distribution and habitat. Thelypteris semirii is Surinam (Smith, 1(>92); Argentina (Ponce, 1987); north and southeastern endemic to the “Zona da Mata” region in the State Brazil (Salino, pers. obs.) of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and grows in shaded areas 3b. Lamina with apex gradually reduced, in the primary and secondary Atlantic Rain Forest, confluent and pinnatifill; sporangial from 300 to 700 m. This new species is common capsules without trichomes. 4a. Buds on axils of lowermost pinnae; only in the Rio Doce State Park, between 19°41'— base of medial pinnae, with aeros- 19°30'S and 42°38'5"-48°28'W and is rare outside copic side not auriculate . . T. abbiattii this region. C. F. Reed (from southeastern Bra¬ The new species belongs to Thelypteris subg. zil and Argentina) Goniopteris, due to the indument of trichomes fur¬ 4b. Buds absent on axils ol lowermost pinnae; base ol medial pinnae, with cate and stellate on scales, petioles, rachises, and aeroscopie side auriculate, the au¬ costa. It is very similar to T. scabra (from Argentina, ricle often overlapping the raehis Paraguay, and southeastern Brazil) in pinna shape, .T. riograndensis (Lindman) C. F. indument disposition, prominent sinuses, and uti- Reed (from southeastern Brazil. branched trichomes on sporangial stalks. However, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay) 2b. Sori indusiate. T. scabra has creeping stems, buds in the axils of 5a. Scales lanceolate on abaxial costa; ad- distal pinnae and lacks orangish, stalked, glandular axial laminar tissue pubescent; tri¬ trichomes on the abaxial side of costae, veins, lam¬ chomes simple and furcate on abaxial inar tissue, and indusia. Thelypteris semirii has an veins . . T. lugubris (Kunze ex Mettenius) R. M. Tryon & A. F. Tryon (from south¬ erect stem, lacks buds in the axils of distal pinnae, eastern and central Brazil) and has trichomes that are glandular, short-stalked, 5b. Seales absent on abaxial costa; adaxial and orangish on abaxial sides of costae, veins, lam¬ laminar tissue glabrous; trichomes ab¬ inar tissue, and indusia. This new species differs sent on abaxial veins .... T. scabra (from from the other species of subgenus Goniopteris from southeastern Brazil. Argentina, and Paraguay) Brazil by the presence of glandular trichomes. Oth¬ er species of subgenus Goniopteris from Brazil are eglandular. However, T. aureola A. R. Smith (from Acknowledgments. We thank the curators of the Honduras) has numerous golden or orangish, short- following herbaria for loan of specimens and hos¬ stalked, glandular trichomes on the abaxial surfac¬ pitality during visits: GH, UC, and US. We also es of rachises, costae, veins, and laminar tissue thank Alan R. Smith for suggestions, Miryan Mor¬ (Smith, 1990). Thelypteris aureola has exindusiate ale Duarte for preparation of illustrations, Claudia sori, and sporangia and receptacle glandular, while Maria Jacobi and two anonymous reviewers for sug¬ T. semirii has indusiate sori, and sporangia and re¬ gestions and help with English. ceptacle without glandular trichomes. Literature Cited Paratyftes. BRAZIL. Alinas Gerais: Astoldo Dutra- Brade, A. C. 1972. () genera Dryopteris (Pteridophyta) no Guarani, its margens do Rio Pomba, 7 Apr. 1998, Salino Brasil e sua divisao taxonomica. Bradea 1(22): 191 — 4176 (BULB); Marlieria, Parque Kstadual do Rio Doce, 261. Volume 10, Number 1 Salino & Melo 77 2000 Thelypteris semirii Christensen. C. 1913. A monograph of the genus Dryop- Smith. A. R. 1983. Polypodiaceae—Thelvpteridoideae. In teris I. The tropical American pinnatifid-hipinnatifid C. Hailing & R. Sparre (editors). Flora of Ecuador 18: species. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. Afd. Ser. 18-148. 7. 10: 53-232. -. 1990. New Thelypteris (Thelypteridaeeae) from Ponce. M. M. 1987. Revision de las Thelypteridaeeae Central America. Ann. Missouri Rot. Card. 77: 118— (Pteridophvta) Argentinas. Oarwiniana 28(1—4): 317— 124. 390. -. 1992. Thelypteridaeeae. In R. M. Tryon & R. C. Sehnem. A. 1979. Aspidiaeeas. In R. Reitz (editor), PI. Stolze (editors), Pteridophyta of Peru. Part 111. Fieldi- i 1 listr. Catarinense. Herh. Barhosa Rodrigues, Itajaf. ana. Rot. n. s. 29: 1-80.